Question

我有这个用于字符串向量的示例代码：

vector<string> strings;
strings.push_back(argv[0]);
cout << strings[0] << endl;
strings.clear();

exit(0);

但是valgrind说：

==26012== HEAP SUMMARY:
==26012==     in use at exit: 8 bytes in 1 blocks
==26012==   total heap usage: 2 allocs, 1 frees, 41 bytes allocated
==26012== 
==26012== 8 bytes in 1 blocks are still reachable in loss record 1 of 1
==26012==    at 0x4C2B1C7: operator new(unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==26012==    by 0x401DCF: __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<std::string>::allocate(unsigned long, void const*) (new_allocator.h:92)
==26012==    by 0x401BD8: std::_Vector_base<std::string, std::allocator<std::string> >::_M_allocate(unsigned long) (in /home/nich/IPK/2/client)
==26012==    by 0x401706: std::vector<std::string, std::allocator<std::string> >::_M_insert_aux(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<std::string*, std::vector<std::string, std::allocator<std::string> > >, std::string const&) (vector.tcc:327)
==26012==    by 0x401421: std::vector<std::string, std::allocator<std::string> >::push_back(std::string const&) (stl_vector.h:834)
==26012==    by 0x401102: main (client.cc:130)
==26012== 
==26012== LEAK SUMMARY:
==26012==    definitely lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==26012==    indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==26012==      possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==26012==    still reachable: 8 bytes in 1 blocks
==26012==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks

我做错了什么？ String :: clear方法应该调用字符串上的析构函数不应该？无论如何，我尝试用指针替代方法。

vector<string*> strings;
strings.push_back(new string(argv[0]));
cout << *(strings[0]) << endl;
delete strings[0];
strings.clear();

exit(0);

Valgrind的：

==10177== HEAP SUMMARY:
==10177==     in use at exit: 8 bytes in 1 blocks
==10177==   total heap usage: 3 allocs, 2 frees, 49 bytes allocated
==10177== 
==10177== 8 bytes in 1 blocks are still reachable in loss record 1 of 1
==10177==    at 0x4C2B1C7: operator new(unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-amd64-linux.so)
==10177==    by 0x401CF9: __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<std::string*>::allocate(unsigned long, void const*) (new_allocator.h:92)
==10177==    by 0x401B5C: std::_Vector_base<std::string*, std::allocator<std::string*> >::_M_allocate(unsigned long) (in /home/nich/IPK/2/client)
==10177==    by 0x4016EA: std::vector<std::string*, std::allocator<std::string*> >::_M_insert_aux(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<std::string**, std::vector<std::string*, std::allocator<std::string*> > >, std::string* const&) (vector.tcc:327)
==10177==    by 0x4013F1: std::vector<std::string*, std::allocator<std::string*> >::push_back(std::string* const&) (stl_vector.h:834)
==10177==    by 0x4010C4: main (client.cc:130)
==10177== 
==10177== LEAK SUMMARY:
==10177==    definitely lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==10177==    indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==10177==      possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==10177==    still reachable: 8 bytes in 1 blocks
==10177==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks

但仍然是同样的问题。你能否告诉我如何解析* argv []中的参数到矢量字符串而没有可到达的字节？

Answer 1

调用strings.clear()仅清空向量，但向量本身仍占用内存。通过静态创建它：

vector<string> strings;

在函数超出范围之前它仍将在内存中（并且因为在函数中调用了exit，所以在程序结束时它仍然在范围内）。

Answer 2

我认为'泄露的'8字节是指STL容器。退出时std :: vector不会被破坏。试试这个：

{
  vector<string> strings;
  strings.push_back(argv[0]);
  cout << strings[0] << endl;
  strings.clear();
}
exit(0);

字符串向量仍然可以访问

2 个答案: