**** Stephan的问题解决方案 - 请参阅下面的答案****
我将\
标记为语法表中的转义字符,但随后覆盖Mathematica语法元素的指定,如\[Infinity]
。这是我的syntax-propertize-function
:
(defconst math-syntax-propertize-function
(syntax-propertize-rules
("\\\\\\[\\([A-Z][A-Za-z]*\\)]" (0 "_"))))
我从(defun math-node()
函数引用它,如下所示:
(set (make-local-variable 'syntax-propertize-function)
math-syntax-propertize-function)
在我的第一次尝试中,我没有使用make-local-variable
功能,当我的elisp缓冲区突出显示出错时,我感到很惊讶。
****结束问题的解决方案1 ***
我正在实现从cc模式派生的Emacs中的主模式,用于编辑Mathematica文件。目标是语法突出显示和缩进。我将暂时与Mathematica内核连接。
我的基本功能有效,但有几个问题让我感到麻烦。
****问题1 ** - \
字符用作转义字符,并为多字符括号内的关键字添加前缀。 **
与许多语言一样,Mathematica使用\
字符来转义"
,其他\
字符是字符串。
Mathematic在Mathematica中称为语法字符,如\[Times]
,\[Element]
,\[Infinity]
等,代表mathematica运算符和常量。
而且,Mathematica大量使用[
和]
代替(
和)
进行函数定义和调用等。
因此,如果我将\
标记为语法表中的转义字符,那么在使用语法字符的任何地方,我的括号都会出现错误匹配。如,
If[x < \[Pi], True, False]
当然,cc-mode意图在[
之后忽略\
。鉴于Mathematica的功能特性,如果它不能与括号匹配,则模式几乎无用。想想没有匹配的lisp。
如果我没有将\
作为转义字符放在语法表中,那么如何处理注释和字符串中的转义序列?
如果我可以将Times,Element,Infinity等放在关键字列表中并让一切正常工作,那就太棒了。
****第2期** - Mathematica的语法与C,C ++,Java,ObjC等不同,cc-mode的内置语法分析并不总能产生预期的结果。**
考虑以下代码块:
FooBar[expression1,
expression2,
expression3];
这种格式很漂亮,因为表达式被识别为参数列表。
但是,如果列表作为参数传递,
FooBar[{expression1,
expression2,
expression3}];
结果并不漂亮,因为表达式被认为是{
和}
中单个语句的延续。不幸的是,将c-continuation-offset
设置为0
的简单方法会破坏实际的延续,例如,
addMe[x_Real, y_Real] :=
Plus[x, y];
你想要缩进。
问题在于Mathematica {
和}
描述的是列表,而不是代码块。
这是我正在使用的当前elisp文件:
(require 'cc-mode)
;; There are required at compile time to get the sources for the
;; language constants.
(eval-when-compile
(require 'cc-langs)
(require 'cc-fonts))
;; Add math mode the the language constant system. This needs to be
;; done at compile time because that is when the language constants
;; are evaluated.
(eval-and-compile
(c-add-language 'math-mode 'c-mode))
;; Function names
(c-lang-defconst c-cpp-matchers
math (append
(c-lang-const c-cpp-matchers c)
;; Abc[
'(("\\<\\([A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*\\)\\>\\[" 1 font-lock-type-face))
;; abc[
'(("\\<\\([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9]*\\)\\>\\[" 1 font-lock-function-name-face))
;; Abc
'(("\\<\\([A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*\\)\\>" 1 font-lock-keyword-face))
;; abc_
'(("\\<\\([a-z][A-Za-z0-9]*[_]\\)\\>" 1 font-lock-variable-name-face))
))
;; font-lock-comment-face
;; font-lock-doc-face
;; font-lock-string-face
;; font-lock-keyword-fact
;; font-lock-function-name-face
;; font-lock-constant-face
;; font-lock-type-face
;; font-lock-builtin-face
;; font-lock-reference-face
;; font-lock-warning-face
;; There is no line comment character.
(c-lang-defconst c-line-comment-starter
math nil)
;; The block comment starter is (*.
(c-lang-defconst c-block-comment-starter
math "(*")
;; The block comment ender is *).
(c-lang-defconst c-block-comment-ender
math "*)")
;; The assignment operators.
(c-lang-defconst c-assignment-operators
math '("=" ":=" "+=" "-=" "*=" "/=" "->" ":>"))
;; The operators.
(c-lang-defconst c-operators
math `(
;; Unary.
(prefix "+" "-" "!")
;; Multiplicative.
(left-assoc "*" "/")
;; Additive.
(left-assoc "+" "-")
;; Relational.
(left-assoc "<" ">" "<=" ">=")
;; Equality.
(left-assoc "==" "=!=")
;; Assignment.
(right-assoc ,@(c-lang-const c-assignment-operators))
;; Sequence.
(left-assoc ",")))
;; Syntax modifications necessary to recognize keywords with
;; punctuation characters.
