我有一张桌子：
create table mytransactions(country varchar(30), totalcount int, numericmonth int, chardate char(20), totalamount money)
该表包含以下记录：
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Australia', 36, 7, 'Jul-12', 699.96)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Australia', 44, 8, 'Aug-12', 1368.71)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Australia', 52, 9, 'Sep-12', 1161.33)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Australia', 50, 10, 'Oct-12', 1099.84)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Australia', 38, 11, 'Nov-12', 1078.94)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Australia', 63, 12, 'Dec-12', 1668.23)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Austria', 11, 7, 'Jul-12', 257.82)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Austria', 5, 8, 'Aug-12', 126.55)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Austria', 7, 9, 'Sep-12', 92.11)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Austria', 12, 10, 'Oct-12', 103.56)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Austria', 21, 11, 'Nov-12', 377.68)
Go
insert into mytransactions(country, totalcount, numericmonth, chardate, totalamount) values('Austria', 3, 12, 'Dec-12', 14.35)
Go
这就是select *的样子：
Country TotalCount numericmonth chardate totalamount
--------- ---------- ----------- -------- -----------
Australia 36 7 Jul-12 699.96
Australia 44 8 Aug-12 1368.71
Australia 52 9 Sep-12 1161.33
Australia 50 10 Oct-12 1099.84
Australia 38 11 Nov-12 1078.94
Australia 63 12 Dec-12 1668.23
Austria 11 7 Jul-12 257.82
Austria 5 8 Aug-12 126.55
Austria 7 9 Sep-12 92.11
Austria 12 10 Oct-12 103.56
Austria 21 11 Nov-12 377.68
Austria 3 12 Dec-12 14.35
我想转动此记录集，使其如下所示：
Australia Australia Austria Austria
# of Transactions Total $ amount # of Transactions Total $ amount
----------------- -------------- ----------------- --------------
Jul-12 36 699.96 11 257.82
Aug-12 44 1368.71 5 126.55
Sep-12 52 1161.33 7 92.11
Oct-12 50 1099.84 12 103.56
Nov-12 38 1078.94 21 377.68
Dec-12 63 1668.23 3 14.35
这是我到目前为止提出的代码：
select * from mytransactions
pivot (sum (totalcount) for country in ([Australia], [Austria])) as pvt
这就是我得到的：
numericmonth chardate totalamount Australia Austria
----------- -------- ---------- --------- -------
7 Jul-12 257.82 NULL 11
7 Jul-12 699.96 36 NULL
8 Aug-12 126.55 NULL 5
8 Aug-12 1368.71 44 NULL
9 Sep-12 92.11 NULL 7
9 Sep-12 1161.33 52 NULL
10 Oct-12 103.56 NULL 12
10 Oct-12 1099.84 50 NULL
11 Nov-12 377.68 NULL 21
11 Nov-12 1078.94 38 NULL
12 Dec-12 14.35 NULL 3
12 Dec-12 1668.23 63 NULL
我可以在表变量循环中手动聚合记录，但似乎枢轴可能能够做到这一点。
是否可以使用数据透镜获取我想要的记录集，还是有其他我不知道的工具？
由于
答案 0 :(得分：46)
我会通过同时应用UNPIVOT和PIVOT函数来获得最终结果。 unpivot 从totalcount和totalamount列中获取值，并将它们放在一个包含多行的列中。然后，您可以对这些结果进行调整。：
select chardate,
Australia_totalcount as [Australia # of Transactions],
Australia_totalamount as [Australia Total $ Amount],
Austria_totalcount as [Austria # of Transactions],
Austria_totalamount as [Austria Total $ Amount]
from
(
select
numericmonth,
chardate,
country +'_'+col col,
value
from
(
select numericmonth,
country,
chardate,
cast(totalcount as numeric(10, 2)) totalcount,
cast(totalamount as numeric(10, 2)) totalamount
from mytransactions
) src
unpivot
(
value
for col in (totalcount, totalamount)
) unpiv
) s
pivot
(
sum(value)
for col in (Australia_totalcount, Australia_totalamount,
Austria_totalcount, Austria_totalamount)
) piv
order by numericmonth
如果您的country名称数量未知，则可以使用动态SQL：
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@colsName AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
select @cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME(country +'_'+c.col)
from mytransactions
cross apply
(
select 'TotalCount' col
union all
select 'TotalAmount'
) c
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
select @colsName
= STUFF((SELECT distinct ', ' + QUOTENAME(country +'_'+c.col)
+' as ['
+ country + case when c.col = 'TotalCount' then ' # of Transactions]' else 'Total $ Amount]' end
from mytransactions
cross apply
(
select 'TotalCount' col
union all
select 'TotalAmount'
) c
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set @query
= 'SELECT chardate, ' + @colsName + '
from
(
select
numericmonth,
chardate,
country +''_''+col col,
value
from
(
select numericmonth,
country,
chardate,
cast(totalcount as numeric(10, 2)) totalcount,
cast(totalamount as numeric(10, 2)) totalamount
from mytransactions
) src
unpivot
(
value
for col in (totalcount, totalamount)
) unpiv
) s
pivot
(
sum(value)
for col in (' + @cols + ')
) p
order by numericmonth'
execute(@query)
两者都给出结果：
| CHARDATE | AUSTRALIA # OF TRANSACTIONS | AUSTRALIA TOTAL $ AMOUNT | AUSTRIA # OF TRANSACTIONS | AUSTRIA TOTAL $ AMOUNT |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Jul-12 | 36 | 699.96 | 11 | 257.82 |
| Aug-12 | 44 | 1368.71 | 5 | 126.55 |
| Sep-12 | 52 | 1161.33 | 7 | 92.11 |
| Oct-12 | 50 | 1099.84 | 12 | 103.56 |
| Nov-12 | 38 | 1078.94 | 21 | 377.68 |
| Dec-12 | 63 | 1668.23 | 3 | 14.35 |
答案 1 :(得分：6)
我添加了动态查询/解决方案。
<强>静态
SELECT t.chardate,
SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Australia' THEN t.totalcount ELSE 0 END) AS "Australia # of Transactions",
SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Australia' THEN t.totalamount ELSE 0 END) AS "Australia Total $ amount",
SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Austria' THEN t.totalcount ELSE 0 END) AS "Austria # of Transactions",
SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Austria' THEN t.totalamount ELSE 0 END) AS "Austria Total $ amount"
FROM mytransactions t
GROUP BY t.chardate;
注意：
1）ORDER BY t.chardate无效，因为chardate列中的值为char s。
2）我的建议是将chardate分为两列numericmonth和numericyear。在最后一种情况下，您可以使用此解决方案：
SELECT t.numericyear, t.numericmonth,
SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Australia' THEN t.totalcount ELSE 0 END) AS "Australia # of Transactions",
SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Australia' THEN t.totalamount ELSE 0 END) AS "Australia Total $ amount",
SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Austria' THEN t.totalcount ELSE 0 END) AS "Austria # of Transactions",
SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Austria' THEN t.totalamount ELSE 0 END) AS "Austria Total $ amount"
FROM mytransactions t
GROUP BY t.numericyear, t.numericmonth
ORDER BY BY t.numericyear, t.numericmonth;
<强>动态
DECLARE @Sql NVARCHAR(MAX)='SELECT t.chardate';
DECLARE @ColumnTemplate NVARCHAR(MAX)='SUM(CASE WHEN t.country=''{country}'' THEN t.totalcount ELSE 0 END) AS "{country} # of Transactions"
,SUM(CASE WHEN t.country=''{country}'' THEN t.totalamount ELSE 0 END) AS "{country} Total $ amount"'
SELECT @Sql=@Sql+CHAR(13)+','+REPLACE(@ColumnTemplate, '{country}', REPLACE(c.name,'''','''''')e)
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT t.country AS name
FROM mytransactions t
) c
SELECT @Sql=@Sql+'
FROM mytransactions t
GROUP BY t.chardate;'
PRINT @Sql;
EXEC(@Sql);
结果：
SELECT t.chardate
,SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Australia' THEN t.totalcount ELSE 0 END) AS "Australia # of Transactions"
,SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Australia' THEN t.totalamount ELSE 0 END) AS "Australia Total $ amount"
,SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Austria' THEN t.totalcount ELSE 0 END) AS "Austria # of Transactions"
,SUM(CASE WHEN t.country='Austria' THEN t.totalamount ELSE 0 END) AS "Austria Total $ amount"
FROM mytransactions t
GROUP BY t.chardate;
注意：REPLACE中的SELECT @Sql=@Sql+CHAR(13)+ ... REPLACE(c.name,'''',''''''))功能用于阻止SQL injections。
答案 2 :(得分：4)
我使用您自己的数据透视作为嵌套查询，并得出了这个结果：
SELECT
[sub].[chardate],
SUM(ISNULL([Australia], 0)) AS [Transactions Australia],
SUM(CASE WHEN [Australia] IS NOT NULL THEN [TotalAmount] ELSE 0 END) AS [Amount Australia],
SUM(ISNULL([Austria], 0)) AS [Transactions Austria],
SUM(CASE WHEN [Austria] IS NOT NULL THEN [TotalAmount] ELSE 0 END) AS [Amount Austria]
FROM
(
select *
from mytransactions
pivot (sum (totalcount) for country in ([Australia], [Austria])) as pvt
) AS [sub]
GROUP BY
[sub].[chardate],
[sub].[numericmonth]
ORDER BY
[sub].[numericmonth] ASC
答案 3 :(得分：2)
执行此操作的最简单，最直接的方法是将主查询与枢轴一起包装在公用表表达式中，然后进行分组/聚合。
WITH PivotCTE AS
(
select * from mytransactions
pivot (sum (totalcount) for country in ([Australia], [Austria])) as pvt
)
SELECT
numericmonth,
chardate,
SUM(totalamount) AS totalamount,
SUM(ISNULL(Australia, 0)) AS Australia,
SUM(ISNULL(Austria, 0)) Austria
FROM PivotCTE
GROUP BY numericmonth, chardate
ISNULL是阻止NULL值使总和无效（因为NULL +任何值= NULL）