我正在尝试学习一些关于套接字编程的知识,我偶然发现了TcpListener和TcpClient,因为我读到它们对初学者来说稍微容易一些。 我想要完成的基本要点是拥有一个小型表格,可以在我的笔记本电脑和同一网络上的另一台笔记本电脑上运行,并让他们能够进行通信,即相互发送一串文字。有了这个,我希望能进一步发展它:)
到目前为止,我已经使用msdn和互联网上的各种指南创建了客户端和服务器程序。我可以让他们在一台笔记本电脑上运行时进行通信,但是当我将客户端移动到另一台笔记本电脑时,我无处可去。我认为我的主要问题是我不太了解客户端如何找到服务器IP,因为我认为我可以对其进行硬编码,但是当我再次回来时,我确信IP会发生变化。有没有办法让两者以更动态的方式连接以包含不断变化的IP? 我目前的客户代码:
public void msg(string mesg)
{
lstProgress.Items.Add(">> " + mesg);
}
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string message = "Test";
try
{
// Create a TcpClient.
// Note, for this client to work you need to have a TcpServer
// connected to the same address as specified by the server, port
// combination.
Int32 port = 1333;
TcpClient client = new TcpClient(<not sure>, port); //Unsure of IP to use.
// Translate the passed message into ASCII and store it as a Byte array.
Byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message);
// Get a client stream for reading and writing.
// Stream stream = client.GetStream();
NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();
// Send the message to the connected TcpServer.
stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
lstProgress.Items.Add(String.Format("Sent: {0}", message));
// Receive the TcpServer.response.
// Buffer to store the response bytes.
data = new Byte[256];
// String to store the response ASCII representation.
String responseData = String.Empty;
// Read the first batch of the TcpServer response bytes.
Int32 bytes = stream.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
responseData = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data, 0, bytes);
lstProgress.Items.Add(String.Format("Received: {0}", responseData));
// Close everything.
stream.Close();
client.Close();
}
catch (ArgumentNullException an)
{
lstProgress.Items.Add(String.Format("ArgumentNullException: {0}", an));
}
catch (SocketException se)
{
lstProgress.Items.Add(String.Format("SocketException: {0}", se));
}
}
我当前的服务器代码:
private void Prog_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
bw.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;
bw.WorkerReportsProgress = true;
bw.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(bw_DoWork);
bw.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler(bw_ProgressChanged);
if (bw.IsBusy != true)
{
bw.RunWorkerAsync();
}
}
private void bw_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
lstProgress.Items.Add(e.UserState);
}
private void bw_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
BackgroundWorker worker = sender as BackgroundWorker;
if ((worker.CancellationPending == true))
{
e.Cancel = true;
}
else
{
try
{
// Set the TcpListener on port 1333.
Int32 port = 1333;
//IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
TcpListener server = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, port);
// Start listening for client requests.
server.Start();
// Buffer for reading data
Byte[] bytes = new Byte[256];
String data = null;
// Enter the listening loop.
while (true)
{
bw.ReportProgress(0, "Waiting for a connection... ");
// Perform a blocking call to accept requests.
// You could also user server.AcceptSocket() here.
TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient();
bw.ReportProgress(0, "Connected!");
data = null;
// Get a stream object for reading and writing
NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();
int i;
// Loop to receive all the data sent by the client.
while ((i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0)
{
// Translate data bytes to a ASCII string.
data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, i);
bw.ReportProgress(0, String.Format("Received: {0}", data));
// Process the data sent by the client.
data = String.Format("I Have Received Your Message: {0}", data);
byte[] mssg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Send back a response.
stream.Write(mssg, 0, mssg.Length);
bw.ReportProgress(0, String.Format("Sent: {0}", data));
}
// Shutdown and end connection
client.Close();
}
}
catch (SocketException se)
{
bw.ReportProgress(0, String.Format("SocketException: {0}", se));
}
}
}
你可能会说我对这是全新的,所以如果有更好的方法来实现这一点,我非常乐意学习! 感谢您提前提供任何帮助:)
我的解决方案归功于以下答案:
private String IPAddressCheck()
{
var IPAddr = Dns.GetHostEntry("HostName");
IPAddress ipString = null;
foreach (var IP in IPAddr.AddressList)
{
if(IPAddress.TryParse(IP.ToString(), out ipString) && IP.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
{
break;
}
}
return ipString.ToString();
}
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string message = "Test";
try
{
Int32 port = 1337;
string IPAddr = IPAddressCheck();
TcpClient client = new TcpClient(IPAddr, port);
我不确定它是否是最好的解决方案,但效果很好,所以谢谢你的答案:)
答案 0 :(得分:1)
不太确定你的意思是'更有活力的方式来包含改变的ip'。猜猜你现在的初学者:
TcpClient client = new TcpClient(<not sure>, port); //Unsure of IP to use.
您可以同时运行客户端和服务器在同一台机器上并使用本地环回IP地址:
IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1")
如果它们在不同的计算机上运行,只需将127.0.0.1替换为服务器正在使用的任何IP地址(假设没有NAT或防火墙)。
如果您不想使用IP地址,您可以始终使用主机名(这些可能被认为更“动态”)但这需要适当配置的DNS设置(对于本地系统):
TcpClient client = new TcpClient("testMachine1", 1333);
学习套接字编程真是太棒了。我是网络图书馆networkcomms.net的开发者,所以如果你想学习自己的同时也想从工作实例中反向工作,请查看wpf chat example。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
如果您知道要连接的计算机的名称,那么您可以使用System.Net.DNS轻松找到其IP。
var ip = System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry("JacksLaptop");
string ipString = ip.AddressList[0].ToString();
您认为正在使用的IP可能不是该阵列的0位置,因此请注意。