我对网络服务世界相对较新,我的研究似乎让我困惑不仅仅是启发我,我的问题是我得到了一个库(jar),我必须扩展一些web服务功能。
这个库将与其他开发人员共享,并且jar中的类将是具有调用webservice的方法的类(实质上设置类的属性,执行一些业务逻辑,如将对象存储在一个db等,并发回带有这些修改的对象)。我想尽可能简单地调用这个服务,希望这很简单,这样开发人员只需要使用该类。
Car c = new Car("Blue");
c.webmethod();
我一直在研究在服务器上使用的JAX-WS,但在我看来,我不需要在服务器上创建wsimport
,也不需要在客户端上创建wsimport
,因为我知道两者都有类,我只需要在服务器和客户端共享的类之间进行一些交互。您认为在课堂上进行网络服务和通话是否有意义?
答案 0 :(得分:254)
我理解你的问题归结为如何从Java调用SOAP(JAX-WS)Web服务并获取其返回对象。在这种情况下,您有两种可能的方法:
wsimport
生成Java类并使用它们;或
关于第一种方法(使用wsimport
):
我看到你已经有了服务'(实体或其他)业务类,而且wsimport
生成了一组全新的类(这些类与你已经拥有的类重复)。
wsimport
生成的代码,使其使用您的业务类(这很困难,不知何故不值得) - 每次WSDL更改时都要记住,你会必须重新生成并重新编写代码);或wsimport
生成的类。 (在此解决方案中,业务代码可以将生成的类“用作”来自另一个体系结构层的服务。)关于第二种方法(创建自定义SOAP客户端):
为了实施第二种方法,您必须:
java.net.HttpUrlconnection
(和一些java.io
处理)来完成。使用经典java.net.HttpUrlConnection
创建SOAP客户端并不是那么难(但也不是那么简单),您可以在this link中找到一个非常好的起始代码。
我建议你使用SAAJ框架:
SOAP with Attachments API for Java(SAAJ)主要用于直接处理在任何Web Service API的幕后发生的SOAP请求/响应消息。它允许开发人员直接发送和接收soap消息,而不是使用JAX-WS。
使用SAAJ查看SOAP Web服务调用的工作示例(运行它!)。它调用this web service。
import javax.xml.soap.*;
public class SOAPClientSAAJ {
// SAAJ - SOAP Client Testing
public static void main(String args[]) {
/*
The example below requests from the Web Service at:
https://www.w3schools.com/xml/tempconvert.asmx?op=CelsiusToFahrenheit
To call other WS, change the parameters below, which are:
- the SOAP Endpoint URL (that is, where the service is responding from)
- the SOAP Action
Also change the contents of the method createSoapEnvelope() in this class. It constructs
the inner part of the SOAP envelope that is actually sent.
*/
String soapEndpointUrl = "https://www.w3schools.com/xml/tempconvert.asmx";
String soapAction = "https://www.w3schools.com/xml/CelsiusToFahrenheit";
callSoapWebService(soapEndpointUrl, soapAction);
}
private static void createSoapEnvelope(SOAPMessage soapMessage) throws SOAPException {
SOAPPart soapPart = soapMessage.getSOAPPart();
String myNamespace = "myNamespace";
String myNamespaceURI = "https://www.w3schools.com/xml/";
// SOAP Envelope
SOAPEnvelope envelope = soapPart.getEnvelope();
envelope.addNamespaceDeclaration(myNamespace, myNamespaceURI);
/*
Constructed SOAP Request Message:
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:myNamespace="https://www.w3schools.com/xml/">
<SOAP-ENV:Header/>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<myNamespace:CelsiusToFahrenheit>
<myNamespace:Celsius>100</myNamespace:Celsius>
</myNamespace:CelsiusToFahrenheit>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
*/
// SOAP Body
SOAPBody soapBody = envelope.getBody();
SOAPElement soapBodyElem = soapBody.addChildElement("CelsiusToFahrenheit", myNamespace);
SOAPElement soapBodyElem1 = soapBodyElem.addChildElement("Celsius", myNamespace);
soapBodyElem1.addTextNode("100");
}
private static void callSoapWebService(String soapEndpointUrl, String soapAction) {
try {
// Create SOAP Connection
SOAPConnectionFactory soapConnectionFactory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
SOAPConnection soapConnection = soapConnectionFactory.createConnection();
// Send SOAP Message to SOAP Server
SOAPMessage soapResponse = soapConnection.call(createSOAPRequest(soapAction), soapEndpointUrl);
// Print the SOAP Response
System.out.println("Response SOAP Message:");
soapResponse.writeTo(System.out);
System.out.println();
soapConnection.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("\nError occurred while sending SOAP Request to Server!\nMake sure you have the correct endpoint URL and SOAPAction!\n");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static SOAPMessage createSOAPRequest(String soapAction) throws Exception {
MessageFactory messageFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
SOAPMessage soapMessage = messageFactory.createMessage();
createSoapEnvelope(soapMessage);
MimeHeaders headers = soapMessage.getMimeHeaders();
headers.addHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction);
soapMessage.saveChanges();
/* Print the request message, just for debugging purposes */
System.out.println("Request SOAP Message:");
soapMessage.writeTo(System.out);
System.out.println("\n");
return soapMessage;
}
}
关于使用JAXB进行序列化/反序列化,很容易找到有关它的信息。你可以从这里开始:http://www.mkyong.com/java/jaxb-hello-world-example/。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
或者只使用Apache CXF's wsdl2java生成可以使用的对象。
它包含在您可以从他们的网站下载的二进制包中。您只需运行如下命令:
$ ./wsdl2java -p com.mynamespace.for.the.api.objects -autoNameResolution http://www.someurl.com/DefaultWebService?wsdl
它使用wsdl生成对象,您可以像这样使用对象名称(也可以从wsdl中获取对象名称,因此您的对象会有所不同):
DefaultWebService defaultWebService = new DefaultWebService();
String res = defaultWebService.getDefaultWebServiceHttpSoap11Endpoint().login("webservice","dadsadasdasd");
System.out.println(res);
甚至还有一个Maven插件可以生成源:https://cxf.apache.org/docs/maven-cxf-codegen-plugin-wsdl-to-java.html
注意:如果您使用CXF和IDEA生成源代码,您可能需要查看以下内容:https://stackoverflow.com/a/46812593/840315
答案 2 :(得分:0)
可能对将 xml 请求作为字符串的人有所帮助。
如果您有 WSDL,您可以使用该 WSDL 文件在 SoapUI 中创建一个新的soap请求。
它会自动为输入请求生成 Structure/XML。
如果您有来自 SoapUI 的输入请求 xml,这里是一些可用于调用 Soap 服务的简单 Java 代码版本:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class SimpleSoapClient {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
String address="Hyderabad";
/* place your xml request from soap ui below with necessary changes in parameters*/
String xml="<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:ws=\"http://www.YourUrlAsPerWsdl.com/\">\r\n" +
" <soapenv:Header/>\r\n" +
" <soapenv:Body>\r\n" +
" <ws:callRest>\r\n" +
" <name>"+"Hello"+"</name>\r\n" +
" <address>"+address+"</address>\r\n" +
" </ws:callRest>\r\n" +
" </soapenv:Body>\r\n" +
"</soapenv:Envelope>";
String responseF=callSoapService(xml);
System.out.println(responseF);
}
}
static String callSoapService(String soapRequest) {
try {
String url = "https://gogle.com/service/hello"; // replace your URL here
URL obj = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) obj.openConnection();
// change these values as per soapui request on top left of request, click on RAW, you will find all the headers
con.setRequestMethod("POST");
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/xml; charset=utf-8");
con.setDoOutput(true);
DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
wr.writeBytes(soapRequest);
wr.flush();
wr.close();
String responseStatus = con.getResponseMessage();
System.out.println(responseStatus);
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
con.getInputStream()));
String inputLine;
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(inputLine);
}
in.close();
// You can play with response which is available as string now:
String finalvalue= response.toString();
// or you can parse/substring the required tag from response as below based your response code
finalvalue= finalvalue.substring(finalvalue.indexOf("<response>")+10,finalvalue.indexOf("</response>")); */
return finalvalue;
}
catch (Exception e) {
return e.getMessage();
}
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:-1)
我找到了一种生成肥皂消息的简单得多的替代方法。 给定一个人物对象:
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
private String address; //setter and getters below
}
下面是一个简单的Soap Message Generator:
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.XmlMapper;
@Slf4j
public class SoapGenerator {
protected static final ObjectMapper XML_MAPPER = new XmlMapper()
.enable(DeserializationFeature.READ_UNKNOWN_ENUM_VALUES_AS_NULL)
.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false)
.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS, false)
.registerModule(new JavaTimeModule());
private static final String SOAP_BODY_OPEN = "<soap:Body>";
private static final String SOAP_BODY_CLOSE = "</soap:Body>";
private static final String SOAP_ENVELOPE_OPEN = "<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\">";
private static final String SOAP_ENVELOPE_CLOSE = "</soap:Envelope>";
public static String soapWrap(String xml) {
return SOAP_ENVELOPE_OPEN + SOAP_BODY_OPEN + xml + SOAP_BODY_CLOSE + SOAP_ENVELOPE_CLOSE;
}
public static String soapUnwrap(String xml) {
return StringUtils.substringBetween(xml, SOAP_BODY_OPEN, SOAP_BODY_CLOSE);
}
}
您可以使用:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Person p = new Person();
p.setName("Test");
p.setAge(12);
String xml = SoapGenerator.soapWrap(XML_MAPPER.writeValueAsString(p));
log.info("Generated String");
log.info(xml);
}