Question

我正在尝试从JSON文件中提取数据。这是我的代码。

import json
json_file = open('test.json')                                                                                                                          
data = json.load(json_file)
json_file.close()

此时我可以使用打印数据打印文件，看起来文件已经正确读取。

现在我想从嵌套在字典中嵌套的字典中的键：值对中获取值：Phew！）。我最初的策略是创建一个字典并将字典嵌入其中的列表中，然后提取我需要的键：值对。

dict = {}
dict = json_file.get('dataObjects', None)
dict[0]

当我尝试查看dict的内容时，我发现只有一个元素。整个字典似乎已被读作列表。我已经尝试了几种不同的方法，但我仍然最终将字典读作列表。我想抓住嵌套字典并使用另一个.get来获取我需要的值。以下是我正在使用的JSON示例。具体来说，我试图从dataObjects部分中提取标识符和描述值。

{
  "identifier": 213726,
  "scientificName": "Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758)",
  "richness_score": 89.6095,
  "synonyms": [

  ],

  "taxonConcepts": [
    {
      "identifier": 20728481,
      "scientificName": "Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758)",
      "nameAccordingTo": "WORMS Species Information (Marine Species)",
      "canonicalForm": "Carcharodon carcharias",
      "sourceIdentfier": "105838"
    },
    {
      "identifier": 24922984,
      "scientificName": "Carcharodon carcharias",
      "nameAccordingTo": "IUCN Red List (Species Assessed for Global Conservation)",
      "canonicalForm": "Carcharodon carcharias",
      "sourceIdentfier": "IUCN-3855"
    },
  ],
  "dataObjects": [
    {
      "identifier": "5e1882d822ec530069d6d29e28944369",
      "dataObjectVersionID": 5671572,
      "dataType": "http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text",
      "dataSubtype": "",
      "vettedStatus": "Trusted",
      "dataRating": 3.0,
      "subject": "http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TaxonBiology",
      "mimeType": "text/html",
      "title": "Biology",
      "language": "en",
      "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/",
      "rights": "Copyright Wildscreen 2003-2008",
      "rightsHolder": "Wildscreen",
      "audience": [
        "General public"
      ],
      "source": "http://www.arkive.org/great-white-shark/carcharodon-carcharias/",
      "description": "Despite its worldwide notoriety, very little is known about the natural ecology and behaviour of this predator. These sharks are usually solitary or occur in pairs, although it is apparently a social animal that can also be found in small aggregations of 10 or more, particularly around a carcass (3) (6). Females are ovoviviparous; the pups hatch from eggs retained within their mother's body, and she then gives birth to live young (10). Great white sharks are particularly slow-growing, late maturing and long-lived, with a small litter size and low reproductive capacity (8). Females do not reproduce until they reach about 4.5 to 5 metres in length, and litter sizes range from two to ten pups (8). The length of gestation is not known but estimated at between 12 and 18 months, and it is likely that these sharks only reproduce every two or three years (8) (11). After birth, there is no maternal care, and despite their large size, survival of young is thought to be low (8).&nbsp;Great whites are at the top of the marine food chain, and these sharks are skilled predators. They feed predominately on fish but will also consume turtles, molluscs, and crustaceans, and are active hunters of small cetaceans such as dolphins and porpoises, and of other marine mammals such as seals and sea lions (12). Using their acute senses of smell, sound location and electroreception, weak and injured prey can be detected from a great distance (7). Efficient swimmers, sharks have a quick turn of speed and will attack rapidly before backing off whilst the prey becomes weakened; they are sometimes seen leaping clear of the water (6). Great whites, unlike most other fish, are able to maintain their body temperature higher than that of the surrounding water using a heat exchange system in their blood vessels (11).",
      "agents": [
        {
          "full_name": "ARKive",
          "homepage": "http://www.arkive.org/",
          "role": "provider"
        }
      ],
    }
  ]
}

Answer 1

你提供的来源不能被json读取，你必须删除两个逗号（从底部开始的第四行，以及dataObjects之上的两行。只有在那之后，json模块才会解析而不会出错：

import json

json_file = open('test.json')
data = json.load(json_file)
do = data['dataObjects'][0]
print do['identifier']
print do['description']
json_file.close()

如何从Python中解析的JSON中的键：值对中获取值

1 个答案: