如何在Android设备中检测来电？

时间：2013-03-22 06:17:56

标签： android android-intent android-permissions incoming-call

我正在尝试创建一个应用程序，当有人打电话时，我想检测一下这个号码。以下是我尝试过的，但它没有检测来电。

我想在后台运行我的MainActivity，我该怎么做？

我已在manifest档案中获得了许可。

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>

我应该在清单中提供其他任何内容吗？

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.test_layout);
   }

   public class myPhoneStateChangeListener extends PhoneStateListener {
       @Override
       public void onCallStateChanged(int state, String incomingNumber) {
           super.onCallStateChanged(state, incomingNumber);
           if (state == TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING) {
               String phoneNumber =   incomingNumber;
           }
       }
   }
}

11 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：316)

以下是我用来做这件事的事情：

清单：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS"/>

<!--This part is inside the application-->
    <receiver android:name=".CallReceiver" >
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE" />
        </intent-filter>
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

我的基本可重用呼叫检测器

package com.gabesechan.android.reusable.receivers;

import java.util.Date;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;

public abstract class PhonecallReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    //The receiver will be recreated whenever android feels like it.  We need a static variable to remember data between instantiations

    private static int lastState = TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE;
    private static Date callStartTime;
    private static boolean isIncoming;
    private static String savedNumber;  //because the passed incoming is only valid in ringing


    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        //We listen to two intents.  The new outgoing call only tells us of an outgoing call.  We use it to get the number.
        if (intent.getAction().equals("android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL")) {
            savedNumber = intent.getExtras().getString("android.intent.extra.PHONE_NUMBER");
        }
        else{
            String stateStr = intent.getExtras().getString(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE);
            String number = intent.getExtras().getString(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
            int state = 0;
            if(stateStr.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE)){
                state = TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE;
            }
            else if(stateStr.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_OFFHOOK)){
                state = TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK;
            }
            else if(stateStr.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING)){
                state = TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING;
            }


            onCallStateChanged(context, state, number);
        }
    }

    //Derived classes should override these to respond to specific events of interest
    protected abstract void onIncomingCallReceived(Context ctx, String number, Date start);
    protected abstract void onIncomingCallAnswered(Context ctx, String number, Date start);
    protected abstract void onIncomingCallEnded(Context ctx, String number, Date start, Date end);

    protected abstract void onOutgoingCallStarted(Context ctx, String number, Date start);      
    protected abstract void onOutgoingCallEnded(Context ctx, String number, Date start, Date end);

    protected abstract void onMissedCall(Context ctx, String number, Date start);

    //Deals with actual events

    //Incoming call-  goes from IDLE to RINGING when it rings, to OFFHOOK when it's answered, to IDLE when its hung up
    //Outgoing call-  goes from IDLE to OFFHOOK when it dials out, to IDLE when hung up
    public void onCallStateChanged(Context context, int state, String number) {
        if(lastState == state){
            //No change, debounce extras
            return;
        }
        switch (state) {
            case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
                isIncoming = true;
                callStartTime = new Date();
                savedNumber = number;
                onIncomingCallReceived(context, number, callStartTime);
                break;
            case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
                //Transition of ringing->offhook are pickups of incoming calls.  Nothing done on them
                if(lastState != TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING){
                    isIncoming = false;
                    callStartTime = new Date();
                    onOutgoingCallStarted(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);                     
                }
                else
                {
                    isIncoming = true;
                    callStartTime = new Date();
                    onIncomingCallAnswered(context, savedNumber, callStartTime); 
                }

                break;
            case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
                //Went to idle-  this is the end of a call.  What type depends on previous state(s)
                if(lastState == TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING){
                    //Ring but no pickup-  a miss
                    onMissedCall(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
                }
                else if(isIncoming){
                    onIncomingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());                       
                }
                else{
                    onOutgoingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());                                               
                }
                break;
        }
        lastState = state;
    }
}

然后使用它，只需从中派生一个类并实现一些简单的函数，无论你关心哪种调用类型：

public class CallReceiver extends PhonecallReceiver {

    @Override
    protected void onIncomingCallReceived(Context ctx, String number, Date start)
    {
        //
    }

    @Override
    protected void onIncomingCallAnswered(Context ctx, String number, Date start)
    {
        //
    }

    @Override
    protected void onIncomingCallEnded(Context ctx, String number, Date start, Date end)
    {
        //
    }

