错误...冰淇淋机代码有时候没有创建“是”....不确定

Question

我正在创建一个创建冰淇淋的小程序。这很简单，但我看不出是什么搞乱了这个过程。我认为这是我缺乏功能和调用它们的经验。

基本上，它会随机创建一个冰淇淋......但是我想在一个函数中调用一个函数而它没有出现。在创建具有create_icecream功能的冰淇淋的味道和勺子之后，它应该创造一个随机的一匙量。

基本上，它产生“是”或“否”并打印出来。

如果它随机选择“是”，则继续制作冰淇淋及其变量。

但是，我不确定我希望它列出的顺序。所以在将来，如果我改变代码，我想在函数shows_icecream中决定它首先调用什么...即函数create_icecream（）或consume（）首先显示它...我相信消费（）必须在create_icecream（）之后定义但仍在学习。

这是我到目前为止所写的内容：

import random
icecream_flavor = ["Chocolate","Vanilla","Strawberry"]
icecream_scoops = ["One","Two","Three","Four"]
icecream_made = ["yes","no"] 

def create_icecream():
    icecream_flavor_c = random.choice(icecream_flavor)
    icecream_scoops_c = random.choice(icecream_scoops)

    # Ice Cream Details: Printed
    print("Scoops:  ",icecream_scoops_c)
    print("Flavor:  ",icecream_flavor_c)

def consumption():
    if icecream_scoops == "One":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(0, 25)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif icecream_scoops == "Two":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(26, 50)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif icecream_scoops == "Three":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(51, 75)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif icecream_scoops == "Four":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(76, 100)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    else:
        return

def appear_icecream():
    icecream_appear = random.choice(icecream_made)
    # print(icecream_appear)
    if str(icecream_appear) == "yes":
        print("Yes")
        create_icecream()
        consumption()
    elif str(icecream_appear) == "no":
        print("No Ice Cream")
    else:
        print("BUG!")

print("Ice Cream No.1")
appear_icecream()
print("Ice Cream No.2")
appear_icecream()

运行示例：

Ice Cream No. 1    
Yes
Scoops:    One
Flavor:    Strawberry
Ice Cream No. 2
No Ice Cream

显然，勺子变量的数量没有出现。

Answer 1

勺子傻瓜的数量没有出现，因为你正在检查变量icecream_scoops，它根本没有变化。 icecream_scoops总是[“一个”，“两个”，“三个”，“四个”]所以你的代码永远不会起作用：D

见这里：

def create_icecream():
icecream_flavor_c = random.choice(icecream_flavor)
icecream_scoops_c = random.choice(icecream_scoops)

icecream_scoops_c是存储随机选择的那个，因此这是您要检查的变量。问题是，这是一个局部变量，因此您只能在函数内访问它。所以使用它的方法是让你的consumption（）函数使用参数。你可以从create_icecream（）

里面调用它 像这样：

def create_icecream():
icecream_flavor_c = random.choice(icecream_flavor)
icecream_scoops_c = random.choice(icecream_scoops)

# Ice Cream Details: Printed
print("Scoops:  ",icecream_scoops_c)
print("Flavor:  ",icecream_flavor_c)
consumption(icecream_flavor_c)



def consumption(scoops):
    if scoops == "One":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(0, 25)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif scoops == "Two":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(26, 50)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif scoops == "Three":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(51, 75)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif scoops == "Four":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(76, 100)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    else:
        return

这样，你将值从icecream_scoops_c传递给consumtion（），因为var scoops和conmsumtion（）正在检查它。此外，当来自appear_icecream（）的结果为no时，您不会调用consumtion（），因此您正在那里赚取时间。

希望我很清楚，这有帮助！

以下完整代码：

import random
icecream_flavor = ["Chocolate","Vanilla","Strawberry"]
icecream_scoops = ["One","Two","Three","Four"]
icecream_made = ["yes","no"]


def create_icecream():
    icecream_flavor_c = random.choice(icecream_flavor)
    icecream_scoops_c = random.choice(icecream_scoops)

    # Ice Cream Details: Printed
    print("Scoops:  ",icecream_scoops_c)
    print("Flavor:  ",icecream_flavor_c)
    consumption(icecream_scoops_c)  # call the function with the correct variable

def consumption(scoops):  # added scoops arg
    if scoops == "One":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(0, 25)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif scoops == "Two":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(26, 50)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif scoops == "Three":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(51, 75)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif scoops == "Four":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(76, 100)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    else:
        return


def appear_icecream():
    icecream_appear = random.choice(icecream_made)
    # print(icecream_appear)
    if str(icecream_appear) == "yes":
        print("Yes")
        create_icecream()
    elif str(icecream_appear) == "no":
        print("No Ice Cream")
    else:
        print("BUG!")

print("Ice Cream No.1")
appear_icecream()
print("Ice Cream No.2")
appear_icecream()

Answer 2

主要问题是icecream_scoops是list类型的变量，因此永远不会等于字符串"One"，"Two"等。

在create_icecream()中，您可以定义一个变量icecream_scoops_c来保存勺子数量。很遗憾，icecream_scoops_c是一个局部变量，无法在create_icecream()之外访问。解决此问题的方法是return此值：

def create_icecream():
    # ...
    # ...
    return icecream_scoops_c

def consumption(num_scoops):
    if num_scoops == "One":
        # ...
    elif num_scoops == "Two":
        # ...
    # ...

然后在你的主要代码中：

number_of_scoops = create_icecream()
consumption(number_of_scoops)

---

顺便说一句，最好将ice_cream_scoops保留为数字列表（[1, 2, 3, 4]而不是["One", "Two", "Three", "Four"]）。这样，在consumption()中，您可以执行以下操作：

def consumption(num_scoops):
    spoonfuls = random.randint((num_scoops - 1) * 25 + 1, num_scoops * 25)
    print("Spoonfuls:\t", spoonfuls)

这比整个if...elif代码块简单得多。

Answer 3

这也可以通过创建全局变量icecream_scoops_c并对其进行测试来解决。 通过定义全局变量，我们可以确保所有函数都可以访问它们。 从函数中返回值也很有效。

在这里阅读全局变量的缺点 - Are global variables bad?

此处显示代码。

import random
icecream_flavor = ["Chocolate","Vanilla","Strawberry"]
icecream_scoops = ["One","Two","Three","Four"]
icecream_made = ["yes","no"]
icecream_scoops_c = None

def create_icecream():
    global icecream_scoops_c
    icecream_flavor_c = random.choice(icecream_flavor)
    icecream_scoops_c = random.choice(icecream_scoops)

    # Ice Cream Details: Printed
    print("Scoops:  ",icecream_scoops_c)
    print("Flavor:  ",icecream_flavor_c)

def consumption():
    global icecream_scoops_c
    if icecream_scoops_c == "One":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(0, 25)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif icecream_scoops_c == "Two":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(26, 50)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif icecream_scoops_c == "Three":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(51, 75)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    elif icecream_scoops_c == "Four":
        icecream_spoonfuls = random.randint(76, 100)
        print("Spoonfuls:   ",icecream_spoonfuls)
    else:
        return

def appear_icecream():
    icecream_appear = random.choice(icecream_made)
    # print(icecream_appear)
    if str(icecream_appear) == "yes":
        print("Yes")
        create_icecream()
        consumption()
    elif str(icecream_appear) == "no":
        print("No Ice Cream")
    else:
        print("BUG!")

print("Ice Cream No.1")
appear_icecream()
print("Ice Cream No.2")
appear_icecream()