是否有Python defaultdict
的.NET模拟?我发现编写短代码很有用,例如。计算频率:
>>> words = "to be or not to be".split()
>>> print words
['to', 'be', 'or', 'not', 'to', 'be']
>>> from collections import defaultdict
>>> frequencies = defaultdict(int)
>>> for word in words:
... frequencies[word] += 1
...
>>> print frequencies
defaultdict(<type 'int'>, {'not': 1, 'to': 2, 'or': 1, 'be': 2})
理想情况下,在C#中我可以写:
var frequencies = new DefaultDictionary<string,int>(() => 0);
foreach(string word in words)
{
frequencies[word] += 1
}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
我认为没有相应的东西,但鉴于你的例子,你可以用LINQ做到这一点:
var words = new List<string>{ "One", "Two", "Three", "One" };
var frequencies = words.GroupBy (w => w).ToDictionary (w => w.Key, w => w.Count());
答案 1 :(得分:4)
这是一个简单的实现:
public class DefaultDictionary<TKey, TValue> : Dictionary<TKey, TValue> where TValue : new()
{
public new TValue this[TKey key]
{
get
{
TValue val;
if (!TryGetValue(key, out val))
{
val = new TValue();
Add(key, val);
}
return val;
}
set { base[key] = value; }
}
}
以及如何使用它:
var dict = new DefaultDictionary<string, int>();
Debug.WriteLine(dict["foo"]); // prints "0"
dict["bar"] = 5;
Debug.WriteLine(dict["bar"]); // prints "5"
或者像这样:
var dict = new DefaultDictionary<string, List<int>>();
dict["foo"].Add(1);
dict["foo"].Add(2);
dict["foo"].Add(3);
答案 2 :(得分:3)
让你入门的东西。我基本上只是更改了this
索引器。由于我不知道python defaultdict
的完整功能,我无法进一步改进它。您的示例将起作用。
public class DefaultDictionary<TKey, TValue> : IDictionary<TKey,TValue>
{
private readonly Func<TValue> _defaultSelector;
private readonly Dictionary<TKey, TValue> _values = new Dictionary<TKey, TValue>();
public DefaultDictionary(Func<TValue> defaultSelector)
{
_defaultSelector = defaultSelector;
}
public IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> GetEnumerator()
{
return _values.GetEnumerator();
}
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return GetEnumerator();
}
public void Add(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item)
{
((IDictionary<TKey,TValue>)_values).Add(item);
}
public void Clear()
{
_values.Clear();
}
public bool Contains(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item)
{
return ((IDictionary<TKey,TValue>)_values).Contains(item);
}
public void CopyTo(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>[] array, int arrayIndex)
{
((IDictionary<TKey, TValue>)_values).CopyTo(array, arrayIndex);
}
public bool Remove(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item)
{
return ((IDictionary<TKey, TValue>)_values).Remove(item);
}
public int Count { get { return _values.Count; } }
public bool IsReadOnly { get { return ((IDictionary<TKey, TValue>) _values).IsReadOnly; } }
public bool ContainsKey(TKey key)
{
return _values.ContainsKey(key);
}
public void Add(TKey key, TValue value)
{
_values.Add(key, value);
}
public bool Remove(TKey key)
{
return _values.Remove(key);
}
public bool TryGetValue(TKey key, out TValue value)
{
return _values.TryGetValue(key, out value);
}
public TValue this[TKey key]
{
get
{
if (!_values.ContainsKey(key))
{
_values.Add(key, _defaultSelector());
}
return _values[key];
}
set
{
if(!_values.ContainsKey(key))
{
_values.Add(key, _defaultSelector());
}
_values[key] = value;
}
}
public ICollection<TKey> Keys { get { return _values.Keys; } }
public ICollection<TValue> Values { get { return _values.Values; } }
public Dictionary<TKey, TValue> ToDictionary()
{
return new Dictionary<TKey, TValue>(_values);
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:1)
ConcurrentDictionary (在System.Collections.Generic中)的行为非常相似(尽管是为同时使用而设计的)
要检索值: GetOrAdd方法返回键的值,如果不存在,则使用值工厂创建一个键。
要设置值: AddOrUpdate方法更新一个值,或者如果它不存在则设置它
优势:
缺点: