使用OneToOne / Foreign Fields

时间：2013-03-27 00:57:12

标签： python django

我整整一周都在苦苦挣扎，我需要一劳永逸地休息。这可能看起来像很多代码，但核心是一个简单的概念问题。

我有一个模型UserProfile，它包含以下字段：

user = models.OneToOneField(User)
weekOne = models.OneToOneField(WeekOne)
weekTwo = models.OneToOneField(WeekTwo)

WeekOne和WeekTwo都是具有自己的唯一字段（models.Model）的模型，这些字段继承自名为Week的自定义类。 Week只有一些自定义函数来保存每周重新键入的方法，以及下面的代码使它成为一个抽象类：

class Meta:
    abstract = True

基本上，我希望每个用户都有一个独特的weekOne和weekTwo（及以上）字段，该字段具有自定义字段，其中包含用户唯一的值。

当我第一次创建用户时（即他们注册时），我在views.py中使用以下代码：

def signup(request):
    user_form = UserCreateForm(data=request.POST)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        if user_form.is_valid():
            username = user_form.clean_username()
            password = user_form.clean_password2()
            user_form.save()
            user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
            login(request, user)
            return redirect('/')
        else:
            return index(request, user_form=user_form)
    return redirect('/')

基本表格注册的东西，一切都在这里工作得很好。

现在，事情变得冒险了。我有一个关于weekOne的视图，它确保已创建用户的配置文件，如果没有，则创建一个，其代码如下：

@login_required
def workout1(request):
    template = "workout1.html"
    weekOne = WeekOne()
    weekOne.save()
    user, created = UserProfile.objects.get_or_create(user=request.user,
            defaults = {'weekOne': weekOne})
    name = weekOne.__unicode__()

    if created:
        context = {'user': user}
        return render(request, template, context)

    # Grab already existing User Profile
    weekOne.delete() # Was never used
    context = {'user': user, 'name': name}
    return render(request, template, context)

好。这太酷了。但是当我尝试第一周的页面时，我收到以下错误：

workout_game_app_userprofile.weekTwo_id may not be NULL

这是我迷失的地方。我是否应该为每周视图初始化每周变量？即，对于第一周的观点，我应该做这样的代码：

weekOne = WeekOne()
weekTwo = WeekTwo()
weekThree = WeekThree()

等？如果我必须在我计划实施的所有12周内完成它，这似乎是荒谬的重复。

顺便说一句，在我实施第二周之前，我的模型运作良好。

另外，OneToOne是否是正确使用的密钥？我想做一些事情，比如访问user.weekOne.item1，user.weekOne.item2等，并仅为该用户更改和保存它们的值。

UPDATE：对于Sidharth Shah，这是我的观点和模型中的其余代码：

views.py：

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.contrib.auth import login, authenticate, logout
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from workout_game_app.forms import AuthenticateForm, UserCreateForm
from workout_game_app.models import WeekOne, WeekTwo, UserProfile
from django.http import Http404, HttpResponse
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from django.core import serializers
import simplejson


def index(request, auth_form=None, user_form=None):
    if request.user.is_authenticated():
        user = request.user
        name = "Missions Overview"
        context = {'user': user, 'name': name}
        template = 'workouts.html'
        return render(request, template, context)
    else:
        auth_form = auth_form or AuthenticateForm()
        user_form = user_form or UserCreateForm()
        template = 'index.html'
        context = {'auth_form': auth_form, 'user_form': user_form}
        return render(request, template, context)

def login_view(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = AuthenticateForm(data=request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            login(request, form.get_user())
            return redirect('/')
        else:
            return index(request, auth_form=form)
    return redirect('/')


def signup(request):
    user_form = UserCreateForm(data=request.POST)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        if user_form.is_valid():
            username = user_form.clean_username()
            password = user_form.clean_password2()
            user_form.save()
            user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
            login(request, user)
            return redirect('/')
        else:
            return index(request, user_form=user_form)
    return redirect('/')

@login_required
def submitWorkout1(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        exercise = request.POST['exercise']
        try:
            amount = request.POST['amount']
        except KeyError: # No amount field on form
            amount = ""
        user = UserProfile.objects.get(user=request.user)
        week = user.weekOne
        exercise, amount, exerciseComplete, allComplete = user.updateExercise(week, exercise, amount)
        data = simplejson.dumps({
            'result': 'success',
            'exercise': exercise,
            'amount': amount,
            'exerciseComplete': exerciseComplete,
            'allComplete': allComplete
            }, indent=4)
        return HttpResponse(data)


@login_required
def workout2(request):
    template = "workout2.html"
    weekTwo = WeekTwo()
    weekTwo.save()
    user, created = UserProfile.objects.get_or_create(user=request.user,
            defaults = {'weekTwo': weekTwo})
    name = weekTwo.__unicode__()

    if created:
        context = {'user': user}
        return render(request, template, context)

    # Grab already existing User Profile
    weekTwo.delete() # Was never used
    context = {'user': user, 'name': name}
    return render(request, template, context)

@login_required
def submitWorkout2(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        exercise = request.POST['exercise']
        try:
            amount = request.POST['amount']
        except KeyError: # No amount field on form
            amount = ""
        user = UserProfile.objects.get(user=request.user)
        week = user.weekTwo
        exercise, amount, exerciseComplete, allComplete = user.updateExercise(week, exercise, amount)
        data = simplejson.dumps({
            'result': 'success',
            'exercise': exercise,
            'amount': amount,
            'exerciseComplete': exerciseComplete,
            'allComplete': allComplete
            }, indent=4)
        return HttpResponse(data)

和models.py: 

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Week(models.Model):
    # List of exercises by name for the week
    exercises = []
    # Week name in unicode
    name = u''

    # Running count of benchmarks met.
    completeCount = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=0)
    # Set to true if benchmarks reached. 
    weekComplete = models.BooleanField(default=False)
        # A bunch of methods

class WeekOne(Week):
    name = u'Mission One'
    exercises = ['squats', 'lunges', 'stairDaysCount', 'skipStairs']
    # Required benchmarks for given exercises
    squatBenchmark = 1000
    lungeBenchmark = 250
    stairDaysCountBenchmark = 3

    totalGoals = 4

    squats = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
    lunges = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
    skipStairs = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    stairDaysCount = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=0)
    # A bunch of methods

class WeekTwo(Week):
    name = u'Mission Two'
    exercises = ['up3Levels', 'noHands', 'treadmill', 'vagMachine', 'extendedStairs']
    totalGoals = 5

    up3Levels = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    noHands = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    treadmill = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    vagMachine = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    extendedStairs = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    # A bunch of methods

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    weekOne = models.OneToOneField(WeekOne, null=True, default=None)
    weekTwo = models.OneToOneField(WeekTwo, null=True, default=None)
    # Some methods

并且，虽然它工作正常，但我的forms.py是好的措施：

from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm, UserCreationForm
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django import forms
from django.utils.html import strip_tags

class UserCreateForm(UserCreationForm):
    username = forms.CharField(required=True,
            widget = forms.widgets.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Username'}))
    password1 = forms.CharField(required=True,
            widget = forms.widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Password'}))
    password2 = forms.CharField(required=True,
            widget = forms.widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Password'}))

    def is_valid(self):
        form = super(UserCreateForm, self).is_valid()
        for f, error in self.errors.iteritems():
            if f != '__all_':
                self.fields[f].widget.attrs.update({'class':'error', 'value':strip_tags(error)})
        return form

    class Meta:
        fields = ['username', 'password1', 'password2']
        model = User

class AuthenticateForm(AuthenticationForm):
    username = forms.CharField(
            widget = forms.widgets.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder':'Username'}))
    password2 = forms.CharField(
            widget = forms.widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'placeholder': 'Password'}))

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：1)

您可能希望拥有以下型号

user = models.OneToOneField(User)
weekOne = models.OneToOneField(WeekOne, null=True, default=None)
weekTwo = models.OneToOneField(WeekTwo, null=True, default=None)

尝试一下，它应该工作。查看上面的代码，您将定义字段weekOne，weekTwo等。我不确定的是，如果您在创建它时分配所有必需字段weekOne对象。

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