所有测试都工作正常，直到我在Hartl教程的section 9.2中对我的rspec测试进行了最后一次更改。那时我的user_pages_spec.rb和application_pages_spec.rb中的所有相关测试都失败了。
我已经检查了网站，并且现实生活中没有出现故障 - 所以我认为测试套件试图模拟用户的方式存在问题 - 这是我改变的意义所在。
有一点需要注意 - 我已经调整了一些Hartl教程，但大多数都是化妆品或次要的 - 这里唯一可能重要的是我使用用户名代替电子邮件进行登录和查找。
完整的文件在下面 - 真的很感激任何帮助，因为我现在已经撞墙几个小时了，而且它变得非常令人沮丧。
规格/支持/ utilities.rb：
def full_title(page_title)
base_title = "nsent"
if page_title.empty?
base_title
else
"#{base_title} | #{page_title}"
end
end
def sign_in(user)
visit signin_path
fill_in "Name", with: user.name
fill_in "Password", with: user.password
click_button "Sign in"
# Sign in when not using Capybara as well.
cookies[:remember_token] = user.remember_token
end
规格/支持/ factories.rb：
FactoryGirl.define do
factory :user do
name "Example User"
email "user@example.com"
password "foobar"
password_confirmation "foobar"
end
end
user_pages_spec.rb：
require 'spec_helper'
describe "User pages" do
subject { page }
describe "signup" do
before { visit signup_path }
describe "should have the right title and heading" do
it { should have_selector('h1', text: "Sign up") }
it { should have_selector('title', text: full_title("Sign up")) }
end
let(:submit) { "Sign up" }
describe "with invalid information" do
it "should not create a user" do
expect { click_button submit }.not_to change(User, :count)
end
describe "after submission" do
before {click_button submit }
it { should have_selector('title', text: "Sign up") }
it { should have_content('field') }
end
end
describe "with valid information" do
before do
fill_in "Name", with: "Example User"
fill_in "Email", with: "user@example.com"
fill_in "Password", with: "foobar"
fill_in "Password confirmation", with: "foobar"
end
it "should create a user" do
expect { click_button submit }.to change(User, :count).by(1)
end
describe "after saving the user" do
before { click_button submit }
let(:user) { User.find_by_email('user@example.com') }
it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-success', text: 'welcome') }
it { should have_link('Sign out') }
end
end
end
describe "profile page" do
let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
before { visit user_path(user) }
it { should have_selector('h1', text: user.name) }
it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
end
describe "edit" do
let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
before do
sign_in user
visit edit_user_path(user)
end
describe "page" do
it { should have_selector('h1', text: "Update your profile") }
it { should have_selector('title', text: "Edit user") }
it { should have_link('Change Profile Picture', href: 'http://gravatar.com/emails') }
end
describe "with invalid information" do
before { click_button "Save changes" }
it { should have_content('Whoops') }
end
describe "with valid information" do
let(:new_name) { "New Name" }
let(:new_email) { "new@example.com" }
before do
fill_in "Name", with: new_name
fill_in "Password", with: user.password
fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
fill_in "Email", with: new_email
click_button "Save changes"
end
it { should have_selector('title', text: new_name) }
it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-success') }
it { should have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }
specify { user.reload.name.should == new_name }
specify { user.reload.email.should == new_email }
end
end
end
user_pages_spec.rb失败（从终端输出）：
Failures:
1) User pages edit with invalid information
Failure/Error: before { click_button "Save changes" }
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
no button with value or id or text 'Save changes' found
# (eval):2:in `click_button'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:75:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
2) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
3) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
4) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
5) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
6) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
7) User pages edit page
Failure/Error: it { should have_selector('title', text: "Edit user") }
expected css "title" with text "Edit user" to return something
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:70:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
8) User pages edit page
Failure/Error: it { should have_link('Change Profile Picture', href: 'http://gravatar.com/emails') }
expected link "Change Profile Picture" to return something
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:71:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
9) User pages edit page
Failure/Error: it { should have_selector('h1', text: "Update your profile") }
expected css "h1" with text "Update your profile" to return something
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:69:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
Finished in 1.06 seconds
20 examples, 9 failures
Failed examples:
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:77 # User pages edit with invalid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:91 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:93 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:92 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:94 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:70 # User pages edit page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:71 # User pages edit page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:69 # User pages edit page
application_pages_spec.rb：
require 'spec_helper'
describe "Authentication" do
subject { page }
describe "signin page" do
before { visit signin_path }
it { should have_selector('h1', text: 'Sign in') }
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
end
describe "signin" do
before { visit signin_path }
describe "with invalid information" do
before { click_button "Sign in" }
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-error', text: 'Invalid') }
describe "after visiting another page" do
before { click_link "nsent"}
it { should_not have_selector('div.alert.alert-error') }
end
end
describe "with valid information" do
let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
before { sign_in user }
it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
it { should have_link('Profile', href: user_path(user)) }
it { should have_link('Settings', href: edit_user_path(user)) }
it { should have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }
it { should_not have_link('Sign in', href: signin_path) }
describe "followed by signout" do
before { click_link "Sign out" }
it { should have_link('Sign in', href: signin_path) }
it { should_not have_link('Profile', href: user_path(user)) }
it { should_not have_link('Settings', href: edit_user_path(user)) }
