Question

我有一个C＃控制台程序。运行时，它会实例化一些Excel对象，例如：（openExcelO）。

当程序运行完毕后，我有一个关闭Excel（closeExcel）的方法，它应该正确地清理Excel进程。在任务管理器中，我可以看到剩余的Excel残余。关闭例程从互联网示例拼凑而成：

    private void openExcelO (string dir) {

        try {
            xlApp = new Excel.Application();
            xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(dir + "PortfolioOptimization5.xlsm",
                0, false, 5, "", "", true, 
                Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlPlatform.xlWindows, 
                "\t", false, false, 0, true, 1, 0);
            xlMarkowitz = (Excel.Worksheet)xlWorkBook.Sheets["Markowitz"];
            xlWeights = (Excel.Worksheet)xlWorkBook.Sheets["Weights"];

        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ReportError("PortfolioOptimization", "openExcel", ex.ToString());
        }

    }


    private void closeExcel () {
        object misValue = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
        try {

            if (xlWeights != null) releaseObject(xlWeights);
            if (xlMarkowitz != null) releaseObject(xlMarkowitz);

            xlWorkBook.Close(false, misValue, misValue);
            if (xlApp != null) xlApp.Quit();

            if (xlWorkBook != null) releaseObject(xlWorkBook);
            if (xlApp != null) releaseObject(xlApp);

        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ReportError("PortfolioOptimization", "closeExcel", ex.ToString());
        }
    }


    private void releaseObject (object obj) {
        try {
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(obj);
            obj = null;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            obj = null;
            ReportError("PortfolioOptimization", "releaseObject", "Unable to release object " + ex.ToString());
        } finally {
            GC.Collect();
        }
    }

如何更改关闭例程以正确关闭和清理Excel对象，以便任务管理器中没有延迟的Excel进程？

谢谢！

Answer 1

看起来你没有以正确的顺序发布你的对象 - xlApp.Quit可能无法完全退出，因为你仍然持有对工作簿的引用。您需要在调用Quit之前发布工作簿：

xlWorkBook.Close(false, misValue, misValue); releaseObject(xlWorkBook); xlApp.Quit(); releaseObject(xlApp);

信用必须转到this StackOverflow answer：还有一些其他隐含的引用，你没有关闭，即，在以下几行：

xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(...) xlWorkBook.Sheets["Markowitz"];

“Workbooks”对象未发布，“Sheets”对象也未发布。你也需要发布这些引用，即：

var books = xlApp.Workbooks; books.Open(...); releaseObject(books); var sheets = xlWorkBook.Sheets; xlMarkowitz = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets["Markowitz"]; xlWeights = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets["Weights"]; releaseObject(sheets);

来自Bruce Barker的好建议：“切勿在COM对象中使用两个点”！

C＃使用Excel进程销毁多个Excel对象的正确方法

1 个答案: