我遇到了这些失败，我不知道在哪里寻找解决问题的方法。我搜索了这个网站，但找不到我的问题。根据Hartl教程，所有测试都应该通过。
失败：
C:\Sites\rails_projects\sample_app>bundle exec rspec spec
Rack::File headers parameter replaces cache_control after Rack 1.5.
←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m
←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[31mF←[0m←[31mF←[0m←[31mF←[0m←[31mF←[0m←[31mF←[0m
←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m
←[32m.←[0m←[31mF←[0m←[31mF←[0m←[31mF←[0m←[32m.←[0m←[32m.←[0m
Failures:
1) when email address is already taken
←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31muser_with_same_email = @user.dup←[0m
←[31mTypeError:←[0m
←[31mcan't dup NilClass←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:104:in `dup'←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:104:in `block (2 levels) in <top (require
d)>'←[0m
2) when name is too long
←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31mbefore { @user.name = "a" * 51 }←[0m
←[31mNoMethodError:←[0m
←[31mundefined method `name=' for nil:NilClass←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:76:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
3) when password is not present
←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31mbefore { @user.password = @user.password_confi
rmation = " " }←[0m
←[31mNoMethodError:←[0m
←[31mundefined method `password_confirmation=' for nil:NilClass←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:55:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
4) when password confirmation is nil
←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31mbefore { @user.password_confirmation = nil }←[
0m
←[31mNoMethodError:←[0m
←[31mundefined method `password_confirmation=' for nil:NilClass←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:65:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
5) when email format is valid should be valid
←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31m@user.email = valid_address←[0m
←[31mNoMethodError:←[0m
←[31mundefined method `email=' for nil:NilClass←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:97:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:96:in `each'←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:96:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
6) when password doesn't match confirmation
←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31mbefore {@user.password_confirmation = "mismatc
h" }←[0m
←[31mNoMethodError:←[0m
←[31mundefined method `password_confirmation=' for nil:NilClass←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:60:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
7) when name is not present
←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31mbefore { @user.name = " " }←[0m
←[31mNoMethodError:←[0m
←[31mundefined method `name=' for nil:NilClass←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:71:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
8) when email format is invalid should be invalid
←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31m@user.email = invalid_address←[0m
←[31mNoMethodError:←[0m
←[31mundefined method `email=' for nil:NilClass←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:87:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:86:in `each'←[0m
←[36m # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:86:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required
)>'←[0m
Finished in 2.42 seconds
←[31m30 examples, 8 failures←[0m
Failed examples:
←[31mrspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:109←[0m ←[36m# when email address is alrea
dy taken ←[0m
←[31mrspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:77←[0m ←[36m# when name is too long ←[0m
←[31mrspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:56←[0m ←[36m# when password is not present
←[0m
←[31mrspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:66←[0m ←[36m# when password confirmation i
s nil ←[0m
←[31mrspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:94←[0m ←[36m# when email format is valid s
hould be valid←[0m
←[31mrspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:61←[0m ←[36m# when password doesn't match
confirmation ←[0m
←[31mrspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:72←[0m ←[36m# when name is not present ←[0
m
←[31mrspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:82←[0m ←[36m# when email format is invalid
should be invalid←[0m
我的user_spec.rb文件：
require 'spec_helper'
describe User do
before do
@user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com",
password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
end
subject { @user }
it { should respond_to(:name) }
it { should respond_to(:email) }
it { should respond_to(:password_digest) }
it { should respond_to(:password) }
it { should respond_to(:password_confirmation) }
it { should respond_to(:authenticate) }
it { should be_valid }
describe "with a password that's too short" do
before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = "a" * 5 }
it { should be_invalid }
end
describe "return value of authenticate method" do
before { @user.save }
let(:found_user) { User.find_by_email(@user.email) }
describe "with valid password" do
it { should == found_user.authenticate(@user.password) }
end
describe "with invalid password" do
let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }
it { should_not == user_for_invalid_password }
specify { user_for_invalid_password.should be_false }
end
end
end
describe "when password is not present" do
before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = " " }
it {should_not be_valid}
end
describe "when password doesn't match confirmation" do
before {@user.password_confirmation = "mismatch" }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when password confirmation is nil" do
before { @user.password_confirmation = nil }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when name is not present" do
before { @user.name = " " }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when name is too long" do
before { @user.name = "a" * 51 }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when email format is invalid" do
it "should be invalid" do
addresses = %w[user@foo,com user_at_foo.org example.user@foo.
foo@bar_baz.com foo@bar+baz.com]
addresses.each do |invalid_address|
@user.email = invalid_address
@user.should_not be_valid
end
end
end
describe "when email format is valid" do
it "should be valid" do
addresses = %w[user@foo.COM A_US-ER@f.b.org frst.lst@foo.jp a+b@baz.cn]
addresses.each do |valid_address|
@user.email = valid_address
@user.should be_valid
end
end
end
describe "when email address is already taken" do
before do
user_with_same_email = @user.dup
user_with_same_email.email = @user.email.upcase
user_with_same_email.save
end
it { should_not be_valid}
end
end
User.rb文件：
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessible :name, :email, :password, :password_confirmation
has_secure_password
before_save { |user| user.email = email.downcase }
validates :name, presence: true, length: { maximum: 50 }
VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-.]+\.[a-z]+\z/i
validates :email, presence: true,
format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX },
uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
validates :password, presence: true, length: { minimum: 6 }
validates :password_confirmation, presence: true
end
有什么建议吗？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
可能您可能在describe User之后意外关闭了describe "with invalid password"阻止了两个额外的end。
目前：
describe User do
# ...
describe "with invalid password" do
let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }
it { should_not == user_for_invalid_password }
specify { user_for_invalid_password.should be_false }
end
end
end
# ...
end
应该是：
describe User do
# ...
describe "with invalid password" do
let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }
it { should_not == user_for_invalid_password }
specify { user_for_invalid_password.should be_false }
end
# ...
end
另外，检查文件末尾的缩进和end的数量。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
错误消息告诉我们@user永远不会被实例化
您似乎错过了:each
before
before do
@user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com",
password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
end
应该是：
before (:each) do
@user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com",
password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
end
现在应该制作@user对象＆amp;测试变为绿色：）