我使用下面的代码获取物理磁盘大小，但返回的大小不正确。我用其他工具检查了尺寸。
以下代码报告
总磁盘空间： 8.249.955.840字节
它应该是
总磁盘空间： 8.254.390.272字节
如何检索实际/正确的物理磁盘大小？在USB驱动器和普通硬盘上测试。代码很长，这里将它分开来显示。
结构：
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct DiskGeometry {
public long Cylinders;
public int MediaType;
public int TracksPerCylinder;
public int SectorsPerTrack;
public int BytesPerSector;
}
原生方法：
internal static class NativeMethods {
[DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError=true, CharSet=CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFile(
string fileName,
uint fileAccess,
uint fileShare,
IntPtr securityAttributes,
uint creationDisposition,
uint flags,
IntPtr template
);
[DllImport("Kernel32.dll", SetLastError=false, CharSet=CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int DeviceIoControl(
SafeFileHandle device,
uint controlCode,
IntPtr inBuffer,
uint inBufferSize,
IntPtr outBuffer,
uint outBufferSize,
ref uint bytesReturned,
IntPtr overlapped
);
internal const uint FileAccessGenericRead=0x80000000;
internal const uint FileShareWrite=0x2;
internal const uint FileShareRead=0x1;
internal const uint CreationDispositionOpenExisting=0x3;
internal const uint IoCtlDiskGetDriveGeometry=0x70000;
}
主要条目：
internal const uint IoCtlDiskGetDriveGeometry=0x70000;
public static void Main() {
SafeFileHandle diskHandle=
NativeMethods.CreateFile(
@"\\.\PhysicalDrive0",
NativeMethods.FileAccessGenericRead,
NativeMethods.FileShareWrite|NativeMethods.FileShareRead,
IntPtr.Zero,
NativeMethods.CreationDispositionOpenExisting,
0,
IntPtr.Zero
);
if(diskHandle.IsInvalid) {
Console.WriteLine("CreateFile failed with error: {0}", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
return;
}
int geometrySize=Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(DiskGeometry));
Console.WriteLine("geometry size = {0}", geometrySize);
IntPtr geometryBlob=Marshal.AllocHGlobal(geometrySize);
uint numBytesRead=0;
if(
0==NativeMethods.DeviceIoControl(
diskHandle,
NativeMethods.IoCtlDiskGetDriveGeometry,
IntPtr.Zero,
0,
geometryBlob,
(uint)geometrySize,
ref numBytesRead,
IntPtr.Zero
)
) {
Console.WriteLine(
"DeviceIoControl failed with error: {0}",
Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()
);
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("Bytes read = {0}", numBytesRead);
DiskGeometry geometry=(DiskGeometry)Marshal.PtrToStructure(geometryBlob, typeof(DiskGeometry));
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(geometryBlob);
long bytesPerCylinder=(long)geometry.TracksPerCylinder*(long)geometry.SectorsPerTrack*(long)geometry.BytesPerSector;
long totalSize=geometry.Cylinders*bytesPerCylinder;
Console.WriteLine("Media Type: {0}", geometry.MediaType);
Console.WriteLine("Cylinders: {0}", geometry.Cylinders);
Console.WriteLine("Tracks per Cylinder: {0}", geometry.TracksPerCylinder);
Console.WriteLine("Sectors per Track: {0}", geometry.SectorsPerTrack);
Console.WriteLine("Bytes per Sector: {0}", geometry.BytesPerSector);
Console.WriteLine("Bytes per Cylinder: {0}", bytesPerCylinder);
Console.WriteLine("Total disk space: {0}", totalSize);
}
答案 0 :(得分：6)
在对DeviceIocontrol进行了一些研究后，我花了大部分时间进行设计。在这里，我将代码分为两部分，为了清晰起见，用命名空间和部分类分开，你可以合并它们，但不能单独使用它们。
namespace DiskManagement {
using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
using LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES=IntPtr;
using LPOVERLAPPED=IntPtr;
using LPVOID=IntPtr;
using HANDLE=IntPtr;
using LARGE_INTEGER=Int64;
using DWORD=UInt32;
using LPCTSTR=String;
public static partial class IoCtl /* methods */ {
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFile(
LPCTSTR lpFileName,
DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
DWORD dwShareMode,
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes,
DWORD dwCreationDisposition,
DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes,
HANDLE hTemplateFile
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
static extern DWORD DeviceIoControl(
SafeFileHandle hDevice,
DWORD dwIoControlCode,
LPVOID lpInBuffer,
DWORD nInBufferSize,
LPVOID lpOutBuffer,
int nOutBufferSize,
ref DWORD lpBytesReturned,
LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped
);
static DWORD CTL_CODE(DWORD DeviceType, DWORD Function, DWORD Method, DWORD Access) {
return (((DeviceType)<<16)|((Access)<<14)|((Function)<<2)|(Method));
}
public static void Execute<T>(
ref T x,
DWORD dwIoControlCode,
LPCTSTR lpFileName,
DWORD dwDesiredAccess=GENERIC_READ,
DWORD dwShareMode=FILE_SHARE_WRITE|FILE_SHARE_READ,
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes=default(LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES),
DWORD dwCreationDisposition=OPEN_EXISTING,
DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes=0,
HANDLE hTemplateFile=default(IntPtr)
) {
using(
var hDevice=
CreateFile(
lpFileName,
dwDesiredAccess, dwShareMode,
lpSecurityAttributes,
dwCreationDisposition, dwFlagsAndAttributes,
hTemplateFile
)
) {
if(null==hDevice||hDevice.IsInvalid)
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
var nOutBufferSize=Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(T));
var lpOutBuffer=Marshal.AllocHGlobal(nOutBufferSize);
var lpBytesReturned=default(DWORD);
var NULL=IntPtr.Zero;
var result=
DeviceIoControl(
hDevice, dwIoControlCode,
NULL, 0,
lpOutBuffer, nOutBufferSize,
ref lpBytesReturned, NULL
);
if(0==result)
throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
x=(T)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lpOutBuffer, typeof(T));
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(lpOutBuffer);
}
}
}
public enum MEDIA_TYPE: int {
Unknown=0,
F5_1Pt2_512=1,
F3_1Pt44_512=2,
F3_2Pt88_512=3,
F3_20Pt8_512=4,
F3_720_512=5,
F5_360_512=6,
F5_320_512=7,
F5_320_1024=8,
F5_180_512=9,
F5_160_512=10,
RemovableMedia=11,
FixedMedia=12,
F3_120M_512=13,
F3_640_512=14,
F5_640_512=15,
F5_720_512=16,
F3_1Pt2_512=17,
F3_1Pt23_1024=18,
F5_1Pt23_1024=19,
F3_128Mb_512=20,
F3_230Mb_512=21,
F8_256_128=22,
F3_200Mb_512=23,
F3_240M_512=24,
F3_32M_512=25
}
partial class DiskGeometry /* structures */ {
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct DISK_GEOMETRY {
internal LARGE_INTEGER Cylinders;
internal MEDIA_TYPE MediaType;
internal DWORD TracksPerCylinder;
internal DWORD SectorsPerTrack;
internal DWORD BytesPerSector;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct DISK_GEOMETRY_EX {
internal DISK_GEOMETRY Geometry;
internal LARGE_INTEGER DiskSize;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=1)]
internal byte[] Data;
}
}
partial class DiskGeometry /* properties and fields */ {
public MEDIA_TYPE MediaType {
get {
return m_Geometry.MediaType;
}
}
public String MediaTypeName {
get {
return Enum.GetName(typeof(MEDIA_TYPE), this.MediaType);
}
}
public override long Cylinder {
get {
return m_Geometry.Cylinders;
}
}
public override uint Head {
get {
return m_Geometry.TracksPerCylinder;
}
}
public override uint Sector {
get {
return m_Geometry.SectorsPerTrack;
}
}
public DWORD BytesPerSector {
get {
return m_Geometry.BytesPerSector;
}
}
public long DiskSize {
get {
return m_DiskSize;
}
}
public long MaximumLinearAddress {
get {
return m_MaximumLinearAddress;
}
}
public CubicAddress MaximumCubicAddress {
get {
return m_MaximumCubicAddress;
}
}
public DWORD BytesPerCylinder {
get {
return m_BytesPerCylinder;
}
}
CubicAddress m_MaximumCubicAddress;
long m_MaximumLinearAddress;
DWORD m_BytesPerCylinder;
LARGE_INTEGER m_DiskSize;
DISK_GEOMETRY m_Geometry;
}
}
首先，我使用using alias directive来进行代码的本机调用，就像在C / C ++中一样。第一部分的要点是IoCtl.Execute方法。它是一种通用方法，类型是根据传递的第一个参数。它隐藏了使用P/Invoke方法编组结构和指针的复杂性。第二个参数是所需的控制代码，它将传递给DeviceIoControl。从第三个参数到最后一个参数与CreateFile完全相同，并且都具有默认值，它们是可选。
以下是代码的下一部分，可能还有更多内容需要提及。
namespace DiskManagement {
using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
using LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES=IntPtr;
using LPOVERLAPPED=IntPtr;
using LPVOID=IntPtr;
using HANDLE=IntPtr;
using LARGE_INTEGER=Int64;
using DWORD=UInt32;
using LPCTSTR=String;
partial class IoCtl /* constants */ {
public const DWORD
DISK_BASE=0x00000007,
METHOD_BUFFERED=0,
FILE_ANY_ACCESS=0;
public const DWORD
GENERIC_READ=0x80000000,
FILE_SHARE_WRITE=0x2,
FILE_SHARE_READ=0x1,
OPEN_EXISTING=0x3;
public static readonly DWORD DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX=
IoCtl.CTL_CODE(DISK_BASE, 0x0028, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS);
public static readonly DWORD DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY=
IoCtl.CTL_CODE(DISK_BASE, 0, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS);
}
public partial class CubicAddress {
public static CubicAddress Transform(long linearAddress, CubicAddress geometry) {
var cubicAddress=new CubicAddress();
var sectorsPerCylinder=geometry.Sector*geometry.Head;
long remainder;
cubicAddress.Cylinder=Math.DivRem(linearAddress, sectorsPerCylinder, out remainder);
cubicAddress.Head=(uint)Math.DivRem(remainder, geometry.Sector, out remainder);
cubicAddress.Sector=1+(uint)remainder;
return cubicAddress;
}
public virtual long Cylinder {
get;
set;
}
public virtual uint Head {
get;
set;
}
public virtual uint Sector {
get;
set;
}
}
public partial class DiskGeometry: CubicAddress {
internal static void ThrowIfDiskSizeOutOfIntegrity(long remainder) {
if(0!=remainder) {
var message="DiskSize is not an integral multiple of a sector size";
throw new ArithmeticException(message);
}
}
public static DiskGeometry FromDevice(String deviceName) {
return new DiskGeometry(deviceName);
}
DiskGeometry(String deviceName) {
var x=new DISK_GEOMETRY_EX();
IoCtl.Execute(ref x, IoCtl.DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX, deviceName);
m_DiskSize=x.DiskSize;
m_Geometry=x.Geometry;
long remainder;
m_MaximumLinearAddress=Math.DivRem(DiskSize, BytesPerSector, out remainder)-1;
ThrowIfDiskSizeOutOfIntegrity(remainder);
m_BytesPerCylinder=BytesPerSector*Sector*Head;
m_MaximumCubicAddress=DiskGeometry.Transform(m_MaximumLinearAddress, this);
}
}
}
IoCtl.CTL_CODE最初是C / C ++代码中的一个宏，但是c＃没有宏，因此我将DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX之类的声明更改为static readonly值，视为< strong>运行时常量。删除了一些常量（如IOCTL_）的前缀，因为有类名来限定它们。这部分的最重要的一点是类CubicAddress，它是新定义的类DiskGeometry的基础。你可能想知道为什么甚至更多的疑惑。
实际上，类CubicAddress是用于存储CHS address物理磁盘的简单类，并提供了一种从LBA格式转换地址的方法，我将其命名为{{1} }}。虽然我从未听说有人将Transform命名为立方体，但我认为像几何/体积这样的术语在数学和环绕物理磁盘中具有相同的用法。
CHS可能是CHS，(x ,y, z)或您可以以立方方式对其进行建模的任何其他内容。它们可能具有坐标用于寻址，也可用于描述几何体，如 vector 。因此，课程(R, G, B)有两个用法：
CubicAddress / CHS转化是线性转换/组合，我只写了LBA Transform到LBA }。 CHS的参数geometry是转换引用的几何，它是必需的，因为 线性地址可以转换为具有不同几何的不同坐标 < / strong>即可。
关于命名，代表Transform之类的字词应采用复数形式，例如SectorsPerTrack。但是，由于Sectors的双重用法，我更喜欢使用单数形式。
最后，这是测试类
CubicAddress答案 1 :(得分：1)
您的代码以错误的方式计算 。关于物理到逻辑扇区数计算的描述，请看维基百科上的文章
以下是在线双向转换脚本
根据你的帖子，实际的最后一个部门将在
chs（1003,137,30）=（（1003 * 255）+ 137）* 63 + 30 - 1 = lba（16121855）
大小将是
总扇区= 1 + 16121855 = 16121856扇区
16121856 *每扇区512字节= 8254390272字节
由于您指定应 8,254,390,272，我会根据该大小计算最后一个物理扇区。
255 * 63仅适用于对齐，它被称为柱面边界。通常，物理最后一个扇区 NOT 在边界处结束，但由于不访问不存在扇区，它应该大于 < / p>
[总气缸] * [每个气缸的轨迹（也包括头部）] * [每个轨道的扇区]
例如，如果您的物理最后一个扇区是上面的计算值，那么只需忽略1002旁边的柱面，并使用扇区max到chs(1002, 255, 63)作为您的逻辑最后一个扇区会安全的。
要获取物理磁盘大小，您可以使用控制代码DeviceIoControl调用IOCTL_DISK_GET_DRIVE_GEOMETRY_EX。以下是MSDN上的参考资料