Ruby Autovivification

时间:2009-10-08 23:08:31

标签: ruby autovivification

我一直试图在ruby中使用autovivification进行简单的记录合并:

2009-08-21|09:30:01|A1|EGLE|Eagle Bulk Shpg|BUY|6000|5.03
2009-08-21|09:30:35|A2|JOYG|Joy Global Inc|BUY|4000|39.76
2009-08-21|09:30:35|A2|LEAP|Leap Wireless|BUY|2100|16.36
2009-08-21|09:30:36|A1|AINV|Apollo Inv Cp|BUY|2300|9.15
2009-08-21|09:30:36|A1|CTAS|Cintas Corp|SELL|9800|27.83
2009-08-21|09:30:38|A1|KRE|SPDR KBW Regional Banking ETF|BUY|9200|21.70
2009-08-21|09:30:39|A1|APA|APACHE CORPORATION|BUY|5700|87.18
2009-08-21|09:30:40|A1|FITB|Fifth Third Bancorp|BUY|9900|10.86
2009-08-21|09:30:40|A1|ICO|INTERNATIONAL COAL GROUP, INC.|SELL|7100|3.45
2009-08-21|09:30:41|A1|NLY|ANNALY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT. INC.|BUY|3000|17.31
2009-08-21|09:30:42|A2|GAZ|iPath Dow Jones - AIG Natural Gas Total Return Sub-Index ETN|SELL|6600|14.09
2009-08-21|09:30:44|A2|CVBF|Cvb Finl|BUY|1100|7.64
2009-08-21|09:30:44|A2|JCP|PENNEY COMPANY, INC.|BUY|300|31.05
2009-08-21|09:30:36|A1|AINV|Apollo Inv Cp|BUY|4500|9.15

所以例如我希望A1 AINV BUY 9.15的记录总共有6800.这是使用自动修复的完美问题。所以继承我的代码:

#!/usr/bin/ruby

require 'facets'


h = Hash.autonew

File.open('trades_long.dat','r').each do |line|

        @date,@time,@account,@ticker,@desc,@type,amount,@price = line.chomp.split('|')
        if @account != "account"
           puts "#{amount}"
           h[@account][@ticker][@type][@price] += amount
         end

    #puts sum.to_s
end

问题是无论我如何总结h [@account] [@ ticker] [@ type] [@ price]中的值,它给了我这个错误:

6000
/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/facets-2.7.0/lib/core/facets/hash/op_add.rb:8:in `merge': can't convert String into Hash (TypeError)
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/facets-2.7.0/lib/core/facets/hash/op_add.rb:8:in `+'
    from ./trades_consolidaton.rb:13
    from ./trades_consolidaton.rb:8:in `each'
    from ./trades_consolidaton.rb:8

我尝试过使用不同的“autovivification”方法但没有结果。这不会发生在perl! autofvification会知道你想要做什么。 ruby似乎没有这个功能。

所以我的问题是,我如何简单地“整合”ruby中的记录。具体来说,我如何获得类似的总数:

H [@account] [@股票] [@类型] [@价格]

非常感谢你的帮助!!

只是为了澄清格伦的解决方案。这将是完美的,除了它给出(在ruby 1.9中使用标准CSV库的一些修改:

CSV.foreach("trades_long.dat", :col_sep => "|") do |row| 
     date,time,account,ticker,desc,type,amount,price = *row 
     records[[account,ticker,type,price]] += amount 
end

给出以下错误:

TypeError: String can't be coerced into Fixnum
    from (irb):64:in `+'
    from (irb):64:in `block in irb_binding'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1761:in `each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1197:in `block in foreach'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1335:in `open'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1196:in `foreach'
    from (irb):62
    from /usr/local/bin/irb:12:in `<main>'

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

我同意乔纳斯的说法,你(和萨姆)正在使它变得比它需要的更复杂,但我认为即使他的版本太复杂了。我只是这样做:

require 'fastercsv'
records = Hash.new(0)
FasterCSV.foreach("trades_long.dat", :col_sep => "|") do |row|
  date,time,account,ticker,desc,type,amount,price = row.fields
  records[[account,ticker,type,price]] += amount.to_f
end

现在,您有一个哈希值,其中包含帐户,代码,类型和价格的每个唯一组合的总金额。

答案 1 :(得分:4)

如果你想要一个以这种方式工作的哈希构建器,你将不得不重新定义+语义。

例如,这很好用:

class HashBuilder
  def initialize
    @hash = {}
  end

  def []=(k,v)
    @hash[k] = v
  end

  def [](k)
    @hash[k] ||= HashBuilder.new
  end

  def +(val)
    val
  end

end


h = HashBuilder.new


h[1][2][3] += 1
h[1][2][3] += 3

p h[1][2][3]
# prints 4

基本上,您正在尝试将+运算符应用于哈希。

>> {} + {}
NoMethodError: undefined method `+' for {}:Hash
        from (irb):1

然而,在方面{

>> require 'facets'
>> {1 => 10} + {2 => 20}
=> {1 => 10, 2 => 20} 
>> {} + 100
TypeError: can't convert Fixnum into Hash
        from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/facets-2.7.0/lib/core/facets/hash/op_add.rb:8:in `merge'
        from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/facets-2.7.0/lib/core/facets/hash/op_add.rb:8:in `+'
        from (irb):6
>> {} += {1 => 2}
=> {1=>2}
>>

如果你想在这种情况下重新定义哈希的+语义,你可以这样做:

class Hash; def +(v); v; end; end

将此代码段放在原始样本之前,一切都应该正常。请记住,您正在更改+的已定义行为(注意+未在Hash上定义,其中包含了facet)

答案 2 :(得分:0)

看起来你正在使它变得更加复杂。我会使用FasterCSV gem和Enumerable#inject这样的东西:

require 'fastercsv'

records=FasterCSV.read("trades_long.dat", :col_sep => "|")

records.sort_by {|r| r[3]}.inject(nil) {|before, curr|
   if !before.nil? && curr[3]==before[3]
    curr[6]=(curr[6].to_i+before[6].to_i).to_s
    records.delete(before)
  end
  before=curr
}

答案 3 :(得分:0)

对于那些在这里找到自己的方式,现在还有另一种选择:

require 'xkeys' # on rubygems.org

h = {}.extend XKeys::Hash
...
# Start with 0.0 (instead of nil) and add the amount
h[@account, @ticker, @type, @price, :else => 0.0] += amount.to_f

这将生成一个可导航的结构。 (如前所述,使用[@account, @ticker, @type, @price]数组进行传统键控可能会更好(特殊应用)。 XKeys在写入而不是读取时自动生存,因此查询不存在的元素的结构不会改变结构。