读取内存映射文件或内存映射视图访问器的所有内容,而不知道它的大小

时间:2013-02-19 08:56:26

标签: c# .net ipc accessor memory-mapped-files

我需要类似于ReadToEnd或ReadAllBytes的东西来使用MappedViewAccessor读取MemoryMappedFile的所有内容,如果我不知道它的大小,我该怎么办?

我已经搜索过了,我已经看到了这个问题,但这不是我要找的东西:

How can I quickly read bytes from a memory mapped file in .NET?

修改

有一个问题,(int)stream.Length没有给我正确的长度,而是给出了使用的内部缓冲区的大小!我需要更新这个问题,因为它非常迫切。

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:15)

而是使用Stream:

public static Byte[] ReadMMFAllBytes(string fileName)
{
    using (var mmf = MemoryMappedFile.OpenExisting(fileName))
    {
        using (var stream = mmf.CreateViewStream())
        {
            using (BinaryReader binReader = new BinaryReader(stream))
            {
                return binReader.ReadBytes((int)stream.Length);
            }
        }
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:6)

你做不到。

使用系统页面的最小大小创建视图访问器,这意味着它可能大于实际文件。视图流只是访问者的流形式,因此它也会产生相同的行为。

  

“以系统页面为单位提供视图,以及视图的大小   被四舍五入到下一个系统页面大小“

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd267577.aspx

访问者很乐意在实际文件之外读写,而不会抛出异常。读取时,文件外的任何字节都将为零。写入时,文件外部写入的字节将被忽略。

要从具有原始文件大小的内存映射文件中读取文件,您必须已知道该大小。

答案 2 :(得分:6)

这很难回答,因为您还没有指定申请的许多细节,但我认为Guffa和Amer的答案仍然部分正确:

  • MemoryMappedFile比文件更多内存;它是内存中4Kb页面的序列。所以,stream.Length实际上会给你所有的字节(没有“内部缓冲区大小”),但它可能会给你更多的字节,因为大小总是四舍五入到4Kb边界。
  • “文件”语义来自将MemoryMappedFile与真实文件系统文件相关联。假设创建文件的进程总是调整文件大小,那么您可以通过fileSystem获得文件的精确大小。

如果以上所有内容都适合您的应用程序,则以下内容应该有效:

    static byte[] ReadMemoryMappedFile(string fileName)
    {
        long length = new FileInfo(fileName).Length;
        using (var stream = File.Open(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite))
        {
            using (var mmf = MemoryMappedFile.CreateFromFile(stream, null, length, MemoryMappedFileAccess.Read, null, HandleInheritability.Inheritable, false))
            {
                using (var viewStream = mmf.CreateViewStream(0, length, MemoryMappedFileAccess.Read))
                {
                    using (BinaryReader binReader = new BinaryReader(viewStream))
                    {
                        var result = binReader.ReadBytes((int)length);
                        return result;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

要编写数据,您可以使用:

    private static void WriteData(string fileName, byte[] data)
    {
        using (var stream = File.Open(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.ReadWrite))
        {
            using (var mmf = MemoryMappedFile.CreateFromFile(stream, null, data.Length, MemoryMappedFileAccess.ReadWrite, null, HandleInheritability.Inheritable, true))
            {
                using (var view = mmf.CreateViewAccessor())
                {
                    view.WriteArray(0, data, 0, data.Length);
                }
            }

            stream.SetLength(data.Length);  // Make sure the file is the correct length, in case the data got smaller.
        }
    }

但是,当您执行上述所有操作时,您可以直接使用该文件并避免内存映射。如果将其映射到文件系统是不可接受的,那么Guffa在数据本身中编码长度(或结束标记)的答案可能是最好的。

答案 3 :(得分:2)

由 MemoryMappedFile 创建的流的长度与文件系统页面大小(通常为 4096)对齐。您必须从其他地方获取文件大小。如果它是内存映射文件,您可以使用该代码:

byte[] ReadAllMemoryMappedFileBytes(string filePath)
{
    var fileInfo = new FileInfo(filePath);
    using (var file = MemoryMappedFile.CreateFromFile(filePath, FileMode.Open))
    using (var stream = file.CreateViewAccessor())
    {
        byte[] bytes = new byte[fileInfo.Length];
        stream.ReadArray(0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
        return bytes;
    }
}

答案 4 :(得分:1)

使用FileInfo类获取长度,如下所示

using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.IO.MemoryMappedFiles;

// ...

public void WriteToMemoryMap(DataSet ds, string key, string fileName)
{
    var bytes = CompressData(ds);
    using (MemoryMappedFile objMf = MemoryMappedFile.CreateFromFile(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, key, bytes.Length))
    {
        using (MemoryMappedViewAccessor accessor = objMf.CreateViewAccessor())
        {
            accessor.WriteArray(0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
        }
    }
}
public DataSet ReadFromMemoryMap(string fileName)
{
    var fi = new FileInfo(fileName);
    var length = (int)fi.Length;
    var newBytes = new byte[length];
    using (MemoryMappedFile objMf = MemoryMappedFile.CreateFromFile(fileName, FileMode.Open))
    {
        using (MemoryMappedViewAccessor accessor = objMf.CreateViewAccessor())
        {
            accessor.ReadArray(0, newBytes, 0, length);
        }
    }
    return DecompressData(newBytes);
}
public byte[] CompressData(DataSet ds)
{
    try
    {
        byte[] data = null;
        var memStream = new MemoryStream();
        var zipStream = new GZipStream(memStream, CompressionMode.Compress);
        ds.WriteXml(zipStream, XmlWriteMode.WriteSchema);
        zipStream.Close();
        data = memStream.ToArray();
        memStream.Close();
        return data;
    }
    catch (Exception)
    {
        return null;
    }
}
public DataSet DecompressData(byte[] data)
{
    try
    {
        var memStream = new MemoryStream(data);
        var unzipStream = new GZipStream(memStream, CompressionMode.Decompress);
        var objDataSet = new DataSet();
        objDataSet.ReadXml(unzipStream, XmlReadMode.ReadSchema);
        unzipStream.Close();
        memStream.Close();
        return objDataSet;
    }
    catch (Exception)
    {
        return null;
    }
}

答案 5 :(得分:0)

将@Amer Sawan解决方案翻译为Vb.NET:

' Usage Example:
' Dim ReadBytes As Byte() = ReadMemoryMappedFile(Name:="My MemoryMappedFile Name") ' Read the byte-sequence from memory.
' Dim Message As String = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(ReadBytes.ToArray) ' Convert the bytes to String.
' Message = Message.Trim({ControlChars.NullChar}) ' Remove null chars (leading zero-bytes)
' MessageBox.Show(Message, "", MessageBoxButtons.OK) ' Show the message.    '
'
''' <summary>
''' Reads a byte-sequence from a <see cref="IO.MemoryMappedFiles.MemoryMappedFile"/> without knowing the exact size.
''' Note that the returned byte-length is rounded up to 4kb, 
''' this means if the mapped memory-file was written with 1 byte-length, this method will return 4096 byte-length. 
''' </summary>
''' <param name="Name">Indicates an existing <see cref="IO.MemoryMappedFiles.MemoryMappedFile"/> assigned name.</param>
''' <returns>System.Byte().</returns>
Private Function ReadMemoryMappedFile(ByVal Name As String) As Byte()

    Try
        Using MemoryFile As IO.MemoryMappedFiles.MemoryMappedFile =
            IO.MemoryMappedFiles.MemoryMappedFile.OpenExisting(Name, IO.MemoryMappedFiles.MemoryMappedFileRights.ReadWrite)

            Using Stream = MemoryFile.CreateViewStream()

                Using Reader As New BinaryReader(Stream)

                    Return Reader.ReadBytes(CInt(Stream.Length))

                End Using ' Reader

            End Using ' Stream

        End Using ' MemoryFile

    Catch exNoFile As IO.FileNotFoundException
        Throw
        Return Nothing

    Catch ex As Exception
        Throw

    End Try

End Function

答案 6 :(得分:0)

我想从MemoryStream .ToArray()方法中获取一些东西来返回所有字节,下面的代码对我有效:

using (MemoryMappedFile mmf = MemoryMappedFile.OpenExisting(MemoryMappedName))
{
    using (MemoryMappedViewStream stream = mmf.CreateViewStream())
    {
        using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream())
        {
            stream.CopyTo(memStream);
            return memStream.ToArray();
        }
    }
}

干杯!