假设我们在PostgreSQL中有两个表:
表"公民"
country_ref citizen_name entry_date
-----------------------------------------------------
0 peter 2013-01-14 21:00:00.000
1 fernando 2013-01-14 20:00:00.000
0 robert 2013-01-14 19:00:00.000
3 albert 2013-01-14 18:00:00.000
2 esther 2013-01-14 17:00:00.000
1 juan 2013-01-14 16:00:00.000
3 egbert 2013-01-14 15:00:00.000
1 francisco 2013-01-14 14:00:00.000
3 adolph 2013-01-14 13:00:00.000
2 emilie 2013-01-14 12:00:00.000
2 jacques 2013-01-14 11:00:00.000
0 david 2013-01-14 10:00:00.000
表"国家"
country_id country_name country_group
-------------------------------------------
0 england 0
1 spain 0
2 france 1
3 germany 1
现在我想获得最后一位公民"公民"给定country_group的每个国家/地区的表格。
到目前为止,我最好的尝试是这个查询(我们称之为Query_1):
SELECT country_ref, MAX(entry_date) FROM citizens
LEFT JOIN countries ON country_id = country_ref
WHERE country_group = 1 GROUP BY country_ref
输出:
country_ref max
---------------------------------
3 2013-01-14 18:00:00
2 2013-01-14 17:00:00
那么我就可以做到:
SELECT citizen_name FROM citizens WHERE (country_ref, entry_date) IN (Query_1)
...这将为我提供我正在寻找的输出:albert
和esther
。
但我更喜欢在单一查询中实现这一目标。我想知道它是否可能?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
这应该是最简单和最快的:
SELECT DISTINCT ON (i.country_ref)
i.citizen_name
FROM citizens i
JOIN countries o ON o.country_id = i.country_ref
WHERE o.country_group = 1
ORDER BY i.country_ref, i.entry_date DESC
只需将这些列添加到SELECT
列表中即可轻松返回两个表中的更多列
SQL Fiddle.
此相关答案中的详细信息,链接和说明:
答案 1 :(得分:3)
SELECT citizen_name,
country_ref,
entry_date
from (
SELECT cit.citizen_name,
cit.country_ref,
MAX(cit.entry_date) over (partition by cit.country_ref) as max_date,
cit.entry_date
FROM citizens cit
LEFT JOIN countries cou ON cou.country_id = cit.country_ref
WHERE cou.country_group = 1
) t
where max_date = entry_date
SQLFiddle演示:http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!12/50776/1
答案 2 :(得分:1)
为什么不简单地说:
SELECT citizen_name FROM citizens WHERE (country_ref, entry_date) IN (
SELECT country_ref, MAX(entry_date) FROM citizens
LEFT JOIN countries ON country_id = country_ref
WHERE country_group = 1 GROUP BY country_ref
)
这可能不是最好的计划,但它取决于很多因素,写起来很简单。