“维数不正确”错误,帮助我理解原因

时间:2013-03-29 23:52:53

标签: r dimensions

此问题的组织:

I.   Background
II.  The Problem/Question
III. Steps Taken to Make this Question Good
IV.  Update: the output of head(x.path) and dput(x.path)

予。背景

我正在定制/调整O'Reilly的书“黑客机器学习”(第3章)中的电子邮件分类代码。该代码及其附带数据可在此处找到:https://github.com/johnmyleswhite/ML_for_Hackers/tree/master/03-Classification

II。问题/疑问

该代码中的一个主要功能称为get.msg()。原始功能是

get.msg <- function(path)
{
  con <- file(path, open = "rt", encoding = "latin1")
  text <- readLines(con)
  # The message always begins after the first full line break
  msg <- text[seq(which(text == "")[1] + 1, length(text), 1)]
  close(con)
  return(paste(msg, collapse = "\n"))
}

我的数据在很多方面都有所不同,所以我必须对此进行相当多的编辑。我之前从关系数据库中读取了我的数据,因此我不必读入并清理文本文件。相反,我的电子邮件正文数据是数据框的第18列,我们可以将其称为x。这是我的get.msg()版本:

get.msg <- function(path) {
  bodyvector <- path[!(is.na(path[,18]) | path[,18]==""), ]
  return(paste(bodyvector))
}

最初我将其称为x$email,这适用于大部分代码,但在稍后的步骤中get.msg()函数用于x.path,其中x.path根据示例代码的作者,指向x并在另一个函数中与paste()函数结合使用:

 z.spam <- sapply(spam.docs, function(p) count.word(paste(x.path,p,sep = ""),         "keyword"))

此处,count.word()函数是包含get.msg()的函数。因此,paste()函数导致问题,因为它导致x.path显然被视为原子数组,并且给出了$不能与原子数组一起使用的错误。根据较旧的StackOverflow Q&amp; A,我将列引用的方式更改为path[,18](评估为x.path[,18],因此与x[,18]相同。)

然后我做了一些检查以确保x.path[,18]x.path$email具有相同的信息。但是,当我尝试运行代码时,我在get.msg(x.path)上收到一条错误消息,即:

Error in path[,18] : incorrect number of dimensions.

我尝试了path[,'email'],然后是path[18,],然后只是path,而这三个导致了同样的错误。我试过path[[1]][[18]],这给了我一个下标超出界限的错误。

有什么想法吗?

III。采取措施使这个问题变得好

为了避免让任何人烦恼并获得任何投票,我确认该主题与StackOverflow相关,我觉得它可能与将来处理此类或类似编程问题的其他人有关。我也花了将近一个小时在线研究这个问题并在R中尝试修复它。

对此错误消息有很多引用,但原因似乎非常多样且完全不相关(例如网络故障等)。最后,我花了大量时间编辑这个问题,试图使其可读和格式正确(我希望我没事,我知道这是很多信息)。

IV。 head()dput()

的输出

有些人非常乐于助人,他们要求查看head(x.path)dput(x.path)的输出。我不介意,除了它是公司的机密电子邮件数据,如果我发布它,我将失业并被起诉。 ;-)

我已将其粘贴在此处,并使用虚假信息替换了真实信息。我希望这没关系。我最初尝试使用dput(),如果你愿意,我可以这样做,但它确实是一个绝大多数的数据。这是head(x.path)

