我正在使用Spring 3.1.1.RELEASE和Hibernate 4.1.0.Final。我得到了“无法初始化代理 - 无会话”异常，尽管事实上我正在将相关方法调用包装在@Transactional注释中。这是我的方法......
@Service("teacherImportService")
public class TeacherImportServiceImpl extends AbstractmyprojectService
{
…
@Transactional
@Override
public void saveUserObject(final JsonObject jsonData)
{
…
final myprojectOrganization myprojectOrg = myprojectOrgDao.findBymyprojectOrgId(myprojectSchoolId);
final Organization school = myprojectOrg != null ? myprojectOrg.getOrg() : null;
…
final Address address = new Address();
address.setState(school.getState()); // error occurs here
我还需要做些什么来保证交易发生？我已经包含了“＆lt; tx：annotation-driven /＆gt;”在我的应用程序上下文中，我在下面包含
<context:component-scan base-package="org.mainco.subco" />
...
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${test.mysql.dataSource.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${test.mysql.dataSource.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${test.mysql.db.user}" />
<property name="password" value="${test.mysql.db.password}" />
</bean>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="packagesToScan" value="org.mainco.subco" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
</property>
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="jpaPropertyMap" ref="jpaPropertyMap" />
</bean>
<util:map id="jpaPropertyMap">
<entry key="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
<entry key="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
<entry key="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory"/>
<entry key="hibernate.cache.provider_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider"/>
<entry key="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" value="true" />
<entry key="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache" value="false" />
<entry key="hibernate.generate_statistics" value="true" />
</util:map>
<bean id="sharedEntityManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.SharedEntityManagerBean">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven />
<jdbc:initialize-database data-source="dataSource">
<jdbc:script location="classpath:truncate_tables.sql" />
<jdbc:script location="classpath:db-test-data.sql" />
</jdbc:initialize-database>
这是异常的完整堆栈跟踪...
org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: could not initialize proxy - no Session
at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.initialize(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:149)
at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.getImplementation(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:195)
at org.hibernate.proxy.pojo.javassist.JavassistLazyInitializer.invoke(JavassistLazyInitializer.java:185)
at org.mainco.subco.organization.domain.Organization_$$_javassist_30.getState(Organization_$$_javassist_30.java)
at org.mainco.subco.myproject.service.TeacherImportServiceImpl.saveUserObject(TeacherImportServiceImpl.java:101)
at org.mainco.subco.myproject.service.AbstractmyprojectService.saveUsers(AbstractmyprojectService.java:226)
at org.mainco.subco.myproject.service.AbstractmyprojectService$$FastClassByCGLIB$$d080e416.invoke(<generated>)
at net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:191)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(Cglib2AopProxy.java:618)
at org.mainco.subco.myproject.service.TeacherImportServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$a06c7e9f.saveUsers(<generated>)
at org.mainco.subco.myproject.service.TeacherImportServiceTest.testSaveTeachers(TeacherImportServiceTest.java:46)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:83)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
答案 0 :(得分：6)
也许您忘了将交易注释添加到AbstractmyprojectService.saveUsers()
请注意，内部调用永远不会被代理，因此流程：
TeacherImportServiceTest.testSaveTeachers() ->
AbstractmyprojectService.saveUsers() ->
TeacherImportServiceImpl.saveUserObject()
如果AbstractmyprojectService.saveUsers()根本不是交易性的，则不会是交易性的。
修改
阅读完评论后，我看到了三个解决方案：
saveUsers()方法解压缩到辅助类。非常简单，重构代码以将Tx方法保留在一个类中，并通过组合从另一个类中使用它。
saveUserObject() 中的程序化交易。public void saveUserObject() {
DefaultTransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
def.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW);
TransactionStatus status = txManager.getTransaction(def);
try {
// the code
}
catch (Exception ex) {
txManager.rollback(status);
throw ex;
}
txManager.commit(status);
}
使用AspectJ，您可以使用Aspect AnnotationTransactionAspect
使用<tx:annotation-driven mode="aspectj"/>并选择编织方法（编译或加载时间）。
有关加载时间的编织，请参阅http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.0.5.RELEASE/reference/aop.html#aop-aj-ltw
编译时使用maven进行编织，请参阅Spring / @Transactional with AspectJ is totally ignored
答案 1 :(得分：0)
在你的应用程序上下文XML中，我没有看到组件扫描配置会让Spring管理立体声类型注释bean类[即，使用 @Service 注释的类， @Repository 或 @Component ]
只需为以下任何类添加包扫描，如下例所示：
<context:component-scan base-package="some.package.where.stereotypedclassesexist"/>
关于spring托管组件的类路径扫描，Spring文档参考here。
HTH。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
这可能与proxy implementation pattern有关。尝试将saveUserObject提取到界面：
public class TeacherImportServiceImpl extends AbstractmyprojectService implements SomeInterface {
@Transactional
@Override
public void saveUserObject(final JsonObject jsonData) {
...
}
}
public interface SomeInterface {
void saveUserObject(JsonObject jsonData);
}
您也可以尝试使用CGLIB进行基于类的代理：
<tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class="true" />