Question

我有一个使用MVC4的项目，我想问一下如何从webapi获取数据并返回视图。

模型

public class Name
{
    public Int32 NameId { get; set; }
    public String FirstName{ get; set; }
    public String LastName{ get; set; }
    public String CreatedBy { get; set; }
}

public class IListMyProject
{
    public List<Name> Names { get; set; }
}

我可以使用此代码

在我的Index.cshtml中列出所有内容

public ActionResult Index()
    {
        string securityToken = repo.GetTokens();
        if (securityToken != null)
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
            client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

            HttpRequestMessage httpRequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "webapiurl/api/Name/Get?$orderby=LastName&$top=10");
            string authHeader = System.Net.HttpRequestHeader.Authorization.ToString();
            httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add(authHeader, string.Format("JWT {0}", securityToken));
            var response = client.SendAsync(httpRequestMessage)
                .ContinueWith((postTask) => postTask.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode())
                .Result;
            if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {
                model.Names = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IList<Name>>().Result.ToList();

            }
        }
        return View("Index", model);
    }

我可以回复我的观点。现在我有另一个名为Details.cshtml的视图，其代码如下：

 public ActionResult Details(string id)
    {
        string securityToken = repo.GetTokens();
        if (securityToken != null)
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
            client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

            HttpRequestMessage httpRequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "webapiurl/api/Name/GetById/"+id+"");
            string authHeader = System.Net.HttpRequestHeader.Authorization.ToString();
            httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add(authHeader, string.Format("JWT {0}", securityToken));

            var response = client.SendAsync(httpRequestMessage)
                .ContinueWith((postTask) => postTask.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode())
                .Result;
            if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {

                model.Names = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IList<Name>>().Result.ToList();

            }
        }
        return View(model);
    }

对于这个细节，我的Json看起来像这样：

 application/json, text/json
 {
  "NameId": 1,
  "FirstName": "This is First Name",
  "LastName": "This is Last Name",
  "CreatedBy": "This is Created By"
 }

当我运行它时，我收到此错误：

 Cannot deserialize the current JSON object (e.g. {"name":"value"}) into type 'System.Collections.Generic.IList`1[Models.Name]' because the type requires a JSON array (e.g. [1,2,3]) to deserialize correctly.

 To fix this error either change the JSON to a JSON array (e.g. [1,2,3]) or change the deserialized type so that it is a normal .NET type (e.g. not a primitive type like integer, not a collection type like an array or List<T>) that can be deserialized from a JSON object. JsonObjectAttribute can also be added to the type to force it to deserialize from a JSON object.

 Path 'NameId', line 1, position 10.

我如何解决这个问题，我是webapi的新手。我想知道为什么如果我列出所有（索引，我使用api / get）它的工作原理，但当我想详细显示它，它不起作用。

感谢您的帮助

此致

修改

当我在

中调试时

 model.Names = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IList<Name>>().Result.ToList();

它说Null，当我试图得到回应时有什么不对吗？

Answer 1

问题是：

{
  "NameId": 1,
  "FirstName": "This is First Name",
  "LastName": "This is Last Name",
  "CreatedBy": "This is Created By"
}

无法作为IList反序列化。您上面的JSON只是一个名称，而不是名称的集合。因此Json.NET反序列化将失败。

确保您的Web API控制器返回IList，或更改您的MVC代码以将内容作为单个名称读取。 JSON中的名称集合将如下所示：

[{
  "NameId": 1,
  "FirstName": "This is First Name",
  "LastName": "This is Last Name",
  "CreatedBy": "This is Created By"
},
{
  "NameId": 2,
  "FirstName": "This is First Name",
  "LastName": "This is Last Name",
  "CreatedBy": "This is Created By"
}]

Answer 2

Web API返回名称类型的单个对象，而不是名称的集合。我看不到你在哪里定义模型。我添加了名称类型的定义。试试这个。

public ActionResult Details(string id)
{
    string securityToken = repo.GetTokens();
    Name model;
    if (securityToken != null)
    {
        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

        HttpRequestMessage httpRequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "webapiurl/api/Name/GetById/"+id+"");
        string authHeader = System.Net.HttpRequestHeader.Authorization.ToString();
        httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add(authHeader, string.Format("JWT {0}", securityToken));

        var response = client.SendAsync(httpRequestMessage)
            .ContinueWith((postTask) => postTask.Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode())
            .Result;
        if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {

            model = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<Name>();

        }
    }
    return  View(model);
}

Answer 3

问题似乎是，当您将结果读作IList<Name>时，您的JSON仅返回1条记录。将其更改为简单Name可以解决问题。

但问题是：“如何在控制器中调用web api并返回视图MVC4 ”

我建议您查看http://restsharp.org/您可以将代码简化为：

public ActionResult Details(string id)
{
    string securityToken = repo.GetTokens();
    Name model;
    if (securityToken != null)
    {
        var client = new RestClient("");

        var request = new RestRequest("webapiurl/api/Name/GetById/"+id, HttpMethod.Get);
        string authHeader = System.Net.HttpRequestHeader.Authorization.ToString();
        request.AddHeader(authHeader, string.Format("JWT {0}", securityToken));

        var model = client.Execute<Name>(request);
    }
    return  View(model);
}

如何在控制器中调用web api并返回视图MVC4

3 个答案: