我正在运行Ubuntu 12.10，当我运行命令时：
bundle install
我明白了：
Installing nokogiri (1.5.2) with native extensions
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
extconf.rb:10: Use RbConfig instead of obsolete and deprecated Config.
checking for libxml/parser.h... yes
checking for libxslt/xslt.h... yes
checking for libexslt/exslt.h... yes
checking for iconv_open() in iconv.h... yes
checking for xmlParseDoc() in -lxml2... yes
checking for xsltParseStylesheetDoc() in -lxslt... yes
checking for exsltFuncRegister() in -lexslt... yes
checking for xmlHasFeature()... yes
checking for xmlFirstElementChild()... yes
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetValidStructuredErrors()... yes
checking for xmlSchemaSetValidStructuredErrors()... yes
checking for xmlSchemaSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes
creating Makefile
make
compiling xml_processing_instruction.c
compiling xml_node.c
compiling html_entity_lookup.c
compiling xml_syntax_error.c
compiling xml_document.c
xml_document.c: In function ‘set_encoding’:
xml_document.c:159:12: warning: cast discards ‘__attribute__((const))’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wcast-qual]
xml_document.c: In function ‘canonicalize’:
xml_document.c:505:15: warning: cast discards ‘__attribute__((const))’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wcast-qual]
compiling xml_encoding_handler.c
compiling xml_namespace.c
xml_namespace.c: In function ‘prefix’:
xml_namespace.c:14:13: warning: variable ‘doc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
xml_namespace.c: In function ‘href’:
xml_namespace.c:33:13: warning: variable ‘doc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
compiling xml_entity_decl.c
compiling xml_attribute_decl.c
compiling xml_comment.c
compiling xml_dtd.c
compiling xml_xpath_context.c
xml_xpath_context.c: In function ‘xpath_generic_exception_handler’:
xml_xpath_context.c:189:3: error: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Werror=format-security]
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors
make: *** [xml_xpath_context.o] Error 1
Gem files will remain installed in /home/site/.bundler/tmp/19240/gems/nokogiri-1.5.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/site/.bundler/tmp/19240/gems/nokogiri-1.5.2/ext/nokogiri/gem_make.out
An error occured while installing nokogiri (1.5.2), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install nokogiri -v '1.5.2'` succeeds before bundling.
当我跑步时：
gem install nokogiri -v '1.5.2'
我明白了：
site@ubuntu:~/Documents/shopqi$ gem install nokogiri -v '1.5.2'
malloc_limit=60000000 (8000000)
free_min=50000 (4096)
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed nokogiri-1.5.2
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for nokogiri-1.5.2...
Installing RDoc documentation for nokogiri-1.5.2...
site@ubuntu:~/Documents/shopqi$
没有错误，但如果我再次尝试bundle install，我会收到Nokogiri未安装的错误。
运行sudo gem install nokogiri -v'1.5.2'后的gem_make.out内容是：
/usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
extconf.rb:10: Use RbConfig instead of obsolete and deprecated Config.
checking for libxml/parser.h... yes
checking for libxslt/xslt.h... yes
checking for libexslt/exslt.h... yes
checking for iconv_open() in iconv.h... yes
checking for xmlParseDoc() in -lxml2... yes
checking for xsltParseStylesheetDoc() in -lxslt... yes
checking for exsltFuncRegister() in -lexslt... yes
checking for xmlHasFeature()... yes
checking for xmlFirstElementChild()... yes
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes
checking for xmlRelaxNGSetValidStructuredErrors()... yes
checking for xmlSchemaSetValidStructuredErrors()... yes
checking for xmlSchemaSetParserStructuredErrors()... yes
creating Makefile
make
compiling xml_processing_instruction.c
compiling xml_node.c
compiling html_entity_lookup.c
compiling xml_syntax_error.c
compiling xml_document.c
xml_document.c: In function ‘set_encoding’:
xml_document.c:159:12: warning: cast discards ‘__attribute__((const))’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wcast-qual]
xml_document.c: In function ‘canonicalize’:
xml_document.c:505:15: warning: cast discards ‘__attribute__((const))’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wcast-qual]
compiling xml_encoding_handler.c
compiling xml_namespace.c
xml_namespace.c: In function ‘prefix’:
xml_namespace.c:14:13: warning: variable ‘doc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
xml_namespace.c: In function ‘href’:
xml_namespace.c:33:13: warning: variable ‘doc’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
compiling xml_entity_decl.c
compiling xml_attribute_decl.c
compiling xml_comment.c
compiling xml_dtd.c
compiling xml_xpath_context.c
xml_xpath_context.c: In function ‘xpath_generic_exception_handler’:
xml_xpath_context.c:189:3: error: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Werror=format-security]
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors
make: *** [xml_xpath_context.o] Error 1
请帮忙吗？
答案 0 :(得分：9)
首先尝试：
$ apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev
另外，如果你正在使用rvm，请执行：
$ rvm requirements
答案 1 :(得分：5)
Ubuntu 12.10采用Debian的强化包装器，它包含一组导致此编译错误的GCC默认标志。我们已经在Nokogiri 1.5.4及更高版本中解决了这个问题，因此您需要升级或找到自己的解决方法。