> head(x.path)
[1] "c(\"Z12e3317e4b1jZbbajZ9Zdd6\", \"Z12e3317e4b1jZbbajZ99124\", \"Z12e331Ze4b1jZbbajZ996dd\", \"Z12e3319e4b1jZbbajZ9acb6\", \"Z12e3319e4b1jZbbajZ9ad3b\", \"Z12e3319e4b1jZbbajZ9adjd\", \"Z12e3319e4b1jZbbajZ9aebZ\", \"Z12e3319e4b1jZbbajZ9aj23\", \"Z12e3319e4b1jZbbajZ9b22b\", \"Z12e3319e4b1jZbbajZ9b42a\", \"Z12e3319e4b1jZbbajZ9b49a\", \"Z12e331ae4b1jZbbajZ9bZ11\", \"Z12e331ae4b1jZbbajZ9bZZ4\", \"Z12e331ae4b1jZbbajZ9c237\", \"Z12e331ae4b1jZbbajZ9c2e4\", \"Z12e331ae4b1jZbbajZ9c3bZ\", \"Z12e331ae4b1jZbbajZ9c3cZ\", \"Z12e331ae4b1jZbbajZ9cZ31\", \n\"Z12e331be4b1jZbbajZ9cddd\", \"Z12e331be4b1jZbbajZ9cja6\", \"Z12e331ce4b1jZbbajZ9da1j\", \"Z12e331de4b1jZbbajZ9e649\", \"Z12e331de4b1jZbbajZ9j669\", \"Z12e331de4b1jZbbajZ9jZZZ\", \"Z12e331ee4b1jZbbajZ9j944\", \"Z12e331ee4b1jZbbajZ9jcZa\", \"Z12e331ee4b1jZbbajZ9jd4c\", \"Z12e331ee4b1jZbbajZa11e2\", \"Z12e331ee4b1jZbbajZa1291\", \"Z12e331ee4b1jZbbajZa1344\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa1j73\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa1131\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa11Z6\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa124c\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa1Zbc\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa19a9\", \n\"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa1ac2\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa1b79\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa1db2\", \"Z12e3311e4b1jZbbajZa1ejb\", \"Z12e3312e4b1jZbbajZa2333\", \"Z12e3312e4b1jZbbajZa23aZ\", \"Z12e3312e4b1jZbbajZa24bb\", \"Z12e3312e4b1jZbbajZa2Z79\", \"Z12e3312e4b1jZbbajZa2Zea\", \"Z12e3312e4b1jZbbajZa2ba9\", \"Z12e3312e4b1jZbbajZa2cZa\", \"Z12e3313e4b1jZbbajZa3bc1\", \"Z12e3313e4b1jZbbajZa3ca9\", \"Z12e3313e4b1jZbbajZa3e71\", \"Z12e3ajbe4b1j66Zbcja4eZc\", \"Z12e3ajbe4b1j66Zbcja4ja4\", \"Z12e3c79e4b1j66ZbcjaZc36\", \"Z12e3e1ce4b1j66Zbcja64bd\", \n\"Z12e4117e4b1j66Zbcja6Zj1\", \"Z12e41bae4b1j66Zbcja734Z\", \"Z12e4226e4b1j66Zbcja7b13\", \"Z12e4226e4b1j66Zbcja7cbZ\", \"Z12e4ajee4b1j66Zbcjaa916\", \"Z12e4e61e4b1j66Zbcjab1c2\", \"Z12e4e61e4b1j66Zbcjab2da\", \"Z12eZ226e4b1j66ZbcjacZea\", \"Z12e6141e4b1j66Zbcjb19Z9\", \"Z12e6141e4b1j66Zbcjb19jd\", \"Z12e61Z9e4b1j66Zbcjb1acb\", \"Z12e61Z9e4b1j66Zbcjb1acj\", \"Z12j9713e4b1j66Zbcjc34db\", \"Z12j9713e4b1j66Zbcjc3ZZa\", \"Z12j9713e4b1j66Zbcjc3Za7\", \"Z12j9713e4b1j66Zbcjc3Zd2\", \"Z12j9713e4b1j66Zbcjc36c2\", \"Z12j973ce4b1j66Zbcjc396b\"\n)"
[2] "c(\"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \n\"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\", \"Something\")"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
[3] "c(61Z7, 674Z, Z462, 692, Z26, 1121, 1213, 1317, 21ZZ, 2Z9Z, 2711, 3612, 3717, 4774, 4Z93, Z117, Z113, Z197, Z77Z, 61Z3, Z16Z, 11771, 12923, 13374, 13Z93, 14277, 1446Z, 1Z3ZZ, 1ZZ16, 1Z993, 164Z2, 16664, 1711Z, 171Z6, 1Z6ZZ, 1Z921, 19211, 193ZZ, 19931, 21117, 21164, 21177, 21371, 21Z61, 21673, 22ZZ7, 23137, 2ZZ44, 26166, 26Z1Z, 173Z6, 17661, 21Z74, 23119, 232ZZ, 249Z3, 2ZZ31, 261Z9, 31211, 33414, 336Z6, 37941, 1743, 1Z61, 216Z, 2171, 1ZZ3, 2119, 21Z4, 2129, 2334, 2ZZZ)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
[4] "c(\"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \n\"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\", \"Booty\")"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
[5] "c(Z6, 93Z, 1314, 3, 4, Z, 6, 7, 9, 11, 11, 13, 14, 2Z, 26, 27, 2Z, 29, 33, 34, ZZ, Z3, 122, 12Z, 133, 139, 142, 147, 1Z2, 1Z3, 16Z, 169, 171, 171, 219, 221, 221, 222, 22Z, 226, 244, 246, 247, 24Z, 249, 2637, 264, 2Z9, 292, 296, 49, Z1, 76, 93, 9Z, 112, 111, 114, 1Z7, 211, 214, 263, 6, 7, 11, 11, 11, 11, 12, 13, 14, 1Z)"                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
[6] "c(3Z11, 3Z11, 3Z11, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, 691Z, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, Z664, 66Z1, 66Z1, 66Z1, 66Z1, 4ZZ4, 4ZZ4, 4ZZ4, 4ZZ4, 4ZZ4, 4ZZ4)"       

如果要向您展示更多内容,那么您会看到[18]的消息正文。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

你的例子对我来说有点复杂,但是我已经多次犯了这个错误,问题一直是由于提取函数的默认行为(即[])强制降到最低可能的尺寸数量。正如BondedDust观察到的那样,如果从数据框中提取单个列,则无法再使用相同的语法选择帧的子集,因为您不再拥有数据框。

如果在将数据帧减少到单个列的任何操作中,在提取操作中设置参数drop = FALSE,则这些问题经常会消失。我建议您不仅要仔细查看产生错误的行,还要仔细查看&#34; []&#34;操作用于问题数据框。查看提取函数的数据框方法的帮助,&#34; extract.data.frame&#34; 相信问题可能是当您将数据框子集化到单个列时,它会被强制转换为单个维度,并且不能再按列号或行号索引。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

这可能应该是一个评论,但它不适合我,如果有必要,我准备删除。你说

“因此,粘贴功能导致问题,因为它导致x.path显然被视为原子数组,并且给出了$不能与原子数组一起使用的错误。根据较旧的StackOverflow Q&amp; A,我改变了我将列引用到路径[,18]的方式(其被评估为x.path [,18],因此与x [,18]相同)。“

如果x.path是一个原子数组,那么你不能使用x.path[ , 18],而是需要使用x.path[18]

您可以使用str(x.path)检查x.path,并且您的输出表明它确实是一个字符向量。在R中,只有具有两个维度的对象(矩阵和data.frames)可以用object [,n]引用引用。