Question

我正在使用Joda时间来验证时区的时间戳。当我通过无效的日期或时间时，它按预期工作。例如，当我以秒为单位传递99时，它会出现以下错误：

Exception in thread "main" org.joda.time.IllegalFieldValueException: Cannot  
parse "20131231235999+00": Value 99 for secondOfMinute must be in the range [0,59]

我期待它在我通过无效时区时抛出类似的异常。我期望UTC偏移值小于-12且大于+14小时（http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_time_zones_by_UTC_offset）。当偏移值超过23小时时，它确实给出了以下错误。

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Invalid
format: "20131231235959+24" is malformed at "24"

我想我错过了一些东西，因为它表示24小时出错。有人可以解释为什么它允许偏移值＆lt; -12和＆gt; 14个小时。

下面给出了一个示例程序，其中包含不同偏移量的输出：

public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, DatatypeConfigurationException
{
    DateTimeFormatter dtf = DateTimeFormat.forPattern("yyyyMMddHHmmssZ").withZoneUTC();
    String dateString = "";

    for (int i = 0; i < 24; i++)
    {
        if (i < 10)
        {
            dateString = "20131231235959+0" + i;
            DateTime dt1 = dtf.parseDateTime(dateString);
            System.err.println(dateString + " = " + dt1);
        }
        else
        {
            dateString = "20131231235959+" + i;
            DateTime dt1 = dtf.parseDateTime(dateString);
            System.err.println(dateString + " = " + dt1);
        }
    }


    for (int i = 0; i < 24; i++)
    {
        if (i < 10)
        {
            dateString = "20131231235959-0" + i;
            DateTime dt1 = dtf.parseDateTime(dateString);
            System.err.println(dateString + " = " + dt1);
        }
        else
        {
            dateString = "20131231235959-" + i;
            DateTime dt1 = dtf.parseDateTime(dateString);
            System.err.println(dateString + " = " + dt1);
        }
    }
}

Output:

20131231235959+00 = 2013-12-31T23:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-00 = 2013-12-31T23:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+01 = 2013-12-31T22:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-01 = 2014-01-01T00:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+02 = 2013-12-31T21:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-02 = 2014-01-01T01:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+03 = 2013-12-31T20:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-03 = 2014-01-01T02:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+04 = 2013-12-31T19:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-04 = 2014-01-01T03:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+05 = 2013-12-31T18:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-05 = 2014-01-01T04:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+06 = 2013-12-31T17:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-06 = 2014-01-01T05:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+07 = 2013-12-31T16:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-07 = 2014-01-01T06:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+08 = 2013-12-31T15:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-08 = 2014-01-01T07:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+09 = 2013-12-31T14:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-09 = 2014-01-01T08:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+10 = 2013-12-31T13:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-10 = 2014-01-01T09:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+11 = 2013-12-31T12:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-11 = 2014-01-01T10:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+12 = 2013-12-31T11:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-12 = 2014-01-01T11:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+13 = 2013-12-31T10:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-13 = 2014-01-01T12:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+14 = 2013-12-31T09:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-14 = 2014-01-01T13:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+15 = 2013-12-31T08:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-15 = 2014-01-01T14:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+16 = 2013-12-31T07:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-16 = 2014-01-01T15:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+17 = 2013-12-31T06:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-17 = 2014-01-01T16:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+18 = 2013-12-31T05:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-18 = 2014-01-01T17:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+19 = 2013-12-31T04:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-19 = 2014-01-01T18:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+20 = 2013-12-31T03:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-20 = 2014-01-01T19:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+21 = 2013-12-31T02:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-21 = 2014-01-01T20:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+22 = 2013-12-31T01:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-22 = 2014-01-01T21:59:59.000Z
20131231235959+23 = 2013-12-31T00:59:59.000Z  20131231235959-23 = 2014-01-01T22:59:59.000Z

谢谢，

阿南德

Answer 1

来自ISO 8601：

当需要指出当地时间和当天的UTC之间的差异时，表示差异可以用小时和分钟表示，或仅以小时表示。它应表示为正（即如果当地时间超过或等于当天的UTC并且为负数（即带有...），则为前导加号[+] 领先减号[ - ]）如果它在UTC的日期之后。差异的分钟时间元素可能只是如果时间尺度之间的差异恰好是整数小时，则省略。基本格式：±hhmm示例：+0100 ±hh +01 扩展格式：±hh：mm示例：+01：00

它没有明确提及范围，但它们使用相同的字母和小时。鉴于joda time uses ISO 8601 by default似乎暗示偏移的范围与时间表示的小时值的范围相同。

Jodatime时区转换

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