Question

我正在努力寻找实施WCF重试的最佳方法。我希望尽可能让客户体验尽可能干净。我知道有两种方法（见下文）。我的问题是：“我缺少第三种方法吗？也许这是一种普遍接受的做法？”

方法＃1 ：创建实现服务接口的代理。对于每次调用代理，请执行重试。

public class Proxy : ISomeWcfServiceInterface
{
    public int Foo(int snurl)
    {
        return MakeWcfCall<int>(() => _channel.Foo(snurl));
    }

    public string Bar(string snuh)
    {
        return MakeWcfCall<string>(() => _channel.Bar(snuh));
    }

    private static T MakeWcfCall<T>(Func<T> func)
    {
        // Invoke the func and implement retries.
    }
}

方法＃2 ：将MakeWcfCall（）（上面）更改为public，并让消费代码直接发送func。

我不喜欢方法＃1，每次接口更改时都必须更新Proxy类。

我不喜欢方法＃2是客户端必须将其调用包装在func中。

我错过了更好的方法吗？

修改

我在这里发布了一个答案（见下文），根据接受的答案指出了我正确的方向。我以为我会在答案中分享我的代码，以帮助某人完成我必须完成的工作。希望它有所帮助。

Answer 1

我已经完成了这种类型的事情，并且使用.net的RealProxy类解决了这个问题。

使用RealProxy，您可以使用提供的界面在运行时创建实际代理。从调用代码来看，就好像他们正在使用IFoo通道，但实际上它是代理的IFoo，然后您有机会拦截对任何方法，属性，构造函数的调用等等......

从RealProxy派生，然后您可以覆盖Invoke方法来拦截对WCF方法的调用并处理CommunicationException等。

Answer 2

注意：这不应该是接受的答案，但我想发布解决方案，以防其他人帮助。吉姆的回答指出了我的方向。

首先，消费代码，显示其工作原理：

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var channelFactory = new WcfChannelFactory<IPrestoService>(new NetTcpBinding());
    var endpointAddress = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["endpointAddress"];

    // The call to CreateChannel() actually returns a proxy that can intercept calls to the
    // service. This is done so that the proxy can retry on communication failures.            
    IPrestoService prestoService = channelFactory.CreateChannel(new EndpointAddress(endpointAddress));

    Console.WriteLine("Enter some information to echo to the Presto service:");
    string message = Console.ReadLine();

    string returnMessage = prestoService.Echo(message);

    Console.WriteLine("Presto responds: {0}", returnMessage);

    Console.WriteLine("Press any key to stop the program.");
    Console.ReadKey();
}

WcfChannelFactory：

public class WcfChannelFactory<T> : ChannelFactory<T> where T : class
{
    public WcfChannelFactory(Binding binding) : base(binding) {}

    public T CreateBaseChannel()
    {
        return base.CreateChannel(this.Endpoint.Address, null);
    }

    public override T CreateChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via)
    {
        // This is where the magic happens. We don't really return a channel here;
        // we return WcfClientProxy.GetTransparentProxy(). That class will now
        // have the chance to intercept calls to the service.
        this.Endpoint.Address = address;            
        var proxy = new WcfClientProxy<T>(this);
        return proxy.GetTransparentProxy() as T;
    }
}

WcfClientProxy：（这是我们拦截并重试的地方。）

    public class WcfClientProxy<T> : RealProxy where T : class
    {
        private WcfChannelFactory<T> _channelFactory;

        public WcfClientProxy(WcfChannelFactory<T> channelFactory) : base(typeof(T))
        {
            this._channelFactory = channelFactory;
        }

        public override IMessage Invoke(IMessage msg)
        {
            // When a service method gets called, we intercept it here and call it below with methodBase.Invoke().

            var methodCall = msg as IMethodCallMessage;
            var methodBase = methodCall.MethodBase;

            // We can't call CreateChannel() because that creates an instance of this class,
            // and we'd end up with a stack overflow. So, call CreateBaseChannel() to get the
            // actual service.
            T wcfService = this._channelFactory.CreateBaseChannel();

            try
            {
                var result = methodBase.Invoke(wcfService, methodCall.Args);

                return new ReturnMessage(
                      result, // Operation result
                      null, // Out arguments
                      0, // Out arguments count
                      methodCall.LogicalCallContext, // Call context
                      methodCall); // Original message
            }
            catch (FaultException)
            {
                // Need to specifically catch and rethrow FaultExceptions to bypass the CommunicationException catch.
                // This is needed to distinguish between Faults and underlying communication exceptions.
                throw;
            }
            catch (CommunicationException ex)
            {
                // Handle CommunicationException and implement retries here.
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }            
        }
    }

代理拦截的呼叫的序列图：

enter image description here

Answer 3

您可以使用Castle实现通用代理。这里有一篇好文章http://www.planetgeek.ch/2010/10/13/dynamic-proxy-for-wcf-with-castle-dynamicproxy/。这种方法将提供实现接口的用户对象，并且您将有一个负责通信的类

Answer 4

不要乱用生成的代码，因为正如您所提到的，它将再次生成，因此将覆盖任何自定义。

我看到两种方式：

为包含重试变体的每个代理写入/生成分部类。这很麻烦，因为当代理更改
创建一个svcutil的自定义版本，允许您生成从不同基类派生的代理，并将重试代码放在该基类中。这是相当多的工作，但它可以做到并以一种强有力的方式解决问题。

Answer 5

通过方法1，然后将所有上下文事件（打开，打开，故障，...）擦除到由类代理公开的事件中，一旦通信出现故障然后重新创建代理或调用一些递归方法内部代理类。我可以和你分享我刚刚测试的一些炒锅。

    public class DuplexCallBackNotificationIntegrationExtension : IExtension, INotificationPusherCallback {
    #region - Field(s) -
    private static Timer _Timer = null;
    private static readonly object m_SyncRoot = new Object();
    private static readonly Guid CMESchedulerApplicationID = Guid.NewGuid();
    private static CancellationTokenSource cTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
    private static CancellationToken cToken = cTokenSource.Token;
    #endregion

    #region - Event(s) -
    /// <summary>
    /// Event fired during Duplex callback.
    /// </summary>
    public static event EventHandler<CallBackEventArgs> CallBackEvent;

    public static event EventHandler<System.EventArgs> InstanceContextOpeningEvent;
    public static event EventHandler<System.EventArgs> InstanceContextOpenedEvent;
    public static event EventHandler<System.EventArgs> InstanceContextClosingEvent;
    public static event EventHandler<System.EventArgs> InstanceContextClosedEvent;
    public static event EventHandler<System.EventArgs> InstanceContextFaultedEvent;
    #endregion

    #region - Property(ies) -
    /// <summary>
    /// Interface extension designation.
    /// </summary>
    public string Name {
        get {
            return "Duplex Call Back Notification Integration Extension.";
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// GUI Interface extension.
    /// </summary>
    public IUIExtension UIExtension {
        get {
            return null;
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region - Constructor(s) / Finalizer(s) -
    /// <summary>
    /// Initializes a new instance of the DuplexCallBackNotificationIntegrationExtension class.
    /// </summary>
    public DuplexCallBackNotificationIntegrationExtension() {
        CallDuplexNotificationPusher();
    }
    #endregion

    #region - Delegate Invoker(s) -

    void ICommunicationObject_Opening(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
        DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Info("context_Opening");
        this.OnInstanceContextOpening(e);
    }

    void ICommunicationObject_Opened(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
        DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Debug("context_Opened");
        this.OnInstanceContextOpened(e);
    }

    void ICommunicationObject_Closing(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
        DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Debug("context_Closing");
        this.OnInstanceContextClosing(e);
    }

    void ICommunicationObject_Closed(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
        DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Debug("context_Closed");
        this.OnInstanceContextClosed(e);
    }

    void ICommunicationObject_Faulted(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
        DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Error("context_Faulted");
        this.OnInstanceContextFaulted(e);

        if (_Timer != null) {
            _Timer.Dispose();
        }

        IChannel channel = sender as IChannel;
        if (channel != null) {
            channel.Abort();
            channel.Close();
        }

        DoWorkRoutine(cToken);
    }

    protected virtual void OnCallBackEvent(Notification objNotification) {
        if (CallBackEvent != null) {
            CallBackEvent(this, new CallBackEventArgs(objNotification));
        }
    }

    protected virtual void OnInstanceContextOpening(System.EventArgs e) {
        if (InstanceContextOpeningEvent != null) {
            InstanceContextOpeningEvent(this, e);
        }
    }

    protected virtual void OnInstanceContextOpened(System.EventArgs e) {
        if (InstanceContextOpenedEvent != null) {
            InstanceContextOpenedEvent(this, e);
        }
    }

    protected virtual void OnInstanceContextClosing(System.EventArgs e) {
        if (InstanceContextClosingEvent != null) {
            InstanceContextClosingEvent(this, e);
        }
    }

    protected virtual void OnInstanceContextClosed(System.EventArgs e) {
        if (InstanceContextClosedEvent != null) {
            InstanceContextClosedEvent(this, e);
        }
    }

    protected virtual void OnInstanceContextFaulted(System.EventArgs e) {
        if (InstanceContextFaultedEvent != null) {
            InstanceContextFaultedEvent(this, e);
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region - IDisposable Member(s) -

