我正在使用select()函数--I / O多路复用在python中构建一个Web服务器。我能够连接到多个客户端,在我的例子中是Web浏览器(safari,chrome,firefox)并接受每个客户端HTTP 1.1 GET请求。收到请求后,我将html页面内容返回到显示html页面的浏览器。
我遇到的问题是当我尝试保持连接打开一段时间。我意识到在使用fd.close()关闭连接之前,我无法在浏览器中显示任何内容。
以下是我用来接受和回复浏览器请求的功能。问题是在我使用fd.sendall()后,我不想关闭连接,但页面不会显示,直到我这样做。请帮忙!任何帮助或建议都表示赞赏..
def handleConnectedSocket():
try:
recvIsComplete = False
rcvdStr = ''
line1 = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
line2 = "Server: Apache/1.3.12 (Unix)\r\n"
line3 = "Content-Type: text/html\r\n" # Alternately, "Content-Type: image/jpg\r\n"
line4 = "\r\n"
line1PageNotFound = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
ConnectionClose = "Connection: close\r\n"
while not recvIsComplete:
rcvdStr = fd.recv( 1024 )
if rcvdStr!= "" :
# look for the string that contains the html page
recvIsComplete = True
RequestedFile = ""
start = rcvdStr.find('/') + 1
end = rcvdStr.find(' ', start)
RequestedFile = rcvdStr[start:end] #requested page in the form of xyz.html
try:
FiletoRead = file(RequestedFile , 'r')
except:
FiletoRead = file('PageNotFound.html' , 'r')
response = FiletoRead.read()
request_dict[fd].append(line1PageNotFound + line2 + ConnectionClose + line4)
fd.sendall( line1PageNotFound + line2 + line3 + ConnectionClose + line4 + response )
# fd.close() <--- DONT WANT TO USE THIS
else:
response = FiletoRead.read()
request_dict[fd].append(line1 + line2 + line3 + ConnectionClose + line4 + response)
fd.sendall(line1 + line2 + line3 + line4 + response)
# fd.close() <--- DONT WANT TO USE THIS
else:
recvIsComplete = True
#Remove messages from dictionary
del request_dict[fd]
fd.close()
客户端(浏览器)请求采用HTTP 1.1格式,如下所示:
GET /Test.html HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:22222
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8) AppleWebKit/536.25 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0 Safari/536.25
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-us
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
答案 0 :(得分:1)
Connection: close
向浏览器表明,当您通过关闭连接完成数据发送时,您将告诉它。由于您不想这样做,因此您可能希望为Connection
使用不同的值,例如Keep-Alive
。但是,如果您使用它,那么您还需要发送Content-Length
或执行其他操作,以便浏览器知道您何时完成数据发送。
即使您没有使用Keep-Alive
,Content-Length
也是一件好事,因为它允许浏览器知道下载页面的当前进度。如果您要发送大文件而不发送Content-Length
,则浏览器不能显示进度条。 Content-Length
可以实现这一点。
那么如何发送Content-Length
标题?计算您要发送的数据的字节数。将其转换为字符串并将其用作值。就这么简单。例如:
# Assuming data is a byte string.
# (If you're dealing with a Unicode string, encode it first.)
content_length_header = "Content-Length: {0}\r\n".format(len(data))
以下是一些适合我的代码:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import time
import socket
data = b'''\
HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\
Connection: keep-alive\r\n\
Content-Type: text/html\r\n\
Content-Length: 6\r\n\
\r\n\
Hello!\
'''
def main(server_address=('0.0.0.0', 8000)):
server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, True)
server.bind(server_address)
server.listen(5)
while True:
try:
client, client_address = server.accept()
handle_request(client, client_address)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
break
def handle_request(client, address):
with client:
client.sendall(data)
time.sleep(5) # Keep the socket open for a bit longer.
client.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()