我有下一堂课:
public class A
{
public int MyProperty { get; set; }
}
以下代码在Main:
object obj = new A();
Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
var res = obj as A;
if (res != null)
{
res.MyProperty = 10;
Console.WriteLine("obj is A (as)" + sw.Elapsed);
}
sw.Stop();
Stopwatch sw2 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
if (obj.GetType() == typeof(A))
{
A a = (A)obj;
a.MyProperty = 10;
Console.WriteLine("obj is A (GetType)" + sw2.Elapsed);
}
sw2.Stop();
Stopwatch sw3 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
var isA = obj is A;
if (isA)
{
A a = (A)obj;
a.MyProperty = 19;
Console.WriteLine("obj is A (is)" + sw3.Elapsed);
}
sw3.Stop();
Console.ReadKey();
结果是:
obj is A (as) 00:00:00.0000589
obj is A (GetType) 00:00:00.0000024
obj is A (is) 00:00:00.0000006
关键在于运算符'is'的工作总是比'as'快。为什么'as'比'is'慢?甚至比'as'更快的GetType()。与'is'和GetType()相比,什么代表'as'运算符导致此类延迟。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
我猜这是第一个必须打开流到控制台的Console.Write
,因此需要花费更多时间。
无论如何,写入控制台所需的时间比进行演员要多得多,所以你无法得出任何关于测试中铸件的结论。
进行十亿次演员表并且不为每个演员阵容向控制台写任何东西,给你一个更合理的结果:
object obj = new A();
int iterations = 1000000000;
Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
var res = obj as A;
if (res != null) {
res.MyProperty = 10;
}
}
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("obj is A (as)" + sw.Elapsed);
Stopwatch sw2 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
if (obj.GetType() == typeof(A)) {
A a = (A)obj;
a.MyProperty = 10;
}
}
sw2.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("obj is A (GetType)" + sw2.Elapsed);
Stopwatch sw3 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
var isA = obj is A;
if (isA) {
A a = (A)obj;
a.MyProperty = 19;
}
}
sw3.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("obj is A (is)" + sw3.Elapsed);
示例输出:
obj is A (as)00:00:00.3937249
obj is A (GetType)00:00:00.3452988
obj is A (is)00:00:01.0193541
答案 1 :(得分:2)
如果他们显示“as”比“is”慢,那么您的测量值是不正确的。
不可能的原因是“as”和“is”关键字都生成isinst
IL指令,但“is”指令会生成额外的返回值检查。
您无需执行任何计时来确定这一点,因为您可以使用反射器检查生成的IL代码。
例如,这种方法:
static bool isTest(object value)
{
return value is Random;
}
生成此IL:
.method private hidebysig static bool isTest(object 'value') cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0000: ldarg.0
L_0001: isinst [mscorlib]System.Random
L_0006: ldnull
L_0007: cgt.un
L_0009: ret
}
虽然这个:
static object asTest(object value)
{
return value as Random;
}
生成:
.method private hidebysig static object asTest(object 'value') cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0000: ldarg.0
L_0001: isinst [mscorlib]System.Random
L_0006: ret
}
“is”关键字生成与“as”关键字相同的IL以及一些其他指令;因此,对于这种用法,“是”必须慢于“as”。
答案 2 :(得分:1)
我认为这可能是因为您还设置了MyProperty
,所以第一次这样做时,属性设置器就是JIT编译的。
尝试使用和不使用注释行运行此代码,并检查区别:
object obj = new A();
// uncomment these lines and see the difference
// A tmp = new A();
// tmp.MyProperty = 100;
Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
var res = obj as A;
if (res != null) {
res.MyProperty = 10;
}
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("as : " + sw.Elapsed);
Stopwatch sw2 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
if (obj.GetType() == typeof(A)) {
A a = (A)obj;
a.MyProperty = 10;
}
sw2.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("GetType : " + sw2.Elapsed);
Stopwatch sw3 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
var isA = obj is A;
if (isA) {
A a = (A)obj;
a.MyProperty = 19;
}
sw3.Stop();
Console.WriteLine("is : " + sw3.Elapsed);