OpenGL ES 2.0如何正确设置glVertexAttribPointers

Question

我正在尝试使用基本的XCode OpenGL ES 2.0模板渲染一些自定义3D对象。我一直在阅读Ray Wenderlich关于OpenGL ES 2.0的博客，试图开始。无论我做什么，我的简单“球体”都是这样的：

我认为我的问题是设置我的缓冲区，如下所示：

glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribPosition);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribPosition, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8, BUFFER_OFFSET(6));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8, BUFFER_OFFSET(0));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribNormal);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribNormal, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8, BUFFER_OFFSET(3));

我有来自外部程序的Vertex数据，如下所示：

// The vertex data is saved in the following format:
//  u0,v0,normalx0,normaly0,normalz0,x0,y0,z0
//  u1,v1,normalx1,normaly1,normalz1,x1,y1,z1
//  u2,v2,normalx2,normaly2,normalz2,x2,y2,z2
//  ...

#define Ball_vertexcount    559
#define Ball_polygoncount   960

float Ball_vertex[Ball_vertexcount][8]={
    {0.03125, 0.00000, -0.00000, 1.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 1.00000, 0.00000},
    {0.03125, 0.06250, 0.03806, 0.98079, 0.19132, 0.03806, 0.98079, 0.19134},
    {0.00000, 0.06250, -0.00000, 0.98079, 0.19507, 0.00000, 0.98079, 0.19509},
    {0.03125, 0.12500, 0.07465, 0.92389, 0.37530, 0.07466, 0.92388, 0.37533},
    ...

int Ball_index[Ball_polygoncount][3]={
    {0, 1, 2},
    {1, 3, 4},
    {4, 2, 1},
    {3, 5, 6},
    ...

Apple的偏移定义如下：

#define BUFFER_OFFSET(i) ((char *)NULL + (i))

我的setupGl功能包括：

glGenVertexArraysOES(1, &_vertexArray);
glBindVertexArrayOES(_vertexArray);

glGenBuffers(1, &_vertexBuffer);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, _vertexBuffer);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(Ball_vertex), Ball_vertex, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

glGenBuffers(1, &_indexBuffer);
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, _indexBuffer);
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(Ball_index), Ball_index, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

// u0,v0,normalx0,normaly0,normalz0,x0,y0,z0

glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribPosition);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribPosition, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8, BUFFER_OFFSET(6));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8, BUFFER_OFFSET(0));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribNormal);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribNormal, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8, BUFFER_OFFSET(3));

glBindVertexArrayOES(0);

我对glVertexAttribPointers的理解如下：

• The first parameter specifies the attribute name to set. We just use the pre- defined constants GLKit set up.
• The second parameter specifies how many values are present for each vertex. If you look back up at the Vertex struct, you'll see that for the position there are three floats (x,y,z) and for the color there are four floats (r,g,b,a).
• The third parameter specifies the type of each value - which is float for both Posi- tion and Color.
• The fourth parameter is always set to false.
• The fifth parameter is the size of the stride, which is a fancy way of saying "the size of the data structure containing the per-vertex data". So we can simply pass in sizeof(Vertex) here to get the compiler to compute it for us.
• The final parameter is the offset within the structure to find this data. We can use the handy offsetof operator to find the offset of a particular field within a struc-ture.

我的glkView看起来像这样：

- (void)glkView:(GLKView *)view drawInRect:(CGRect)rect
{
    glClearColor(0.65f, 0.65f, 0.65f, 1.0f);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    // Render the object with GLKit
    [self.effect prepareToDraw];

    glBindVertexArrayOES(_vertexArray);

    glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, sizeof(Ball_index)/sizeof(Ball_index[0]), GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0);

}

有人能说清楚我做错了吗？谢谢！

Answer 1

第五个参数，步幅大小，应以字节为单位 8*sizeof(float)
最后一个参数offset应该是指向特定数据的指针，BUFFER_OFFSET应该是这样的 #define BUFFER_OFFSET(a) a*sizeof(float)