我有一个小项目，我正在努力帮助学习as3。它是与基础游戏设计与Actionscript 3.0的书的变化。我只使用fla来拥有一个文档类。所有艺术都在as文件中加载。在书中，他只是将所有代码放在文档类中，我跟着它并按预期工作。我试图将代码分解为单独的类来获取OOP的句柄。一个类创建一个背景 - Background.as，一个创建一个字符 - Character.as，一个创建一个按钮，我为6个不同的按钮实例化6次 - GameButton.as。当然还有GameWorld.as这是文档类。一切都加载并按预期显示。但是，当我尝试为按钮添加eventListener时，我没有得到任何响应。我已经尝试将eventListener放在GameButton.as中，并且还在GameWorld.as中尝试过，但两者都没有。我在实例化各种类时也传递了对舞台的引用，因为当我在GameWorld.as中尝试addChild时，什么都不会出现。我搜索了网站，发现了类似的东西，但似乎没有帮助。提前感谢您的任何建议。这是代码：
GameWorld.as
package
{
import flash.net.URLRequest;
import flash.display.Loader;
import flash.display.Sprite;
import flash.display.DisplayObject
import flash.events.MouseEvent;
import GameButton;
import Character;
import Background;
[SWR(width = "550", height = "400", backgroundColor = "#FFFFFF", frameRate = "60")]
public class GameWorld extends Sprite
{
//public variables
//Background
public var gameBackground:Background;
//Character
public var catCharacter:Character;
//Buttons
public var upButton:GameButton;
public var downButton:GameButton;
public var growButton:GameButton;
public var shrinkButton:GameButton;
public var vanishButton:GameButton;
public var spinButton:GameButton;
public function GameWorld ()
{
//Add the background to the stage
gameBackground = new Background("../images/background.png", stage);
//Add the character(s) to the stage
catCharacter = new Character("../images/character.png", stage);
//Set initial character position
catCharacter.CharacterPos(225, 150);
//Add the buttons to the stage
upButton = new GameButton("../images/up.png", stage, 25, 25);
downButton = new GameButton("../images/down.png", stage, 25, 85);
growButton = new GameButton("../images/grow.png", stage, 25, 145);
shrinkButton = new GameButton("../images/shrink.png", stage, 425, 25);
vanishButton = new GameButton("../images/vanish.png", stage, 425, 85);
spinButton = new GameButton("../images/spin.png", stage, 425, 145);
//Button event handlers
upButton.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, upButtonHandler);
}
public function upButtonHandler(event:MouseEvent)
{
trace("You clicked the up button!");
catCharacter.CharacterMove(15);
}
}
}
GameButton.as
package
{
import flash.net.URLRequest;
import flash.display.Loader;
import flash.display.Sprite;
import flash.display.Stage;
import flash.events.MouseEvent;
public class GameButton extends Sprite
{
//public variables
public var stageRef:Stage;
public var urlRequest:URLRequest;
public var gameButtonLoader:Loader;
public var gameButtonSprite:Sprite;
//Constructor
public function GameButton (urlRequest:String, stageRef:Stage, xPos:Number, yPos:Number)
{
this.stageRef = stageRef
this.urlRequest = new URLRequest();
gameButtonLoader = new Loader();
gameButtonSprite = new Sprite();
this.urlRequest.url = urlRequest;
gameButtonLoader.load(this.urlRequest);
gameButtonSprite.addChild(gameButtonLoader);
this.stageRef.addChild(gameButtonSprite);
gameButtonSprite.buttonMode = true;
gameButtonSprite.x = xPos;
gameButtonSprite.y = yPos;
}
}
}
Character.as
package
{
import flash.net.URLRequest;
import flash.display.Loader;
import flash.display.Sprite;
import flash.display.Stage;
public class Character
{
//private variables
private var stageRef:Stage;
private var urlRequest:URLRequest;
private var characterLoader:Loader;
private var characterSprite:Sprite;
//public variables
public var character_x_pos:Number;
public var character_y_pos:Number;
//Constructor
public function Character (urlRequest:String, stageRef:Stage)
{
this.stageRef = stageRef;
this.urlRequest = new URLRequest();
characterLoader = new Loader();
characterSprite = new Sprite();
this.urlRequest.url = urlRequest;
characterLoader.load (this.urlRequest);
characterSprite.addChild (characterLoader);
this.stageRef.addChild (characterSprite);
characterSprite.mouseEnabled = false;
}
//Set the position of the character
public function CharacterPos(xPos:Number, yPos:Number):void
{
characterSprite.x = xPos;
characterSprite.y = yPos;
}
//Move the position of the character
public function CharacterMove( yPos:Number):void
{
characterSprite.y -= yPos;
}
}
}
Background.as
package
{
import flash.net.URLRequest;
import flash.display.Loader;
import flash.display.Sprite;