    #endregion

    #region - Private Method(s) -

    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    void CallDuplexNotificationPusher() {
        var routine = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => DoWorkRoutine(cToken), cToken);
        cToken.Register(() => cancelNotification());
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ct"></param>
    void DoWorkRoutine(CancellationToken ct) {
        lock (m_SyncRoot) {
            var context = new InstanceContext(this);
            var proxy = new NotificationPusherClient(context);
            ICommunicationObject communicationObject = proxy as ICommunicationObject;
            communicationObject.Opening += new System.EventHandler(ICommunicationObject_Opening);
            communicationObject.Opened += new System.EventHandler(ICommunicationObject_Opened);
            communicationObject.Faulted += new System.EventHandler(ICommunicationObject_Faulted);
            communicationObject.Closed += new System.EventHandler(ICommunicationObject_Closed);
            communicationObject.Closing += new System.EventHandler(ICommunicationObject_Closing);


            try {
                proxy.Subscribe(CMESchedulerApplicationID.ToString());
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                Logger.HELogger.DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Error(ex);                    

                switch (communicationObject.State) {
                    case CommunicationState.Faulted:
                        proxy.Close();
                        break;

                    default:
                        break;
                }

                cTokenSource.Cancel();
                cTokenSource.Dispose();                    
                cTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
                cToken = cTokenSource.Token;
                CallDuplexNotificationPusher();  
            }

            bool KeepAliveCallBackEnabled = Properties.Settings.Default.KeepAliveCallBackEnabled;
            if (KeepAliveCallBackEnabled) {
                _Timer = new Timer(new TimerCallback(delegate(object item) {
                    DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Debug(string.Format("._._._._._. New Iteration {0: yyyy MM dd hh mm ss ffff} ._._._._._.", DateTime.Now.ToUniversalTime().ToString()));
                    DBNotificationPusherService.Acknowledgment reply = DBNotificationPusherService.Acknowledgment.NAK;
                    try {
                        reply = proxy.KeepAlive();
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex) {
                        DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Error(ex);

                        switch (communicationObject.State) {
                            case CommunicationState.Faulted:
                            case CommunicationState.Closed:
                                proxy.Abort();
                                ICommunicationObject_Faulted(null, null);
                                break;

                            default:
                                break;
                        }
                    }

                    DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Debug(string.Format("Acknowledgment = {0}.", reply.ToString()));
                    _Timer.Change(Properties.Settings.Default.KeepAliveCallBackTimerInterval, Timeout.Infinite);
                }), null, Properties.Settings.Default.KeepAliveCallBackTimerInterval, Timeout.Infinite);
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    void cancelNotification() {
       DefaultLogger.DUPLEXLogger.Warn("Cancellation request made!!");
    }
    #endregion 

    #region - Public Method(s) -
    /// <summary>
    /// Fire OnCallBackEvent event and fill automatic-recording collection with newest 
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="action"></param>
    public void SendNotification(Notification objNotification) {

        // Fire event callback.
        OnCallBackEvent(objNotification);
    }
    #endregion

    #region - Callback(s) -
    private void OnAsyncExecutionComplete(IAsyncResult result) {

    }
    #endregion
}

Answer 6

只需将所有服务调用包装在一个函数中，将一个委托执行传递的委托所需的时间

internal R ExecuteServiceMethod<I, R>(Func<I, R> serviceCall, string userName, string password) {

    //Note all clients have the name Manager, but this isn't a problem as they get resolved        
    //by type
    ChannelFactory<I> factory = new ChannelFactory<I>("Manager");
    factory.Credentials.UserName.UserName = userName;
    factory.Credentials.UserName.Password = password;

    I manager = factory.CreateChannel();
    //Wrap below in a retry loop
    return serviceCall.Invoke(manager);
}

WCF重试代理

6 个答案: