如何在.Net / C#中将多个对象序列化为现有的XmlDocument?
我有一个XmlDocument,它已包含数据。我有多个对象。现在我想逐个序列化它们并将它们添加到XmlDocument(AppendChild)。
应该是这样的:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<project>
<mySettings>...</mySettings>
<component_1> anydata </component_1>
...
<component_x> anydata </component_x>
</project>
当我使用XmlSerializer时,我得到每个组件的这个定义:
<component_1 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
anydata
</component_1>
所以这就是我得到的,当我序列化为一个字符串然后从字符串创建一个XmlNode时,我将其附加到我的文档中:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<project>
<mySettings>...</mySettings>
<component_1 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> anydata </component_1>
...
<component_x xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> anydata </component_x>
</project>
我可以通过这样做删除命名空间:
XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
ns.Add("", "");
StringWriter xout = new StringWriter();
x.Serialize(xout, data, ns);
然后我在对象数组中的任何对象上获取命名空间。这个对象:
public class component_1
{
object[] arr;
}
将被序列化为:
<component_1>
<objectArray>
<anyType xmlns:q1="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" d3p1:type="q1:string" xmlns:d3p1="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">one</anyType>
<anyType xmlns:q2="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" d3p1:type="q2:string" xmlns:d3p1="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">two</anyType>
</objectArray>
</component_1>
是否可以将所有需要的命名空间等添加到我的文档中,然后将对象序列化为XmlNodes并将它们添加到我的文档中,而不在每个组件上都有命名空间?
更新: 函数test()将序列化两个对象并将它们附加到文档中。 最后一行将反序列化第一个对象。
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
...
public class Component_1
{
public string Value = "Component_1.Value";
public object[] objectArray = new object[] { "one", "two" };
}
void test()
{
object[] components = new object[] { new Component_1(), new Component_1() };
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
XmlNode rootNode = doc.AppendChild(doc.CreateElement("project"));
foreach (var component in components)
rootNode.AppendChild(doc.ReadNode(XmlTextReader.Create(new StringReader(serialize(component, true)))));
Console.WriteLine(doc.OuterXml);
Console.WriteLine(deserialize<Component_1>(rootNode.ChildNodes[0].OuterXml).Value);
}
string serialize(object obj, bool namespaces)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(sb, new XmlWriterSettings() { OmitXmlDeclaration = true });
(new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType())).Serialize(writer, obj, namespaces ? null : new XmlSerializerNamespaces(new XmlQualifiedName[] { new XmlQualifiedName("", "") }));
return sb.ToString();
}
T deserialize<T>(string xmlString)
{
return (T)(new XmlSerializer(typeof(T))).Deserialize(new StringReader(xmlString));
}
也许可以在文档(rootNode)中添加名称空间,并在使用函数XmlDocument.ReadNode从字符串创建新的XmlNode时,通过XmlDocument中的名称空间来解析字符串中的名称空间。但我不知道如何。
更新2:
感谢Alex Filipovici,序列化输出正是我想要的。
void test2()
{
object[] components = new object[] { new Component_1(), new Component_1() };
var doc = new XmlDocument();
var project = doc.AppendChild(doc.CreateElement("project"));
doc.DocumentElement.SetAttribute("xmlns:xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");
doc.DocumentElement.SetAttribute("xmlns:xsd", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
var nav = project.CreateNavigator();
var emptyNamepsaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces(new[] { XmlQualifiedName.Empty });
foreach (var component in components)
{
using (var writer = nav.AppendChild())
{
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(component.GetType());
writer.WriteWhitespace("");
serializer.Serialize(writer, component
, emptyNamepsaces
);
writer.Close();
}
}
foreach (XmlNode node in doc.GetElementsByTagName("anyType"))
{
string attributeType = "";
foreach (XmlAttribute xmlAttribute in node.Attributes)
{
if (xmlAttribute.LocalName == "type")
{
attributeType = xmlAttribute.Value.Split(':')[1];
}
}
node.Attributes.RemoveAll();
node.CreateNavigator().CreateAttribute("", "type", "", attributeType);
}
doc.Save("output.xml");
Component_1 c = deserialize<Component_1>(project.ChildNodes[0].OuterXml);
Console.WriteLine(c.objectArray[0].GetType()); // -> System.Xml.XmlNode[] !