import flash.display.Stage;
public class Background
{
//Private variables
private var stageRef:Stage;
private var urlRequest:URLRequest;
private var backgroundLoader:Loader;
private var backgroundSprite:Sprite;
//Constructor
public function Background (urlRequest:String, stageRef:Stage)
{
this.stageRef = stageRef;
this.urlRequest = new URLRequest();
backgroundLoader = new Loader();
backgroundSprite = new Sprite();
this.urlRequest.url = urlRequest;
backgroundLoader.load (this.urlRequest);
backgroundSprite.addChild (backgroundLoader);
this.stageRef.addChild (backgroundSprite);
backgroundSprite.mouseEnabled = false;
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：0)
所有艺术都加载在as文件中。
这不是我推荐的方法。上帝给了我们Flash IDE是有原因的 - 而且不是编写代码！除非您有实际要求在运行时更改视觉效果，否则任何时候在代码中花费布局和视频时都会浪费。您的路径都是硬编码的事实表明您没有这个要求。
让我们退后一步，想象你有一个包含6个符号的符号，你只需要创建Flash按钮（当你选择Button作为符号类型时）。这些将是SimpleButtons，但在下面的类中，我们只是将它们键入DisplayObject。 Class不关心它们是什么，但是使用Simplebutton会给它们提供up，down，down和hit状态，不需要代码。
请注意，下面假设你已经“自动声明舞台实例”，这是IMO最好的办法。
package view {
public class NavBar extends Sprite {
//because you put these on stage in the Symbol, they will be available in the constructor
public var upButton:DisplayObject;
public var downButton:DisplayObject;
public var growButton:DisplayObject;
public var shrinkButton:DisplayObject;
public var rotateButton:DisplayObject;
public var vanishButton:DisplayObject;
//makes it easier to do the same setup on all buttons
protected var allButtons:Vector.<DisplayObject> = <DisplayObject>([upButton, downButton, growButton, shrinkButton, rotateButton, vanishButton]);
public function NavBar() {
super();
for each (var btn:DisplayObject in allButtons) {
btn.buttonMode = true;
btn.mouseChildren = false;
btn.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, onButtonClick);
}
}
protected function onButtonClick(e:MouseEvent):void {
switch (e.target) {
case upButton:
dispatchEvent(new CharacterEvent(CharacterEvent.UP));
break;
case downButton:
dispatchEvent(new CharacterEvent(CharacterEvent.DOWN));
break;
case growButton:
dispatchEvent(new CharacterEvent(CharacterEvent.GROW));
break;
case shrinkButton:
dispatchEvent(new CharacterEvent(CharacterEvent.SHRINK));
break;
case rotateButton:
dispatchEvent(new CharacterEvent(CharacterEvent.ROTATE));
break;
case vanishButton:
dispatchEvent(new CharacterEvent(CharacterEvent.VANISH));
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
}
请注意，布局代码为零。此代码依赖于自定义事件类。我要写那个事件类，以便它总是起泡。这样，它可以在显示列表上的任何位置发送，并在顶层接收：
package control {
class CharacterEvent extends Event {
public static var UP:String = 'characterUp';
public static var DOWN:String = 'characterDown';
public static var GROW:String = 'characterGrow';
public static var SHRINK:String = 'characterShrink';
public static var ROTATE:String = 'characterRotate';
public static var VANISH:String = 'characterVanish';
public function CharacterEvent(type:String) {
super(type, true, true);//always bubbles
}
public function clone():Event {
return new CharacterEvent(type);
}
}
}
现在，如果要手动处理将view.NavBar作为其基类的Symbol的实例化，它将如下所示：
package {
public var navBar:NavBar;
class GameWorld {
public function GameWorld() {
try {
var navClass:Class = getDefinitionByName('NavBarSymbol') as Class;
} catch (e:Error) {
trace('You need to have a Library symbol called NavBarSymbol');
}
if (navClass) {
navBar = new navClass() as NavBar;
//unnecessary layout code here
//Note that this is NOT the responsibility of the child Class!
addChild(navBar);
}
//instantiate character
...
//by listening to the whole Document, you can add other things that
//dispatch Character events on the display list, like a keyboard listener
addEventListener(CharacterEvent.UP, moveCharacterUp);
//listeners for the rest of the character events...
}
public function moveCharacterUp(e:CharacterEvent):void {
//character move logic
}
//other handlers
}
}
就个人而言，我只是将navBar添加到舞台上，然后根本不需要管理它（甚至不用变量引用它），只需为各种角色事件添加事件监听器。
问题的根源似乎不是字符代码。但是，我会给你一些关于它的“最佳实践”指示。
characterPos()和characterMove()。pos()和move()（尽管现在不需要缩短position()）。请注意，有这么多人做你正在做的事情的原因是Adobe未能记录如何properly use OOP with the timeline。不幸的是，到2009年末/ 2010年初我们中的一些started documenting时，损坏已经完成，并且每个人都认为如果你想编写好的代码，你必须假装时间轴和阶段不存在。
我知道我已经涵盖了很多理由，而且我所说的大部分内容都与你认为的知识直接相矛盾，所以请不要犹豫，提出任何问题。