XPath使用Nokogiri返回空数组

时间:2013-02-25 02:46:38

标签: ruby xpath nokogiri mechanize

我正在尝试使用Nokogiri,Mechanize和XPath解析页面,但是,无论我尝试什么,我都会收到一个空数组。

Page I'm trying to Parse.

我在Chrome中检查了它并获得了XPath,然后尝试了多种方法来解析它,但总是收到一个空数组。

我试过了:

puts page.search('/html/body/div/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]').inspect

puts  post_page.parser.xpath('/html/body/div/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]').inspect

puts  post_page.parser.at_xpath('/html/body/div/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]').inspect

全部带有和不带尾随的“/ text”

这是我试图抓的页面的来源:

<SCRIPT language="JavaScript">
<!-- 
document.cookie = "IV_JCT=%2FMPIS; path=/";
//--> 
</SCRIPT>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>

  <head>
    <title>My Schedule</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="-1">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my schedule">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>

  <body>
  <div align="center"> 
    <strong>My Schedule</strong><br>as of Sun Feb 24 2013 06:43:09 PM CST<br><br>
    <div align="left"><pre><br>Employee Name: Johnson Appleseed    
Unit = 12345</pre>    
    <br> 
  </div>

    <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
     <tr>
     <td colspan="8" align="center"><b><font size="+1">Schedules may be subject to change based on business needs or demand</font></b></td>
     </tr>   

      <tr><td>
      <table border="4" bordercolor="#2D73B9" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%">
      <tr bgcolor="#7C9BCF">
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Sunday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Monday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Tuesday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Wednesday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Thursday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Friday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Saturday</b></td>
        <td rowspan="2" width="12%" align="center"><b>Total weekly Hours</b></td>
      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#7C9BCF">

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-24</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-25</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-26</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-27</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-28</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-01</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-02</td>

      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>&nbsp;</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre><b>Shift: </b>
5:30 PM - 9:00 PM
<b>Meal:</b>
 - </pre></td>


        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>&nbsp;</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>&nbsp;</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>&nbsp;</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre><b>Shift: </b>
2:00 PM - 9:15 PM
<b>Meal:</b>
5:45 PM - 6:30 PM</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre><b>Shift: </b>
4:45 PM - 9:15 PM
<b>Meal:</b>
 - </pre></td>

        <td width="12%" align="center">14.5</td> 
      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">3.5</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">6.5</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">4.5</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">Daily Hours</td>   
      </tr>  

     </table>
     </td></tr>

      <tr><td>
      <table border="4" bordercolor="#2D73B9" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%">
      <tr bgcolor="#7C9BCF">
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Sunday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Monday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Tuesday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Wednesday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Thursday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Friday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Saturday</b></td>
        <td rowspan="2" width="12%" align="center"><b>Total weekly Hours</b></td>
      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#7C9BCF">

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-03</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-04</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-05</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-06</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-07</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-08</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-09</td>

      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="12%" align="center">0.0</td> 
      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">Daily Hours</td>   
      </tr>  

     </table>
     </td></tr>

      <tr><td>
      <table border="4" bordercolor="#2D73B9" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="100%">
      <tr bgcolor="#7C9BCF">
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Sunday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Monday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Tuesday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Wednesday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Thursday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Friday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Saturday</b></td>
        <td rowspan="2" width="12%" align="center"><b>Total weekly Hours</b></td>
      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#7C9BCF">

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-10</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-11</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-12</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-13</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-14</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-15</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-16</td>

      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="14%" align="left"><pre>Sched Not Posted</pre></td>

        <td width="12%" align="center">0.0</td> 
      </tr>  

      <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF">

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">0.0</td>

        <td width="14%" align="center">Daily Hours</td>   
      </tr>  

     </table>
     </td></tr>

     <tr>
     <td colspan="8" align="center"><b><font size="+1">Schedules may be subject to change based on business needs or demand</font></b></td>
     </tr>
    </table >

        <p><br>
        </p>
        <p class="align_center" >      
            <input type=button value="Print this page" onClick="javascript:window.print();">     
            <input type=button value="Close This Window" onClick="javascript:window.close();">
        </p>

  </div>
  </body>

</html>

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

请注意,在您的XPath访问者中,您需要tbody成为路径的一部分:

puts page.search('/html/body/div/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]').inspect
puts  post_page.parser.xpath('/html/body/div/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]').inspect
puts  post_page.parser.at_xpath('/html/body/div/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]').inspect

HTML没有tbody标记,导致您的查找失败。

尝试简化您的访问者。我通常从Nokogiri支持的CSS开始,然后,如果我无法到达那里,我切换到XPath。您的里程可能会有所不同。

例如:

(rdb:1) puts doc.at('table table tr').to_html

输出:

<tr bgcolor="#7C9BCF">
<td width="12%" align="center"><b>Sunday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Monday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Tuesday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Wednesday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Thursday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Friday</b></td>
        <td width="12%" align="center"><b>Saturday</b></td>
        <td rowspan="2" width="12%" align="center"><b>Total weekly Hours</b></td>
        </tr>

这是获取列标题的更简单方法。

要获得第二行,您可以使用:

(rdb:1) puts doc.at('table table tr[2]').to_html

哪个可以帮到你:

<tr bgcolor="#7C9BCF">
<td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-24</td>
        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-25</td>
        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-26</td>
        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-27</td>
        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-02-28</td>
        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-01</td>
        <td width="14%" align="center">2013-03-02</td>
        </tr>

要获取单元格内容,您可以使用:

(rdb:1) puts doc.search('table table tr[2] td').map(&:text)

返回:

2013-02-24
2013-02-25
2013-02-26
2013-02-27
2013-02-28
2013-03-01
2013-03-02
2013-03-03
2013-03-04
2013-03-05
2013-03-06
2013-03-07
2013-03-08
2013-03-09
2013-03-10
2013-03-11
2013-03-12
2013-03-13
2013-03-14
2013-03-15
2013-03-16

注意这是如何返回两个表的标题。要将其限制在第一个表格,我们可以使用at代替searchat返回第一个匹配节点,其中search返回一个NodeSet,就像一个数组。此外,与search的行为不同,at查看整个文档查找所有匹配项。

此代码查找第一个表的第二行,然后遍历嵌入的单元格:

(rdb:1) puts doc.at('table table tr[2]').search('td').map(&:text)
2013-02-24
2013-02-25
2013-02-26
2013-02-27
2013-02-28
2013-03-01
2013-03-02

它更简单,更易于理解和维护。