}
输出:
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<Component_1>
<Value>Component_1.Value</Value>
<objectArray>
<anyType type="string">one</anyType>
<anyType type="string">two</anyType>
</objectArray>
</Component_1>
<Component_1>
<Value>Component_1.Value</Value>
<objectArray>
<anyType type="string">one</anyType>
<anyType type="string">two</anyType>
</objectArray>
</Component_1>
</project>
但是现在使用上面的“T desirialize(string xmlString)”函数进行反序列化失败了。对象数组包含XmlNodes。
是否可以告诉XmlSerializer使用项目节点中的命名空间,还是必须再次插入它们?
答案 0 :(得分:4)
这将序列化对象并将它们附加到XmlDocument。 解除序列化代码将解析命名空间。 @Alex:感谢XPathNavigator的例子。
void test2()
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
XmlNode root = doc.AppendChild(doc.CreateElement("root"));
doc.DocumentElement.SetAttribute("xmlns:xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");
doc.DocumentElement.SetAttribute("xmlns:xsd", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema");
serializeAppend(root, new object[] { 1, "two", 3.0 }); // serialize object and append it to XmlNode
var obj = deserialize<object[]>(root.ChildNodes[0]); // deserialize XmlNode to object
}
T deserialize<T>(XmlNode node)
{
XPathNavigator nav = node.CreateNavigator();
using (var reader = nav.ReadSubtree())
{
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
return (T)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}
}
void serializeAppend(XmlNode parentNode, object obj)
{
XPathNavigator nav = parentNode.CreateNavigator();
using (var writer = nav.AppendChild())
{
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
writer.WriteWhitespace("");
serializer.Serialize(writer, obj);
writer.Close();
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
以下代码将满足OP中的要求,以获得 clean XML。它将删除所有元素的所有贡献,但它会向type
元素添加anyType
属性,因此原始类型仍可以区分每个元素。
static void Main(string[] args)
{
object[] components = new object[] { new Component_1(), new Component_1() };
var doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load("source.xml");
var project = doc.GetElementsByTagName("project")[0];
var nav = project.CreateNavigator();
var emptyNamepsaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces(new[] {
XmlQualifiedName.Empty
});
foreach (var component in components)
{
using (var writer = nav.AppendChild())
{
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(component.GetType());
writer.WriteWhitespace("");
serializer.Serialize(writer, component
, emptyNamepsaces
);
writer.Close();
}
}
foreach (XmlNode node in doc.GetElementsByTagName("anyType"))
{
string attributeType = "";
foreach (XmlAttribute xmlAttribute in node.Attributes)
{
if (xmlAttribute.LocalName == "type")
{
attributeType=xmlAttribute.Value.Split(':')[1];
}
}
node.Attributes.RemoveAll();
node.CreateNavigator().CreateAttribute("","type","",attributeType);
}
doc.Save("output.xml");
}
如果要反序列化XML,则必须创建字典:
static Dictionary<string, Type> _typeCache;
将映射到相应Type
值的预期XML类型添加到其中:
_typeCache = new Dictionary<string, Type>();
_typeCache.Add("string", typeof(System.String));
_typeCache.Add("int", typeof(System.Int32));
_typeCache.Add("dateTime", typeof(System.DateTime));
并通过将数组转换为其预期类型来替换数组中的每个XmlNode
:
Component_1 c = Deserialize<Component_1>(project.ChildNodes[0].OuterXml);
for (int i = 0; i < c.objectArray.Length; i++)
{
var type = _typeCache[(((System.Xml.XmlNode[])(c.objectArray[i]))[0]).Value];
var item = Convert.ChangeType((((System.Xml.XmlNode[])(c.objectArray[i]))[1]).Value, type);
c.objectArray[i] = item;
}
Console.WriteLine(c.objectArray[0].GetType()); // -> System.String