Question

我正在使用django设计一个基本的登录和注销页面。以下是我的代码

settings.py

TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
    ...........
    ...........
    "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
    "django.core.context_processors.request",
    "django.core.context_processors.csrf",
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
)
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    .......
    ....... 
)

urls.py

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
from django.conf import settings

urlpatterns = patterns('',
             url(r'^$', 'learn_django.views.home_page'),          
             url(r'^login/$', 'learn_django.views.login'),
             url(r'^logged_in$', 'learn_django.views.logged_in'),
             url(r'^logout/$', 'learn_django.views.logout'),
)


if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve',{'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'show_indexes': True}),
) + urlpatterns

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template import RequestContext

def home_page(request):
    return render_to_response("home_page.html")

def login(request):
    return render_to_response("login.html")

def logged_in(request):
    return render_to_response("logged_in.html",context_instance=RequestContext(request))

base.html文件

{% load staticfiles %}
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
  <head>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/home_remaining.css' %}" type="text/css">
    <title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>
  </head>
  <body>
   <header>
     <div class='header_div'>
       <div class="logout"><p id='logout'><a href="/logout" >Logout</a></p><div>
       <div class="login"><p id='login'> <a href="/login" >Login</a></p><div>
     </div>
   </header>
   <div class="body_content">
      {% block body %}{% endblock %}
   </div>
</body> 
</html>

的login.html

{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block title %}Login Page{% endblock %}
{% block body %}
  <div id='container'>
      <form action="/logged_in" method="POST">
         {% csrf_token %}
            <label for="name">Username:</label><input type="name">
            <label for="username">Password:</label><input type="password">
            <div id="lower">
                <input type="submit" value="Login">
            </div>
      </form> 
   </div>     
{% endblock %}

以上是我的complet代码，当我们点击Login中给出的base.html链接时，会显示一个登录表单。

登录显示并输入了一些username和password并点击了Login按钮后，显示的错误页面显示csrf error

搜索了很多并在表单标记中添加了{% csrf_token %}，并在django.core.context_processors.csrf

中的模板上下文流程中添加了settings.py

以下是错误消息，看起来像

Forbidden (403)
CSRF verification failed. Request aborted.
Help
Reason given for failure:
    CSRF cookie not set.

In general, this can occur when there is a genuine Cross Site Request Forgery, or when Django's CSRF mechanism has not been used correctly. For POST forms, you need to ensure:
Your browser is accepting cookies.
The view function uses RequestContext for the template, instead of Context.
In the template, there is a {% csrf_token %} template tag inside each POST form that targets an internal URL.
If you are not using CsrfViewMiddleware, then you must use csrf_protect on any views that use the csrf_token template tag, as well as those that accept the POST data.
You're seeing the help section of this page because you have DEBUG = True in your Django settings file. Change that to False, and only the initial error message will be displayed.
You can customize this page using the CSRF_FAILURE_VIEW setting.

所以当我从模板上下文进程中删除django.core.context_processors.csrf时，它的工作正常。但我也想使用csrf保护。

最后，实际上在上面的视图代码中出现了什么错误以及csrf错误页面出现的原因以及如何避免上述错误页面？

我是否需要在views.py函数中添加任何代码？

任何人都可以在我上面的函数中添加基本的登录和注销功能代码，这样对于实际理解代码会更有帮助......

被修改

对于上述问题，我导入了csrf_exempt函数，如下所示

from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt

并在logged_in视图之前将其作为装饰器给出，当我点击登录按钮时它没有显示错误页面

但仍然想知道为什么下面提到的方法，比如从模板发送Requestcontext不起作用

Answer 1

您需要将RequestContext传递给render_to_response函数。

def home_page(request):
    return render_to_response("home_page.html", context_instance=RequestContext(request))

或者使用新的渲染函数，它处理为你传递RequestContext。

def home_page(request):
    return render(request, "home_page.html")

RequestContext将各种有用的东西添加到传递给模板的上下文字典中。这包括csrf令牌。有关详细信息，请查看RequestContext docs。

在您的情况下，您的login视图正在呈现login.html模板，但未传递csrf令牌。当login.html模板回发到服务器（到/logged_in）时，logged_in视图会检查该csrf令牌。它不存在（因为你从未包括它）。所以它假定它收到了一个跨站请求伪造。

阅读csrf docs以更好地了解该过程。

避免django 1.4.3中的csrf错误

被修改

1 个答案: