如果有更多关于此的帖子,我提前道歉,我查看了相关的帖子,但找不到解决方案。我正在开发一个名为Person Tester的项目,其中包含;
接下来,系统会提示用户输入姓名,电子邮件地址和客户编号(如果选择了客户)或社会安全号码(如果选择了员工)。
< / LI>收集到正确的数据后,信息将以这种格式打印到控制台:
name: first last
email: jondoe@fakemail.com
social security number: XXXXXXXXXXX (if employee)
customer number: XXXXXX (if customer)
此程序处理继承和由员工类和客户类扩展的抽象人员类。另一个规定声明person类应该包含一个名为getDisplayText的抽象方法,该方法返回一个字符串。
这就是我的问题所在,这是我第一次使用抽象类。
我的问题是为什么我只能在perosn类中打印toString方法来显示输入的所有用户数据,这些数据将我带到下一期,该程序需要有一个额外的组件(我引用我的任务):要将对象的数据打印到控制台,此应用程序应使用名为print的静态方法接受Person对象。
我不知道如何实现这个,因为它从未在课堂上讨论过。我试图简单地编写以下代码:System.out.print(aPerson.toString)但我得到的只是Name的空白值:和社会安全号码:。我疯了,我已经在这个工作了几个小时,并重新阅读相关的文本至少4次。这是我的最后一招。请指导我正确的方向我不介意长时间工作正确。
我已经编写了大部分应用程序,现在我只是坚持如何将数据打印到控制台。任何和所有的建议都很感激,这是我的代码:
public class CH08PR82App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.print("Welcome to the Person Tester Application");
System.out.println();
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
Person aPerson;
aPerson = new Person();
if (aPerson != null) {
System.out.println(aPerson.toString());
}
String choice = "y";
while (choice.equalsIgnoreCase("y")) {
//prompt user to enter customer or employee
System.out.print("Create customer or employee (c/e): ");
String userType = sc.nextLine();
if (userType.equalsIgnoreCase("c")) {
String firstName = Validator.getStringInput(sc, "Enter first name: ");
String lastName = Validator.getStringInput(sc, "Enter last name: ");
String email = Validator.getStringInput(sc, "Enter email address: ");
String custNumber = Validator.getStringInput(sc, "Customer number: ");
//System.out.println(custNumber);
} else if (userType.equalsIgnoreCase("e")) {
String firstName = Validator.getStringInput(sc, "Enter first name: ");
String lastName = Validator.getStringInput(sc, "Enter last name: ");
String email = Validator.getStringInput(sc, "Enter email address: ");
int empSoc = Validator.getInt(sc, "Social security number: ");
}
choice = Validator.getStringContinue(sc, "Continue? (y/n): ");
}
}
}
abstract class Person {
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private String eMail;
public Person() {
firstName = "";
lastName = "";
eMail = "";
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String geteMail() {
return eMail;
}
public void seteMail(String eMail) {
this.eMail = eMail;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Name: " + this.firstName + this.lastName + "\n" + "E-mail: "
+ this.eMail;
}
abstract String getDisplayText();
}
abstract class Customer extends Person {
private String customerNumber;
public Customer() {
super.toString();
customerNumber = "";
}
public void setcustomerNumber(String customerNumber) {
this.customerNumber = customerNumber;
}
public String getcustomerNumber() {
return customerNumber;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + "Social Security number: " + customerNumber
+ "\n";
}
}
abstract class Employee extends Person {
private String socNumber;
public Employee() {
super.toString();
socNumber = "";
}
public void setsocNumber(String socNumber) {
this.socNumber = socNumber;
}
public String getsocNumber() {
return socNumber;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + "Social Security number: " + socNumber
+ "\n";
}
}
class Validator {
public static String getStringContinue(Scanner sc, String prompt) {
boolean isValid = false;
String s = "";
while (isValid == false) {
System.out.print(prompt);
if (sc.hasNext("y")) {
s = sc.nextLine(); // read entire line
isValid = true;
} else if (sc.hasNext("n")) {
s = sc.nextLine();
isValid = true;
} else {
s = sc.nextLine();
isValid = false;
System.out.println("Error! Invalid string value. Try again.");
}
}
return s;
}
public static String getStringInput(Scanner sc, String prompt) {
boolean isValid = false;
String s = "";
while (isValid == false) {
System.out.print(prompt);
if (sc.hasNext()) {
s = sc.nextLine(); // read entire line
isValid = true;
} else {
System.out.println("Error! Invalid string value. Try again.");
}
}
return s;
}
public static int getInt(Scanner sc, String prompt) {
int i = 0;
boolean isValid = false;
while (isValid == false) {
System.out.print(prompt);
if (sc.hasNextInt()) {
i = sc.nextInt();
isValid = true;
} else {
System.out.println("Error! Invalid integer value. Try again.");
}
sc.nextLine(); // discard any other data entered on the line
}
return i;
}
public static int getInt(Scanner sc, String prompt, int min, int max) {
int i = 0;
boolean isValid = false;
while (isValid == false) {
i = getInt(sc, prompt);
if (i <= min) {
System.out.println("Error! Number must be greater than " + min
+ ".");
} else if (i >= max) {
System.out.println("Error! Number must be less than " + max
+ ".");
} else {
isValid = true;
}
}
return i;
}
public static double getDouble(Scanner sc, String prompt) {
double d = 0;
boolean isValid = false;
while (isValid == false) {
System.out.print(prompt);
if (sc.hasNextDouble()) {
d = sc.nextDouble();
isValid = true;
} else {
System.out.println("Error! Invalid decimal value. Try again.");
}
sc.nextLine(); // discard any other data entered on the line
}
return d;
}
public static double getDouble(Scanner sc, String prompt, double min,
double max) {
double d = 0;
boolean isValid = false;
while (isValid == false) {
d = getDouble(sc, prompt);
if (d <= min) {
System.out.println("Error! Number must be greater than " + min
+ ".");
} else if (d >= max) {
System.out.println("Error! Number must be less than " + max
+ ".");
} else {
isValid = true;
}
}
return d;
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我们先来看看打印方法:
public static void print(Person person) {
System.out.println(person.toString());
}
现在你需要在Person类中使用抽象方法:
public abstract String getDisplayText(Person person);
您将在Employee和Customer类中覆盖:
// Employee
@Override
public String getDisplayText(Person person) {
return ((Employee)person).toString();
}
和
// Customer
@Override
public String getDisplayText(Person person) {
return ((Customer)person).toString();
}
他们希望您将方法设计为抽象,因为每个实现都不同 - 客户有一个客户ID,员工有一个Soc编号。
现在让我们解释一下静态和抽象方法:静态方法和抽象方法的区别在于抽象方法只是一个标题 - 实现在于子类。而静态方法意味着您可以在不首先创建对象的情况下调用它。
使用这种特定的静态方法非常简单。让我们说你有:
Person john = new Customer();
... // Fill john with data
Person.print(john);
在我看来,你对所有这些抽象和静态的东西有点困惑。抽象类是一个无法创建对象的类。在您的示例中,您有一个抽象类Person。这个类是抽象的,因为你需要一个客户或一个雇员(两者都是人,因此是Person类的继承),但你不想存储关于不属于这些人的信息。这也是你不能这样做的原因:
Person john = new Person(); // Build error
但你可以(而且应该)这样做:
Person john = new Employee(); // Will compile and run