    @Override
    protected void onOutgoingCallStarted(Context ctx, String number, Date start)
    {
        //
    } 

    @Override 
    protected void onOutgoingCallEnded(Context ctx, String number, Date start, Date end)
    {
        //
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMissedCall(Context ctx, String number, Date start)
    {
        //
    }

}

此外，您可以看到我所做的关于代码与blog上的代码相似的内容。要点链接：https://gist.github.com/ftvs/e61ccb039f511eb288ee

编辑：更新为更简单的代码，因为我已经重新编写了我自己使用的类

答案 1 :(得分：20)

private MyPhoneStateListener phoneStateListener = new MyPhoneStateListener();

注册

TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
telephonyManager.listen(phoneStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CALL_STATE);

并取消注册

TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
telephonyManager.listen(phoneStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_NONE);

答案 2 :(得分：8)

使用Android P - Api等级28： You need to get READ_CALL_LOG permission

限制访问通话记录

Android P将CALL_LOG权限组的READ_CALL_LOG，WRITE_CALL_LOG，PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS和PHONE权限移至新的CALL_LOG权限组。该群组可让用户更好地控制和查看需要访问有关电话的敏感信息的应用，例如阅读电话记录和识别电话号码。

要从PHONE_STATE意图操作中读取数字，您需要READ_CALL_LOG权限和READ_PHONE_STATE权限。 要从onCallStateChanged()读取数字，您现在只需要READ_CALL_LOG权限。您不再需要READ_PHONE_STATE权限。

答案 3 :(得分：6)

更新：Gabe Sechan发布的非常棒的代码不再有效，除非您明确要求用户授予必要的权限。以下是您可以在主活动中放置的一些代码，用于请求这些权限：

    if (getApplicationContext().checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // Permission has not been granted, therefore prompt the user to grant permission
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE},
                MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_PHONE_STATE);
    }

    if (getApplicationContext().checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        // Permission has not been granted, therefore prompt the user to grant permission
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                new String[]{Manifest.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS},
                MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS);
    }

另请注意：正如以下Gabe's post评论中提到的那样，您必须向接收方添加一小段代码android:enabled="true，以便在应用当前未运行时检测来电在前台：

    <!--This part is inside the application-->
    <receiver android:name=".CallReceiver" android:enabled="true">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE" />
        </intent-filter>
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

答案 4 :(得分：5)

这可能对您有所帮助，也可以添加必要的权限

public class PhoneListener extends PhoneStateListener
{
    private Context context;
    public static String getincomno;

    public PhoneListener(Context c) {
        Log.i("CallRecorder", "PhoneListener constructor");
        context = c;
    }

    public void onCallStateChanged (int state, String incomingNumber)
    {

        if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(incomingNumber)){
        // here for Outgoing number make null to get incoming number
        CallBroadcastReceiver.numberToCall = null;
        getincomno = incomingNumber;
        }

        switch (state) {
        case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:

            break;
        case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
            Log.d("CallRecorder", "CALL_STATE_RINGING");
            break;
        case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:

            break;
        }
    }
}

答案 5 :(得分：1)

这是一种简单的方法，可以避免使用PhonestateListener和其他并发症 所以我们在这里接收来自android的3个事件，例如RINGING，OFFHOOK和IDLE。为了获得所有可能的调用状态，我们需要定义自己的状态，如RINGING，OFFHOOK，IDLE，FIRST_CALL_RINGING，SECOND_CALL_RINGING。 它可以处理电话中的每个州 请想一想我们从android接收事件，我们将定义我们的通话状态。见代码。

public class CallListening  extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static final String TAG ="broadcast_intent";
    public static String incoming_number;
    private String current_state,previus_state,event;
    public static Boolean dialog= false;
    private Context context;
    private SharedPreferences sp,sp1;
    private SharedPreferences.Editor spEditor,spEditor1;
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //Log.d("intent_log", "Intent" + intent);
        dialog=true;
        this.context = context;
        event = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE);
        incoming_number = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
        Log.d(TAG, "The received event : "+event+", incoming_number : " + incoming_number);
        previus_state = getCallState(context);
        current_state = "IDLE";
        if(incoming_number!=null){
            updateIncomingNumber(incoming_number,context);
        }else {
            incoming_number=getIncomingNumber(context);
        }
        switch (event) {
            case "RINGING":
                Log.d(TAG, "State : Ringing, incoming_number : " + incoming_number);
            if((previus_state.equals("IDLE")) || (previus_state.equals("FIRST_CALL_RINGING"))){
                    current_state ="FIRST_CALL_RINGING";
                }
                if((previus_state.equals("OFFHOOK"))||(previus_state.equals("SECOND_CALL_RINGING"))){
                    current_state = "SECOND_CALL_RINGING";
                }

                break;
            case "OFFHOOK":
                Log.d(TAG, "State : offhook, incoming_number : " + incoming_number);
                if((previus_state.equals("IDLE")) ||(previus_state.equals("FIRST_CALL_RINGING")) || previus_state.equals("OFFHOOK")){
                    current_state = "OFFHOOK";
                }
                if(previus_state.equals("SECOND_CALL_RINGING")){
                    current_state ="OFFHOOK";
                    startDialog(context);
                }
                break;
            case "IDLE":
                Log.d(TAG, "State : idle and  incoming_number : " + incoming_number);
                if((previus_state.equals("OFFHOOK")) || (previus_state.equals("SECOND_CALL_RINGING")) || (previus_state.equals("IDLE"))){
                    current_state="IDLE";
                }
                if(previus_state.equals("FIRST_CALL_RINGING")){
                    current_state = "IDLE";
                    startDialog(context);
                }
                updateIncomingNumber("no_number",context);
                Log.d(TAG,"stored incoming number flushed");
                break;
        }
        if(!current_state.equals(previus_state)){
            Log.d(TAG, "Updating  state from "+previus_state +" to "+current_state);
            updateCallState(current_state,context);

        }
    }
    public void startDialog(Context context) {
        Log.d(TAG,"Starting Dialog box");
        Intent intent1 = new Intent(context, NotifyHangup.class);
        intent1.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        context.startActivity(intent1);

    }
    public void updateCallState(String state,Context context){
        sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
        spEditor = sp.edit();
        spEditor.putString("call_state", state);
        spEditor.commit();
        Log.d(TAG, "state updated");

    }
    public void updateIncomingNumber(String inc_num,Context context){
        sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
        spEditor = sp.edit();
        spEditor.putString("inc_num", inc_num);
        spEditor.commit();
        Log.d(TAG, "incoming number updated");
    }
    public String getCallState(Context context){
        sp1 = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
        String st =sp1.getString("call_state", "IDLE");
        Log.d(TAG,"get previous state as :"+st);
        return st;
    }
    public String getIncomingNumber(Context context){
        sp1 = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
        String st =sp1.getString("inc_num", "no_num");
        Log.d(TAG,"get incoming number as :"+st);
        return st;
    }
}

答案 6 :(得分：0)

@Gabe Sechan，谢谢你的代码。除onOutgoingCallEnded()外，它工作正常。它永远不会被执行。测试手机是三星S5＆amp;新潮。我认为有2个错误。

1：缺少一对括号。 

case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE: 
    // Went to idle-  this is the end of a call.  What type depends on previous state(s)
    if (lastState == TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING) {
        // Ring but no pickup-  a miss
        onMissedCall(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
    } else {
        // this one is missing
        if(isIncoming){
            onIncomingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());                       
        } else {
            onOutgoingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());                                               
        }
    }
    // this one is missing
    break;

2：如果lastState位于函数末尾，则state不会更新public void onCallStateChanged(Context context, int state, String number) { int lastStateTemp = lastState; lastState = state; // todo replace all the "lastState" by lastStateTemp from here. if (lastStateTemp == state) { //No change, debounce extras return; } //.... } 。它应该被

替换为该函数的第一行 
lastState

此外，我已根据您的建议将savedNumber和 A B C D E F 1 Bob Ken Henry 置于共享偏好设置中。

刚刚对上述更改进行了测试。至少在我的手机上修复了错误。

答案 7 :(得分：0)

请使用以下代码。它将帮助您获取带有其他通话详细信息的来电号码。

activity_main.xml 

$this->dbforge->add_field(array(
    'id' => array(
        'type' => 'INT',
        'constraint' => 5,
        'unsigned' => TRUE,
        'auto_increment' => TRUE
    ),
    'name' => array(
        'type' => 'VARCHAR',
        'constraint' => '50',
    ),
    'createdAt TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'
));

MainActivity.java 

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/call"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:layout_centerVertical="true"
    android:text="@string/hello_world" />

</RelativeLayout>

答案 8 :(得分：0)

只需更新Gabe Sechan的答案即可。如果您的清单要求获得对READ_CALL_LOG和READ_PHONE_STATE的许可，则onReceive将调用 TWICE 。其中一个包含EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER，另一个则没有。您必须测试其中有哪些，并且它可以按任何顺序发生。

https://developer.android.com/reference/android/telephony/TelephonyManager.html#ACTION_PHONE_STATE_CHANGED

答案 9 :(得分：0)

您需要一个ACTION_PHONE_STATE_CHANGED的BroadcastReceiver，这会在电话状态从空闲，响铃，摘机状态改变时呼叫您的接收者，因此从上一个值和新值中您可以检测到这是呼入还是呼出

所需权限为：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>

但是，如果您还想在该广播中接收EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER，则需要另一个权限：“ android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG”

和类似这样的代码：

val receiver: BroadcastReceiver = object : BroadcastReceiver() {
    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onReceive")
    }
}

override fun onResume() {
    val filter = IntentFilter()
    filter.addAction("android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE")
    registerReceiver(receiver, filter)
    super.onResume()
}

override fun onPause() {
    unregisterReceiver(receiver)
    super.onPause()
}

在接收器类中，我们可以通过读取如下意图获取当前状态：

intent.extras["state"]

临时演员的结果可能是：

正在响铃->如果您的电话正在响铃

OFFHOOK->如果您正在与某人交谈（传入或传出 致电）

IDLE->如果通话结束（来电或来话）

通过PHONE_STATE广播，我们无需使用PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS权限或不赞成使用的NEW_OUTGOING_CALL操作。

答案 10 :(得分：0)

我修复了 Gabe Sechan answer，我使用了以下代码并且它工作正常。 我注意到当接收者意图具有“incoming_number”键时，我可以获得电话号码。所以我过滤了传入的意图并使用 EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER 和 EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER 来获取电话号码。

public class ChangeCallStateListener extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private static String lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE;
    private static Date callStartTime;
    private static boolean isIncoming;
    private static String savedNumber;  //because the passed incoming is only valid in ringing

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.d("CallObserver", "CallReceiver is starting ....");

        List<String> keyList = new ArrayList<>();
        Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
        if (bundle != null) {
            keyList = new ArrayList<>(bundle.keySet());
            Log.e("CallObserver", "keys : " + keyList);
        }

        if (keyList.contains("incoming_number")) {
            String phoneState = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE);
            String phoneIncomingNumber = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
            String phoneOutgoingNumber = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER);

            String phoneNumber = phoneOutgoingNumber != null ? phoneOutgoingNumber : (phoneIncomingNumber != null ? phoneIncomingNumber : "");

            if (phoneState != null && phoneNumber != null) {
                if (lastState.equals(phoneState)) {
                    //No change, debounce extras
                    return;
                }
                Log.e("CallObserver", "phoneState = " + phoneState);
                if (TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING.equals(phoneState)) {
                    isIncoming = true;
                    callStartTime = new Date();
                    //
                    lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING;
                    if (phoneNumber != null) {
                        savedNumber = phoneNumber;
                    }


                    onIncomingCallStarted(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
                } else if (TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE.equals(phoneState)) {

                    if (lastState.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING)) {
                        //
                        lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE;
                        onMissedCall(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
                    } else {
                        if (isIncoming) {
                            //
                            lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE;
                            onIncomingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());
                        } else {
                            //
                            lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE;
                            Log.d("CallObserver", "onOutgoingCallEnded called !! : ");
                            onOutgoingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());
                        }

                    }
                } else if (TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_OFFHOOK.equals(phoneState)) {
                    if (lastState.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING)) {
                        isIncoming = true;
                    } else {
                        isIncoming = false;
                    }
                    callStartTime = new Date();
                    savedNumber = phoneNumber;
                    //
                    lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_OFFHOOK;
                    onOutgoingCallStarted(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
                }
            }
        }

    }


    protected void onIncomingCallStarted(Context ctx, String number, Date start) {
        Log.d("CallObserver", "onIncomingCallStarted  :  " + " number is  : " + number);
    }

    protected void onOutgoingCallStarted(Context ctx, String number, Date start) {
        Log.d("CallObserver", "onOutgoingCallStarted  :  " + " number is  : " + number);
    }

    protected void onIncomingCallEnded(Context context, String number, Date start, Date end) {
    }

    protected void onOutgoingCallEnded(Context context , String number, Date start, Date end) {
    }

    protected void onMissedCall(Context context, String number, Date start) {
    }

}

  • 不要忘记获得运行时权限。

      <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
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