Question

场景：尝试使用sed修改httpd配置文件的大部分内容。

我尝试了什么：

read -d '' _OLD <<"EOF"
<Directory "/var/www/html">

#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
#   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
#   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
    AllowOverride None
EOF

read -d '' _NEW <<"EOF"
<Directory "/var/www/html">

#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
#   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
#   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
    AllowOverride All
EOF

echo -n ${_OLD}
echo -n ${_NEW}
sed -i "s/$_OLD/$_NEW/g" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

如果您注意到唯一改变的是AllowOverride All我只想修改/var/www/html的规则而不是其他实例的规则，因此我为什么要查看整个块。

我知道可能有更好的方法去做我想要完成的事情。方向将非常感激。

Answer 1

sed -r '\%<Directory "/var/www/html">%,\%</Directory>% s%(AllowOverride)\s+None%\1 All%i'

Answer 2

好吧，sed的我的（过时）版本不允许使用多行'旧'模式（正则表达式），并且需要多行替换才能在换行符之前使用反斜杠，如在

sed "s/lifetime/birth\
…\
death/"

......所以这是一两个问题。另一个是你使用/作为分隔符，即使你的模式和替换中有斜杠。

我建议您使用正则表达式地址：

sed '/<Directory "\/var\/www\/html">/,/AllowOverride/s/AllowOverride None/AllowOverride All/'

在其他字样中，在 s/AllowOverride None/AllowOverride All/ 行之间的任何适用行上执行<Directory "/var/www/html">替换以及下一个 AllowOverride 行。（注意第一个正则表达式中的引号。）

Answer 3

为什么不使用正则表达式？ Sed原生支持它们。 More details here

Sed替换大文本

3 个答案: