Question

从python-2.5升级到python-2.7时，以下代码被破坏了：

>>> import urllib
>>> import urllib2
>>> from django.conf import settings

>>> settings.AUTH_URL
'https://auth.example.net/auth/'
>>> settings.HTTP_PROXY
{'http': 'http://proxy.example.net', 'https': 'https://proxy.example.net'}
>>> cred = urllib.urlencode({'username': 'someuser', 'password': 'somepasswd'})

>>> urllib2.urlopen(settings.AUTH_URL, data=cred).read()
'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><auth><username value="someuser">true</username><password>true</password></auth>'

>>> urllib2.build_opener().open(settings.AUTH_URL, data=cred).read()
'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><auth><username value="someuser">true</username><password>true</password></auth>'

>>> urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.ProxyHandler(settings.HTTP_PROXY)).open(settings.AUTH_URL, data=cred).read()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 394, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 412, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 372, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1207, in https_open
    return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPSConnection, req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1174, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 111] Connection refused>

>>> opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.ProxyHandler(settings.HTTP_PROXY))
>>> opener
<urllib2.OpenerDirector instance at 0x1bc39d40>
>>> opener.__dict__
{'addheaders': [('User-agent', 'Python-urllib/2.7')],
 'handle_error': {'http': {301: [<urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler instance at 0x1bc3f7a0>],
                       302: [<urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler instance at 0x1bc3f7a0>],
                       303: [<urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler instance at 0x1bc3f7a0>],
                       307: [<urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler instance at 0x1bc3f7a0>],
                       'default': [<urllib2.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler instance at 0x1bc3f7e8>]}},
 'handle_open': {'file': [<urllib2.FileHandler instance at 0x1bc43098>],
             'ftp': [<urllib2.FTPHandler instance at 0x1bc3ffc8>],
             'http': [<urllib2.ProxyHandler instance at 0x1bfa0638>,
                      <urllib2.HTTPHandler instance at 0x1bc3f758>],
             'https': [<urllib2.ProxyHandler instance at 0x1bfa0638>,
                       <urllib2.HTTPSHandler instance at 0x1bc43200>],
             'unknown': [<urllib2.UnknownHandler instance at 0x1bc3f830>]},
 'handlers': [<urllib2.ProxyHandler instance at 0x1bfa0638>,
          <urllib2.UnknownHandler instance at 0x1bc3f830>,
          <urllib2.HTTPHandler instance at 0x1bc3f758>,
          <urllib2.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler instance at 0x1bc3f7e8>,
          <urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler instance at 0x1bc3f7a0>,
          <urllib2.FTPHandler instance at 0x1bc3ffc8>,
          <urllib2.FileHandler instance at 0x1bc43098>,
          <urllib2.HTTPSHandler instance at 0x1bc43200>,
          <urllib2.HTTPErrorProcessor instance at 0x1bc43128>],
 'process_request': {'http': [<urllib2.HTTPHandler instance at 0x1bc3f758>],
                 'https': [<urllib2.HTTPSHandler instance at 0x1bc43200>]},
 'process_response': {'http': [<urllib2.HTTPErrorProcessor instance at 0x1bc43128>],
                  'https': [<urllib2.HTTPErrorProcessor instance at 0x1bc43128>]}}
>>> sock = opener.open(settings.AUTH_URL, data=cred)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 394, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 412, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 372, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1207, in https_open
    return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPSConnection, req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1174, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 111] Connection refused>

这最后一个表达式仍适用于python-2.5，但在具有相同代理和url设置的同一物理机器上不适用于2.7。知道为什么吗？

Answer 1

通过从settings.HTTP_PROXY中删除“https”键解决但不确定原因。该网址仍为HTTPS。

从python-2.5升级到2.7时，使用HTTPS回归的urllib2.ProxyHandler

1 个答案: