Question

如何将Python的Selenium WebDriver中的所有Cookie保存到txt文件中，然后再加载？该文档没有详细说明getCookies函数。

Answer 1

您可以使用pickle将当前Cookie保存为python对象。例如：

import pickle
import selenium.webdriver 

driver = selenium.webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
pickle.dump( driver.get_cookies() , open("cookies.pkl","wb"))

以后再添加它们：

import pickle
import selenium.webdriver 

driver = selenium.webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
cookies = pickle.load(open("cookies.pkl", "rb"))
for cookie in cookies:
    driver.add_cookie(cookie)

Answer 2

请记住，您只能为CURRENT域添加Cookie。如果你想添加你的Goolge帐户。

待办事项

browser.get('http://google.com')
for cookie in cookies:
    browser.add_cookie(cookie)

Answer 3

如果您需要在会话之间使用Cookie，还有其他方法可以执行此操作，请使用Chrome选项user-data-dir将文件夹用作配置文件，我运行：

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("user-data-dir=selenium") 
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.get("www.google.com")

你可以在这里执行检查人工交互的登录，我这样做，然后我现在需要的cookie，每次我启动Webdriver与该文件夹一切都在那里。您也可以手动安装扩展程序并在每个会话中使用它们。 Secon我跑的时间，所有的饼干都在那里：

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("user-data-dir=selenium") 
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.get("www.google.com") #Now you can see  the cookies, the settings, extensions, etc, and the logins done in the previous session are present here.

优点是你可以使用具有不同设置和cookie的多个文件夹，不需要加载扩展，卸载cookie，安装和卸载扩展，更改设置，通过代码更改登录，因此无法获得逻辑程序中断等等这也比通过代码完成所有操作更快。

Answer 4

@Roel Van de Paar编写的代码稍作修改，因为一切归功于他。我在Windows中使用它，并且在设置和添加Cookie方面都运行良好：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--user-data-dir=chrome-data")
driver = webdriver.Chrome('chromedriver.exe',options=chrome_options)
driver.get('https://web.whatsapp.com')  # Already authenticated
time.sleep(30)

Answer 5

基于@Eduard Florinescu的回答，但添加了更新的代码并缺少导入：

$ cat work-auth.py 
#!/usr/bin/python3

# Setup:
# sudo apt-get install chromium-chromedriver
# sudo -H python3 -m pip install selenium

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--user-data-dir=chrome-data")
driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/bin/chromedriver',options=chrome_options)
chrome_options.add_argument("user-data-dir=chrome-data") 
driver.get('https://www.somedomainthatrequireslogin.com')
time.sleep(30)  # Time to enter credentials
driver.quit()

$ cat work.py 
#!/usr/bin/python3

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--user-data-dir=chrome-data")
driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/bin/chromedriver',options=chrome_options)
driver.get('https://www.somedomainthatrequireslogin.com')  # Already authenticated
time.sleep(10)
driver.quit()

Answer 6

这是我在Windows中使用的代码，它有效。

change-ext css scss

Answer 7

这是一个保存Firefox的配置文件目录的解决方案（类似于Chrome中的user-data-dir（用户数据目录））（它涉及手动复制目录。我一直找不到其他方法):

它在 Linux 上进行了测试。

简短版本：

保存配置文件

driver.execute_script("window.close()")
time.sleep(0.5)
currentProfilePath = driver.capabilities["moz:profile"]
profileStoragePath = "/tmp/abc"
shutil.copytree(currentProfilePath, profileStoragePath,
                ignore_dangling_symlinks=True
                )

加载配置文件

driver = Firefox(executable_path="geckodriver-v0.28.0-linux64",
                 firefox_profile=FirefoxProfile(profileStoragePath)
                )

长版本（演示它的工作原理和大量解释——请参阅代码中的注释）

代码使用 localStorage 进行演示，但它也适用于 cookie。

#initial imports

from selenium.webdriver import Firefox, FirefoxProfile

import shutil
import os.path
import time

# Create a new profile

driver = Firefox(executable_path="geckodriver-v0.28.0-linux64",
                  # * I'm using this particular version. If yours is
                  # named "geckodriver" and placed in system PATH
                  # then this is not necessary
                )

# Navigate to an arbitrary page and set some local storage
driver.get("https://DuckDuckGo.com")
assert driver.execute_script(r"""{
        const tmp = localStorage.a; localStorage.a="1";
        return [tmp, localStorage.a]
    }""") == [None, "1"]

# Make sure that the browser writes the data to profile directory.
# Choose one of the below methods
if 0:
    # Wait for some time for Firefox to flush the local storage to disk.
    # It's a long time. I tried 3 seconds and it doesn't work.
    time.sleep(10)

elif 1:
    # Alternatively:
    driver.execute_script("window.close()")
    # NOTE: It might not work if there are multiple windows!

    # Wait for a bit for the browser to clean up
    # (shutil.copytree might throw some weird error if the source directory changes while copying)
    time.sleep(0.5)

else:
    pass
    # I haven't been able to find any other, more elegant way.
    #`close()` and `quit()` both delete the profile directory


# Copy the profile directory (must be done BEFORE driver.quit()!)
currentProfilePath = driver.capabilities["moz:profile"]
assert os.path.isdir(currentProfilePath)
profileStoragePath = "/tmp/abc"
try:
    shutil.rmtree(profileStoragePath)
except FileNotFoundError:
    pass

shutil.copytree(currentProfilePath, profileStoragePath,
                ignore_dangling_symlinks=True # There's a lock file in the
                                              # profile directory that symlinks
                                              # to some IP address + port
               )

driver.quit()
assert not os.path.isdir(currentProfilePath)
# Selenium cleans up properly if driver.quit() is called,
# but not necessarily if the object is destructed


# Now reopen it with the old profile

driver=Firefox(executable_path="geckodriver-v0.28.0-linux64",
               firefox_profile=FirefoxProfile(profileStoragePath)
              )

# Note that the profile directory is **copied** -- see FirefoxProfile documentation
assert driver.profile.path!=profileStoragePath
assert driver.capabilities["moz:profile"]!=profileStoragePath

# Confusingly...
assert driver.profile.path!=driver.capabilities["moz:profile"]
# And only the latter is updated.
# To save it again, use the same method as previously mentioned

# Check the data is still there

driver.get("https://DuckDuckGo.com")

data = driver.execute_script(r"""return localStorage.a""")
assert data=="1", data

driver.quit()

assert not os.path.isdir(driver.capabilities["moz:profile"])
assert not os.path.isdir(driver.profile.path)

什么不起作用：

初始化 Firefox(capabilities={"moz:profile": "/path/to/directory"}) -- 驱动程序将无法连接。
options=Options(); options.add_argument("profile"); options.add_argument("/path/to/directory"); Firefox(options=options) -- 同上。

Answer 8

试试这个方法：

import pickle
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="chromedriver.exe")
URL = "SITE URL"
driver.get(URL)
sleep(10)
if os.path.exists('cookies.pkl'):
    cookies = pickle.load(open("cookies.pkl", "rb"))
    for cookie in cookies:
        driver.add_cookie(cookie)
    driver.refresh()
    sleep(5)
# check if still need login
# if yes:
# write login code
# when login success save cookies using
pickle.dump(driver.get_cookies(), open("cookies.pkl", "wb"))

Answer 9

我的操作系统是Windows 10，Chrome版本是75.0.3770.100。我尝试了“用户数据目录”解决方案，但没有用。尝试@ Eric Klien的解决方案也失败。最后，我将chrome设置设置为图片，它可以工作！但是在Windows Server 2012上却不起作用。

设置

如何使用Python + Selenium WebDriver保存和加载cookie

9 个答案: