如何使用for循环迭代链接IEnumerable.Where()?

时间:2013-02-02 17:08:31

标签: c# .net linq lambda ienumerable

考虑下面的代码(尽管有点人为,但它是对现实世界程序的一个重大简化):

string[] strings = { "ab", "abcd", "abc", "ac", "b", "abcde", "c", "bc" };
string[] filters = { "a", "b", "c" };

// iteratively apply each filter
IEnumerable<string> filteredStrings = strings.ToArray();
foreach (string filter in filters)
{
    // in my real-world program lots of processing and stuff
    // happens here, hence why i need the enclosing foreach loop

    filteredStrings = filteredStrings.Where(s => s.Contains(filter));
}

如您所见,代码迭代地将字符串数组过滤到较小的字符串集。当for-each循环结束时,filteredStrings应该是通过所有过滤器的字符串的子集。在这个例子中,那将是:

{ "abcd", "abc", "abcde" }

然而,我得到的输出是:

{ "abcd", "abc", "ac", "abcde", "c", "bc" }

似乎只是过滤掉那些不包含"c"的字符串,我认为它与最后一个过滤器有关。我想我一定不能以正确的方式链接IEnumerable.Where()。这里发生了什么,我怎样才能得到正确的输出?

是的,根据我的代码中的注释,foreach循环需要保持不变。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:9)

where委托不以您期望的方式捕获局部变量。变量filter正在发生变化,它正在使用所有轮次中的最后一个结果,因为Linq进行了懒惰的评估。

将迭代变量复制到本地var,我相信它会捕获您期望的方式。

foreach (string filter in filters)
{
    string localFilter = filter;
    filteredStrings = filteredStrings.Where(s => s.Contains(localFilter));
}

答案 1 :(得分:3)

您正在使用在循环中修改的变量:filter

创建它的副本:

foreach (string filter in filters)
{
    // in my real-world program lots of processing and stuff
    // happens here, hence why i need the enclosing foreach loop

    string f = filter;
    filteredStrings = filteredStrings.Where(s => s.Contains(f));
}