it { should_not have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }
end
end
end
describe "authorization" do
describe "for non-signed-in users" do
let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
describe "in the Users controller" do
describe "visiting the edit page" do
before { visit edit_user_path(user) }
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
end
describe "submitting to the update action" do
before { put user_path(user) }
specify { response.should redirect_to(signin_path) }
end
end
end
end
end
applications_pages_spec.rb失败（从终端输出）：
Failures:
1) Authentication signin with valid information
Failure/Error: it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
expected css "title" with text "Example User" to return something
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:33:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
2) Authentication signin with valid information
Failure/Error: it { should have_link('Settings', href: edit_user_path(user)) }
expected link "Settings" to return something
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:35:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
3) Authentication signin with valid information
Failure/Error: it { should have_link('Profile', href: user_path(user)) }
expected link "Profile" to return something
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
4) Authentication signin with valid information
Failure/Error: it { should_not have_link('Sign in', href: signin_path) }
expected link "Sign in" not to return anything
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:37:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
5) Authentication signin with valid information
Failure/Error: it { should have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }
expected link "Sign out" to return something
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:36:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
6) Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout
Failure/Error: before { click_link "Sign out" }
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
no link with title, id or text 'Sign out' found
# (eval):2:in `click_link'
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:40:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
7) Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout
Failure/Error: before { click_link "Sign out" }
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
no link with title, id or text 'Sign out' found
# (eval):2:in `click_link'
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:40:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
8) Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout
Failure/Error: before { click_link "Sign out" }
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
no link with title, id or text 'Sign out' found
# (eval):2:in `click_link'
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:40:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
9) Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout
Failure/Error: before { click_link "Sign out" }
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
no link with title, id or text 'Sign out' found
# (eval):2:in `click_link'
# ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:40:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
10) User pages edit with invalid information
Failure/Error: before { click_button "Save changes" }
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
no button with value or id or text 'Save changes' found
# (eval):2:in `click_button'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:75:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
11) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
12) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
13) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
14) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
15) User pages edit with valid information
Failure/Error: fill_in "Password confirmation", with: user.password
Capybara::ElementNotFound:
cannot fill in, no text field, text area or password field with id, name, or label 'Password confirmation' found
# (eval):2:in `fill_in'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:86:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
16) User pages edit page
Failure/Error: it { should have_selector('title', text: "Edit user") }
expected css "title" with text "Edit user" to return something
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:70:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
17) User pages edit page
Failure/Error: it { should have_link('Change Profile Picture', href: 'http://gravatar.com/emails') }
expected link "Change Profile Picture" to return something
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:71:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
18) User pages edit page
Failure/Error: it { should have_selector('h1', text: "Update your profile") }
expected css "h1" with text "Update your profile" to return something
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:69:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
Finished in 1.53 seconds
36 examples, 18 failures
Failed examples:
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:33 # Authentication signin with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:35 # Authentication signin with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:34 # Authentication signin with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:37 # Authentication signin with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:36 # Authentication signin with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:42 # Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:44 # Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:41 # Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout
rspec ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:43 # Authentication signin with valid information followed by signout
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:77 # User pages edit with invalid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:91 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:93 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:92 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:94 # User pages edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:70 # User pages edit page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:71 # User pages edit page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:69 # User pages edit page
答案 0 :(得分：1)
使用describe定义块时，需要将页面访问步骤放入。describe类型重置后续步骤的上下文。
describe "with invalid information" do
before do
visit edit_user_path(user)
click_button "Save changes"
end
it { should have_content('Whoops') }
end
在RSpec中定义子步骤时，请改用it。