我有这张桌子:
CREATE TABLE `ClientesHora_copy` (
`dia` varchar(6) default NULL,
`hora` varchar(2) default NULL,
`sit` varchar(17) default NULL,
`nodo` varchar(6) default NULL,
`clientes` decimal(41,0) default NULL,
`segundos` double default NULL,
`llamadas` decimal(41,0) default NULL,
`fecha` datetime default NULL,
KEY `nodo_fecha` (`nodo`,`fecha`),
KEY `nodo` (`nodo`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
和这个查询:
SET @sitio= 'ABA000';
SET @horaini='2013-02-12 15:18:00';
SET @horafin='2013-02-12 20:36:00';
EXPLAIN SELECT nodo,sit,clientes,segundos,llamadas,fecha,hora,@horaini AS horaini,@horafin AS horafin
FROM `ClientesHora_copy`
WHERE
nodo =@sitio
AND
fecha BETWEEN DATE_SUB(DATE_FORMAT(@horaini, "%Y-%m-%d %H:00:00"), INTERVAL 7 DAY)
AND DATE_SUB(DATE_FORMAT(@horafin, "%Y-%m-%d %H:00:00"), INTERVAL 7 DAY)
我在解释中有这个
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
------ ----------- ----------------- ------ ------------- ------ ------- ------ ------- -------------
1 SIMPLE ClientesHora_copy ALL (NULL) (NULL) (NULL) (NULL) 2716460 Using where
但如果我不使用@sitio变量(但使用@horaini,@ horafin变量):
EXPLAIN SELECT nodo,sit,clientes,segundos,llamadas,fecha,hora,@horaini AS horaini,@horafin AS horafin
FROM `ClientesHora_copy`
WHERE
nodo ='ABA000'
AND
fecha BETWEEN DATE_SUB(DATE_FORMAT(@horaini, "%Y-%m-%d %H:00:00"), INTERVAL 7 DAY)
AND DATE_SUB(DATE_FORMAT(@horafin, "%Y-%m-%d %H:00:00"), INTERVAL 7 DAY)
我明白了:
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
------ ----------- ----------------- ------ --------------- ---------- ------- ------ ------ -------------
1 SIMPLE ClientesHora_copy range nodo_fecha,nodo nodo_fecha 18 (NULL) 1 Using where
任何想法为什么Mysql不使用@sitio变量的索引,但它与@fechaini和@fechafin一起使用?
谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:13)
最可能的解释是列nodo
是字符数据类型,character_set_connection
与为列指定的字符集不匹配。
如果使用latin1
characterset定义列,请尝试:
WHERE nodo = CONVERT(@sitio USING latin1)
作为演示,使用utf8,explain输出显示没有可用的索引:
EXPLAIN SELECT t.* FROM mytable t WHERE t.foo = CONVERT(@foo USING utf8)
^^^^
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
-- ----------- ----- ---- ------------- ------ ------- ------ ---- -----------
1 SIMPLE t ALL (NULL) (NULL) (NULL) (NULL) 3 Using where
但是对于latin1,解释输出显示索引可用(并且已使用):
EXPLAIN SELECT t.* FROM mytable t WHERE t.foo = CONVERT(@foo USING latin1)
^^^^^^
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
-- ----------- ----- ---- ------------- ------ ------- ------ ---- -----------
1 SIMPLE t ref t_ix t_ix 13 const 1 Using where