我正在开发一个WPF应用程序，其窗口大小和组件位置必须在初始化时动态计算，因为它们基于我使用的主UserControl大小和一些其他次要大小设置。所以，目前，我已将这些常量值放在我的Window代码中，如下所示：
public const Double MarginInner = 6D;
public const Double MarginOuter = 10D;
public const Double StrokeThickness = 3D;
public static readonly Double TableHeight = (StrokeThickness * 2D) + (MarginInner * 3D) + (MyUC.RealHeight * 2.5D);
public static readonly Double TableLeft = (MarginOuter * 3D) + MyUC.RealHeight + MarginInner;
public static readonly Double TableTop = MarginOuter + MyUC.RealHeight + MarginInner;
public static readonly Double TableWidth = (StrokeThickness * 2D) + (MyUC.RealWidth * 6D) + (MarginInner * 7D);
public static readonly Double LayoutHeight = (TableTop * 2D) + TableHeight;
public static readonly Double LayoutWidth = TableLeft + TableWidth + MarginOuter;
然后，我只是在我的XAML中使用它们，如下所示：
<Window x:Class="MyNS.MainWindow" ResizeMode="NoResize" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight">
<Canvas x:Name="m_Layout" Height="{x:Static ns:MainWindow.LayoutHeight}" Width="{x:Static ns:MainWindow.LayoutWidth}">
嗯......没什么好说的。它的工作原理......但是看起来太丑了，我想知道是否有更好的解决方案。我不知道......可能是一个设置文件，绑定，内联XAML计算或其他任何东西......它会让它看起来更好。
答案 0 :(得分：4)
我通常将所有静态我的应用程序设置放在一个称为通用的静态或单例类中，例如ApplicationSettings（如果值仅由MainWindowSettings使用，则为MainWindow）< / p>
如果这些值是用户可配置的，它们会进入app.config并加载到静态类的构造函数中。如果没有，我只是在我的静态类中对它们进行硬编码，以便以后很容易找到/更改。
public static class ApplicationSettings
{
public static Double MarginInner { get; private set; }
public static Double MarginOuter { get; private set; }
public static Double StrokeThickness { get; private set; }
static ApplicationSettings()
{
MarginInner = 6D;
MarginOuter = 10D;
StrokeThickness = 3D;
}
}
对于XAML中的计算值，我通常使用我编写的MathConverter，它允许我使用数学表达式编写绑定，并将值传递给使用。
我在博客上发布的版本仅为IValueConverter，但很容易扩展为IMultiValueConverter，因此可以接受多个绑定值。
<Setter Property="Height">
<Setter.Value>
<MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource MathMultiConverter}"
ConverterParameter="(@VALUE1 * 2D) + (@VALUE2 * 3D) + (@VALUE3 * 2.5D)">
<Binding RelativeSource="{x:Static ns:ApplicationSettings.StrokeThickness }" />
<Binding RelativeSource="{x:Static ns:ApplicationSettings.MarginInner}" />
<Binding ElementName="MyUc" Path="ActualHeight" />
</MultiBinding>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
通常情况下，我会将所有这些凌乱的XAML隐藏在某个Style中，所以它不会使我的主要XAML代码混乱，只需在需要的地方应用样式。
以下是我用于IMultiValueConvter
// Does a math equation on a series of bound values.
// Use @VALUEN in your mathEquation as a substitute for bound values, where N is the 0-based index of the bound value
// Operator order is parenthesis first, then Left-To-Right (no operator precedence)
public class MathMultiConverter : IMultiValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
// Remove spaces
var mathEquation = parameter as string;
mathEquation = mathEquation.Replace(" ", "");
// Loop through values to substitute placeholders for values
// Using a backwards loop to avoid replacing something like @VALUE10 with @VALUE1
for (var i = (values.Length - 1); i >= 0; i--)
mathEquation = mathEquation.Replace(string.Format("@VALUE{0}", i), values[i].ToString());
// Return result of equation
return MathConverterHelpers.RunEquation(ref mathEquation);
}
public object[] ConvertBack(object value, Type[] targetTypes, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
public static class MathConverterHelpers
{
private static readonly char[] _allOperators = new[] { '+', '-', '*', '/', '%', '(', ')' };
private static readonly List<string> _grouping = new List<string> { "(", ")" };
private static readonly List<string> _operators = new List<string> { "+", "-", "*", "/", "%" };
public static double RunEquation(ref string mathEquation)
{
// Validate values and get list of numbers in equation
var numbers = new List<double>();
double tmp;
foreach (string s in mathEquation.Split(_allOperators))
{
if (s != string.Empty)
{
if (double.TryParse(s, out tmp))
{
numbers.Add(tmp);
}
else
{
// Handle Error - Some non-numeric, operator, or grouping character found in string
throw new InvalidCastException();
}
}
}
// Begin parsing method
EvaluateMathString(ref mathEquation, ref numbers, 0);
// After parsing the numbers list should only have one value - the total
return numbers[0];
}
// Evaluates a mathematical string and keeps track of the results in a List<double> of numbers
private static void EvaluateMathString(ref string mathEquation, ref List<double> numbers, int index)
{
// Loop through each mathemtaical token in the equation
string token = GetNextToken(mathEquation);
while (token != string.Empty)
{
// Remove token from mathEquation
mathEquation = mathEquation.Remove(0, token.Length);
// If token is a grouping character, it affects program flow
if (_grouping.Contains(token))
{
switch (token)
{
case "(":
EvaluateMathString(ref mathEquation, ref numbers, index);
break;
case ")":
return;
}
}
// If token is an operator, do requested operation
if (_operators.Contains(token))
{
// If next token after operator is a parenthesis, call method recursively
string nextToken = GetNextToken(mathEquation);
if (nextToken == "(")
{
EvaluateMathString(ref mathEquation, ref numbers, index + 1);
}
// Verify that enough numbers exist in the List<double> to complete the operation
// and that the next token is either the number expected, or it was a ( meaning
// that this was called recursively and that the number changed
if (numbers.Count > (index + 1) &&
(double.Parse(nextToken) == numbers[index + 1] || nextToken == "("))
{
switch (token)
{
case "+":
numbers[index] = numbers[index] + numbers[index + 1];
break;
case "-":
numbers[index] = numbers[index] - numbers[index + 1];
break;
case "*":
numbers[index] = numbers[index] * numbers[index + 1];
break;
case "/":
numbers[index] = numbers[index] / numbers[index + 1];
break;
case "%":
numbers[index] = numbers[index] % numbers[index + 1];
break;
}
numbers.RemoveAt(index + 1);
}
else
{
// Handle Error - Next token is not the expected number
throw new FormatException("Next token is not the expected number");
}
}
token = GetNextToken(mathEquation);
}
}
// Gets the next mathematical token in the equation
private static string GetNextToken(string mathEquation)
{
// If we're at the end of the equation, return string.empty
if (mathEquation == string.Empty)
{
return string.Empty;
}
// Get next operator or numeric value in equation and return it
string tmp = "";
foreach (char c in mathEquation)
{
if (_allOperators.Contains(c))
{
return (tmp == "" ? c.ToString() : tmp);
}
else
{
tmp += c;
}
}
return tmp;
}
}
但老实说，如果这些值仅用于单一形式，那么我只需在视图后面的代码中设置Loaded事件中的值：）
答案 1 :(得分：2)
将那些静态的放在app.config中，它们会更清晰。
使用app.config，您首先必须引用System.Configuration。
然后你可以这样做（可能涉及一些类型转换）：
ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MarginInner"];
要检索：
<configuration>
<appsettings>
<add key="MarginInner" value="6D" />
</appsettings>
</configuration>
然后可能有一个静态类来保存动态计算，例如：
public class CalculationHelper
{
//your dynamic properties in here
}
答案 2 :(得分：1)
mattytommo的答案只能解决你所拥有的常数值（边距和笔画粗细），而不是计算字段。
我会与Matty所说的一样，添加一个设置类，从app.config文件中检索常量值，并进行所需的相应计算，然后我可以在XAML中引用相应的属性
即。
{ Settings.MainWindow.LayoutWidth }
编辑：
看起来Matty看起来和他在我发帖之间的编辑一样;）