;; (c-lang-defconst c-identifier-syntax-modifications
;; math (append '((?\\ . "w"))
;; (c-lang-const c-identifier-syntax-modifications)))
;; Constants.
(c-lang-defconst c-constant-kwds
math '( "False" "True" )) ;; "\\[Infinity]" "\\[Times]" "\\[Divide]" "\\[Sqrt]" "\\[Element]"\
))
(defcustom math-font-lock-extra-types nil
"Extra types to recognize in math mode.")
(defconst math-font-lock-keywords-1 (c-lang-const c-matchers-1 math)
"Minimal highlighting for math mode.")
(defconst math-font-lock-keywords-2 (c-lang-const c-matchers-2 math)
"Fast normal highlighting for math mode.")
(defconst math-font-lock-keywords-3 (c-lang-const c-matchers-3 math)
"Accurate normal highlighting for math mode.")
(defvar math-font-lock-keywords math-font-lock-keywords-3
"Default expressions to highlight in math mode.")
(defvar math-mode-syntax-table nil
"Syntax table used in math mode.")
(message "Setting math-mode-syntax-table to nil to force re-initialization")
(setq math-mode-syntax-table nil)
;; If a syntax table has not yet been set, allocate a new syntax table
;; and setup the entries.
(unless math-mode-syntax-table
(setq math-mode-syntax-table
(funcall (c-lang-const c-make-mode-syntax-table math)))
(message "Modifying the math-mode-syntax-table")
;; character (
;; ( - open paren class
;; ) - matching paren character
;; 1 - 1st character of comment delimitter (**)
;; n - nested comments allowed
(modify-syntax-entry ?\( "()1n" math-mode-syntax-table)
;; character )
;; ) - close parent class
;; ( - matching paren character
;; 4 - 4th character of comment delimitter (**)
;; n - nested comments allowed
(modify-syntax-entry ?\) ")(4n" math-mode-syntax-table)
;; character *
;; . - punctuation class
;; 2 - 2nd character of comment delimitter (**)
;; 3 - 3rd character of comment delimitter (**)
(modify-syntax-entry ?\* ". 23n" math-mode-syntax-table)
;; character [
;; ( - open paren class
;; ] - matching paren character
(modify-syntax-entry ?\[ "(]" math-mode-syntax-table)
;; character ]
;; ) - close paren class
;; [ - mathcing paren character
(modify-syntax-entry ?\] ")[" math-mode-syntax-table)
;; character {
;; ( - open paren class
;; } - matching paren character
(modify-syntax-entry ?\{ "(}" math-mode-syntax-table)
;; character }
;; ) - close paren class
;; { - matching paren character
(modify-syntax-entry ?\} "){" math-mode-syntax-table)
;; The following characters are punctuation (i.e. they cannot appear
;; in identifiers).
;;
;; / ' % & + - ^ < > = |
(modify-syntax-entry ?\/ "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?\' "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?% "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?& "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?+ "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?- "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?^ "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?< "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?= "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?> "." math-mode-syntax-table)
(modify-syntax-entry ?| "." math-mode-syntax-table)
;; character $
;; _ - word class (since $ is allowed in identifier names)
(modify-syntax-entry ?\$ "_" math-mode-syntax-table)
;; character \
;; . - punctuation class (for now treat \ as punctuation
;; until we can fix the \[word] issue).
(modify-syntax-entry ?\\ "." math-mode-syntax-table)
) ;; end of math-mode-syntax-table adjustments
;;
;;
(defvar math-mode-abbrev-table nil
"Abbrevation table used in math mode buffers.")
(defvar math-mode-map (let ((map (c-make-inherited-keymap)))
map)
"Keymap used in math mode buffers.")
;; math-mode
;;
(defun math-mode ()
"Major mode for editing Mathematica code."
(interactive)
(kill-all-local-variables)
(c-initialize-cc-mode t)
(set-syntax-table math-mode-syntax-table)
(setq major-mode 'math-mode
mode-name "Math"
local-abbrev-table math-mode-abbrev-table
abbrev-mode t)
(use-local-map math-mode-map)
(c-init-language-vars math-mode)
(c-common-init 'math-mode)
(run-hooks 'c-mode-common-hook)
(run-hooks 'math-mode-hook)
(c-update-modeline))
(provide 'math-mode)
一些的屏幕截图。
答案 0 :(得分:5)
虽然cc-mode的设计适用于各种语言,但我不确定它是否适合Mathematica,因为语法与cc模式支持的语法相差太远。我建议尝试SMIE(一种出现在Emacs-23.4中的缩进引擎,它最初是为SML构建的,但目前用于各种语言)。就像cc模式一样,SMIE也不适合所有语言,但如果它在你的情况下比cc模式更好,我也不会感到惊讶。
对于反斜杠问题,最好的办法是使用syntax-propertize-function
来更改特定反斜杠的转义性质(在语法表中将其设置为转义,然后将\ [foo]的\标记为非转义,或者在语法表中保留\作为非转义,然后将\“和\”标记为转义。