Django(1.5)对我来说很好,但是当我启动Python解释器(Python 3)来检查某些东西时,我在尝试导入时遇到了最奇怪的错误 - from django.contrib.auth.models import User
-
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 36, in _setup
settings_module = os.environ[ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE]
File "/usr/lib/python3.2/os.py", line 450, in __getitem__
value = self._data[self.encodekey(key)]
KeyError: b'DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 8, in <module>
from django.db import models
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 11, in <module>
if settings.DATABASES and DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS not in settings.DATABASES:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 52, in __getattr__
self._setup(name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 45, in _setup
% (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE))
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting DATABASES,
but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment
variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure()
before accessing settings.
如果它在Python解释器之外正常工作,它怎么可能被错误配置?在我的Django设置中,DATABASES
设置为:
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
'NAME': 'django_db', # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
# The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
'USER': 'zamphatta',
'PASSWORD': 'mypassword91',
'HOST': '', # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
'PORT': '', # Set to empty string for default.
}
}
......这是如何配置不正确的?
答案 0 :(得分:252)
你不能只是启动Python并检查事物,Django不知道你想要做什么项目。你必须做以下事情之一:
python manage.py shell
django-admin.py shell --settings=mysite.settings
(或您使用的任何设置模块)DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE
环境变量设置为mysite.settings
(在Django 1.6中删除)在python解释器中使用setup_environ
:
from django.core.management import setup_environ
from mysite import settings
setup_environ(settings)
当然,第一种方式是最简单的。
答案 1 :(得分:36)
在你的python shell / ipython中执行:
from django.conf import settings
settings.configure()
答案 2 :(得分:18)
2017年,django 1.11.5和python 3.6:
import django
import os
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "mysite.settings")
django.setup()
您放置此代码的.py
应位于mysite
(父代)
答案 3 :(得分:10)
在Django 1.9上,我尝试了django-admin runserver并得到了同样的错误,但当我使用&#39; python manage.py runserver&#39;我得到了预期的结果。这可能会为很多人解决这个错误!
答案 4 :(得分:3)
在我自己的情况下,在python2.7.11上运行的django 1.10.1中,我试图在我的项目目录中使用django-admin runserver
而不是manage.py runserver
来启动服务器。
答案 5 :(得分:3)
在我的情况下,我在尝试通过PyCharm运行Django测试时得到了这个。我认为这是因为PyCharm没有加载最初的Django项目设置,即manage.py shell
最初运行的设置。可以将它们添加到测试脚本的开头,或者只使用manage.py test
运行测试。
版本:
答案 6 :(得分:0)