查找@所包含的文本并替换内部

时间:2013-03-08 10:57:36

标签: regex perl

问题:

@所包含的文件中查找文本片段并替换内部

输入:

@abc@ abc @ABC@
cba @cba CBA@

Deisred输出:

абц abc АБЦ
cba цба ЦБА

我有以下内容:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Encode;
my $output;
open FILE,"<", 'test.txt';
while (<FILE>) {
    chomp(my @chars = split(//, $_));
    for (@chars) {
        my @char;
        $_ =~ s/a/chr(0x430)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/b/chr(0x431)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/c/chr(0x446)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/d/chr(0x434)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/e/chr(0x435)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/A/chr(0x410)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/B/chr(0x411)/eg;
        $_ =~ s/C/chr(0x426)/eg;
        push @char, $_;
        $output = join "", @char;
        print encode("utf-8",$output);}
print "\n";
}
close FILE;

但我仍然坚持如何进一步处理

提前感谢您的帮助!

Kluther

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

这是我的解决方案。 (你会修复它,是的。它是原型)

for (my $data = <DATA>){
    $data=~s/[@]([\s\w]+)[@]/func($1)/ge;
    print $data;
#   while($data=~m/[@]([\s\w]+)[@]/g){
#      print "marked: ",$1,"\n";
#      print "position:", pos();
#   }
#      print "not marked: ";
}
sub func{
   #do your magic here ;)
   return "<< @_ >>";
}
__DATA__
@abc@ abc @ABC@ cba @cba CBA@

这里发生了什么?

首先,我读了数据。你可以自己做。

for (my $data = <DATA>){...}

接下来,我需要搜索您的模式并替换它 我该怎么办?

使用substition operator: s/pattern/replace/

但是以有趣的形式:

s/pattern/func($1)/ge

g表示全局搜索

e表示评估

所以,我认为你需要编写自己的func函数;)

也许最好使用transliteration operator: tr/listOfSymbolsToBeReplaced/listOfSymbolsThatBePlacedInstead/

答案 1 :(得分:0)

在处理$output后尝试此操作。

$output =~ s/\@//g;
my @split_output = split(//, $output);
$output = "";
my $len = scalar(@split_output) ;
while ($len--) {
    $output .= shift(@split_output);
}
print $output;

答案 2 :(得分:0)

可以使用单个正则表达式完成并且不会拆分字符串:

use strict;
use warnings;
use Encode;

my %chars = (
    a => chr(0x430),
    b => chr(0x431),
    c => chr(0x446),
    d => chr(0x434),
    e => chr(0x435),
    A => chr(0x410),
    B => chr(0x411),
    C => chr(0x426),
);

my $regex = '(' . join ('|', keys %chars) . ')'; 


while (<DATA>) {
    1 while ($_ =~ s|\@(?!\s)[^@]*?\K$regex(?=[^@]*(?!\s)\@)|$chars{$1}|eg);
    print encode("utf-8",$_);
}

由于匹配的重叠性,它确实需要重复运行正则表达式。

答案 3 :(得分:0)

只需对算法进行微小更改,您就需要跟踪是否在@标记内。所以添加这样的东西

my $bConvert = 0;
chomp(my @chars = split(//, $_));
for (@chars) {
    my $char = $_;
    if (/@/) {
        $bConvert = ($bConvert + 1) % 2;
        next;
    }
    elsif ($bConvert) {
        $char =~ s/a/chr(0x430)/eg;
        $char =~ s/b/chr(0x431)/eg;
        $char =~ s/c/chr(0x446)/eg;
        $char =~ s/d/chr(0x434)/eg;
        $char =~ s/e/chr(0x435)/eg;
        $char =~ s/A/chr(0x410)/eg;
        $char =~ s/B/chr(0x411)/eg;
        $char =~ s/C/chr(0x426)/eg;
    }
    print encode("utf-8",$char);
}