Java / Arduino - 从串行端口读取数据

时间:2013-04-14 06:19:51

标签: java serial-port arduino

我有一个Java程序,我必须阅读Arduino发送的信息。 我从here获取了Java代码。现在,我真的不明白它是如何工作的,但是我试着修改它,我得到了这个:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier;
import gnu.io.SerialPort;
import gnu.io.SerialPortEvent;
import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener;
import java.util.Enumeration;

public class Serial implements SerialPortEventListener {
    SerialPort serialPort;

    private static final String PORT_NAMES[] = {
            "/dev/tty.usbserial-A9007UX1", // Mac OS X
            "/dev/ttyUSB0", // Linux
            "COM3", // Windows
    };

    private BufferedReader input;
    private static OutputStream output;
    private static final int TIME_OUT = 2000;
    private static final int DATA_RATE = 115200;

    public void initialize() {
        CommPortIdentifier portId = null;
        Enumeration portEnum = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();

        while (portEnum.hasMoreElements()) {
            CommPortIdentifier currPortId = (CommPortIdentifier) portEnum.nextElement();
            for (String portName : PORT_NAMES) {
                if (currPortId.getName().equals(portName)) {
                    portId = currPortId;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (portId == null) {
            System.out.println("Could not find COM port.");
            return;
        }

        try {
            serialPort = (SerialPort) portId.open(this.getClass().getName(),TIME_OUT);

            serialPort.setSerialPortParams(DATA_RATE, SerialPort.DATABITS_8, SerialPort.STOPBITS_1,    SerialPort.PARITY_NONE);

            input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(serialPort.getInputStream()));
            output = serialPort.getOutputStream();

            serialPort.addEventListener(this);
            serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println(e.toString());
        }
    }

    public synchronized void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent oEvent) {
        if (oEvent.getEventType() == SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE) {
            try {
                String inputLine=input.readLine();
                System.out.println(inputLine);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.err.println(e.toString());
            }
        }
    }

    public synchronized void close() {
        if (serialPort != null) {
            serialPort.removeEventListener();
            serialPort.close();
        }
    }

    public Serial(String ncom){
        if(Integer.parseInt(ncom)>=3 && Integer.parseInt(ncom)<=9)
            PORT_NAMES[2] = "COM" + ncom;
        initialize();
        Thread t=new Thread() {
            public void run() {
                try {Thread.sleep(1000000);} catch (InterruptedException ie) {}
            }
        };
        t.start();
        System.out.println("Serial Comms Started");
    }

    public synchronized void send(int b){
        try{
            output.write(b);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println(e.toString());
        }
    }

    public synchronized int read(){
        int b = 0;

        try{
            b = (int)input.read();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println(e.toString());
        }
        return b;
    }
}

我在主程序中使用我需要的COM port创建对象Serial,然后在需要时使用Serial.readSerial.write

Serial.write效果很好,Arduino获取数据并在液晶显示器中显示。问题是Serial.read。当程序运行时,它会保持从串口读取(大约每40毫秒),但这并不意味着Arduino发送了一些东西。 Arduino仅在按下按钮时发送一个字节。因此,当Java代码运行时,它会在读取内容之前抛出“n”异常,这会造成很大的延迟。

我知道我需要类似Serial.available()的内容,我尝试了input.available(),但它不起作用。我不知道如何解决这个问题。

如果你有一个有效的代码,如果你能把它给我,我将非常感激。我只需要两种方法,读写,我不关心代码是如何工作的:D

编辑:

我改变了Serial类,现在它再次使用这个方法作为apremalal说

public synchronized void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent oEvent) {

        if (oEvent.getEventType() == SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE) {
            try {

                String inputLine=null;
                if (input.ready()) {
                    inputLine = input.readLine();
                    panel.read(inputLine);
                }

            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.err.println(e.toString());
            }
        }       
    }

在另一个班级(本例中的小组)我有这个:

public void read(String data){
    System.out.println(data);
    System.out.println(data == "255");
    if(data == "255")
        //code here 
}

它正确打印值,但data == "255"总是假,即使我真的得到255 ....我试图做Integer.parseInt但没有改变。为什么地狱?

编辑2:好的解决了:\

public void read(String data){

    serialRead = Integer.parseInt(data);

    if(serialRead == 255)
        //code here 
}

现在它的工作......不知道为什么我必须这样做......不管怎样......)

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:11)

您不希望专门编写示例代码中已有的读取函数。正如TheMerovingian指出您可以在读取之前检查输入缓冲区。这是我在我的一个项目中使用的工作代码。

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier; 
import gnu.io.SerialPort;
import gnu.io.SerialPortEvent; 
import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener; 
import java.util.Enumeration;


public class SerialTest implements SerialPortEventListener {
SerialPort serialPort;
    /** The port we're normally going to use. */
private static final String PORT_NAMES[] = {                  "/dev/tty.usbserial-A9007UX1", // Mac OS X
        "/dev/ttyUSB0", // Linux
        "COM35", // Windows
};
private BufferedReader input;
private OutputStream output;
private static final int TIME_OUT = 2000;
private static final int DATA_RATE = 9600;

public void initialize() {
    CommPortIdentifier portId = null;
    Enumeration portEnum = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();

    //First, Find an instance of serial port as set in PORT_NAMES.
    while (portEnum.hasMoreElements()) {
        CommPortIdentifier currPortId = (CommPortIdentifier) portEnum.nextElement();
        for (String portName : PORT_NAMES) {
            if (currPortId.getName().equals(portName)) {
                portId = currPortId;
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    if (portId == null) {
        System.out.println("Could not find COM port.");
        return;
    }

    try {
        serialPort = (SerialPort) portId.open(this.getClass().getName(),
                TIME_OUT);
        serialPort.setSerialPortParams(DATA_RATE,
                SerialPort.DATABITS_8,
                SerialPort.STOPBITS_1,
                SerialPort.PARITY_NONE);

        // open the streams
        input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(serialPort.getInputStream()));
        output = serialPort.getOutputStream();

        serialPort.addEventListener(this);
        serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println(e.toString());
    }
}


public synchronized void close() {
    if (serialPort != null) {
        serialPort.removeEventListener();
        serialPort.close();
    }
}

public synchronized void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent oEvent) {
    if (oEvent.getEventType() == SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE) {
        try {
            String inputLine=null;
            if (input.ready()) {
                inputLine = input.readLine();
                            System.out.println(inputLine);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println(e.toString());
        }
    }
    // Ignore all the other eventTypes, but you should consider the other ones.
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    SerialTest main = new SerialTest();
    main.initialize();
    Thread t=new Thread() {
        public void run() {
            //the following line will keep this app alive for 1000    seconds,
            //waiting for events to occur and responding to them    (printing incoming messages to console).
            try {Thread.sleep(1000000);} catch (InterruptedException    ie) {}
        }
    };
    t.start();
    System.out.println("Started");
}
}

编辑:serialEvent函数负责读取缓冲区。

public synchronized void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent oEvent) {
 if (oEvent.getEventType() == SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE) {
    try {
        String inputLine=null;
        if (input.ready()) {
            inputLine = input.readLine();
            System.out.println(inputLine);
        }

    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println(e.toString());
    }
 }
// Ignore all the other eventTypes, but you should consider the other ones.
}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

BufferedReader类有一个ready()方法,如果“缓冲区不为空,或者底层字符流已准备好”,则返回True。否则False。因此,您可以在read()方法中添加一个检查,以确保在尝试阅读之前有数据需要读取。

public synchronized int read(){

    int b = 0;  

    try{
        if (input.ready()) {
            b = (int)input.read();
        }
    }catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println(e.toString());
    }
    return b;
}

看起来代码有一个try-catch来处理这些事情是否失败,这可能是导致你的滞后因为try-catch非常昂贵的原因。因此,input.ready()检查应该会减少例外情况。