如何让海龟一起移动?

时间:2013-01-24 03:33:16

标签: python-2.7 turtle-graphics

这是我的代码(Python初学者,请承担任何不专业的代码),基本上我想要的是让两只乌龟一起移动到同一个圆圈上(正如你猜测的那样,我的任务是模拟宇宙飞船追逐国际空间站)。在我的代码中,第一只乌龟将围绕圆圈移动,然后是第二只乌龟:

from turtle import *
rocket=Turtle()
ISS=Turtle()
counter=1
title("ISS")
screensize(750,750)
ISS.hideturtle()
rocket.hideturtle()
ISS.penup()
ISS.left(90)
ISS.fd(250)
ISS.left(90)
ISS.showturtle()
ISS.pendown()
rocket.penup()
rocket.fd(250)
rocket.left(90)
rocket.showturtle()
rocket.pendown()
while counter==1:
    ISS.speed(1)
    rocket.speed(2)
    ISS.circle(250)
    rocket.circle(250)

我的老师告诉我,“穿线”对此有用,但我不太明白。如果有人可以帮我解决这个问题,我将不胜感激;)

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

有一只乌龟limitation不允许它使用多线程。

虽然,您不必将乌龟移动到整个圆圈,但您可以将它移动到一半。另外,我认为你误解了speed的作用。这只是乌龟的速度。

from turtle import *

def move(thing, distance):
    thing.circle(250, distance)

def main():
    rocket = Turtle()
    ISS = Turtle()
    rocket.speed(10)
    ISS.speed(10)
    counter = 1
    title("ISS")
    screensize(750, 750)
    ISS.hideturtle()
    rocket.hideturtle()
    ISS.penup()
    ISS.left(90)
    ISS.fd(250)
    ISS.left(90)
    ISS.showturtle()
    ISS.pendown()
    rocket.penup()
    rocket.fd(250)
    rocket.left(90)
    rocket.showturtle()
    rocket.pendown()

    while counter == 1:
        move(ISS, 3)
        move(rocket, 4)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我取出了移动物体的重复步骤,无论是国际空间站还是火箭,并使其成为一种功能。我把绘图的速度提高到10,因为我觉得它看起来更平滑。现在国际空间站的速度只有3/4,就像每一步火箭一样。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

在像乌龟这样的事件驱动的世界中,你不应该这样做:

counter = 1
...
while counter==1:

这有可能锁定事件。此外,没有办法干净地退出这个程序。我们不是在while循环中移动不同的距离,而是在ontimer()事件中移动一个恒定距离,但延迟不同(应该使用Python 2或3):

from turtle import Turtle, Screen

RADIUS = 250
ISS_DELAY = 100  # milliseconds
ROCKET_DELAY = 75  # milliseconds
CURSOR_SIZE = 20

def move_ISS():
    ISS.circle(RADIUS, 1)

    screen.ontimer(move_ISS, ISS_DELAY)

def move_rocket():
    rocket.circle(RADIUS, 1)

    # rocket slows to ISS' speed once docked
    delay = ISS_DELAY if rocket.distance(ISS) <= CURSOR_SIZE else ROCKET_DELAY

    screen.ontimer(move_rocket, delay)

screen = Screen()
screen.title("ISS")
screen.setup(750, 750)

ISS = Turtle("square", visible=False)
ISS.speed('fastest')
ISS.penup()
ISS.left(180)
ISS.sety(RADIUS)
ISS.showturtle()
ISS.pendown()

rocket = Turtle("triangle", visible=False)
rocket.speed('fastest')
rocket.penup()
rocket.left(90)
rocket.setx(RADIUS)
rocket.showturtle()
rocket.pendown()

move_ISS()
move_rocket()

screen.exitonclick()

您可以随时单击窗口上的任意位置,以便相对于事件处理程序干净地退出程序。而且我提出了一些逻辑,一旦它们停靠而不是飞过,太空船就会与国际空间站一起坚持下去。

这也可以通过线程完成,但所有图形操作都必须通过主线程进行引导以避免Tkinter错误(仅限Python3的解决方案):

from threading import Thread, active_count
from turtle import Turtle, Screen
from queue import Queue  # use for thread-safe communications
from time import sleep

RADIUS = 250
ISS_DISTANCE = 3
ROCKET_DISTANCE = 4
CURSOR_SIZE = 20
QUEUE_SIZE = 1

def move_ISS(turtle):
    while True:
        actions.put((turtle.circle, RADIUS, ISS_DISTANCE))
        sleep(0.1)

def move_rocket(turtle):
    while True:
        # rocket slows to ISS' speed once docked
        distance = ISS_DISTANCE if rocket.distance(ISS) <= CURSOR_SIZE else ROCKET_DISTANCE

        actions.put((turtle.circle, RADIUS, distance))
        sleep(0.1)

def process_queue():
    while not actions.empty():
        action, *arguments = actions.get()
        action(*arguments)

    if active_count() > 1:
        screen.ontimer(process_queue, 100)

actions = Queue(QUEUE_SIZE)

screen = Screen()
screen.title("ISS")
screen.setup(750, 750)

ISS = Turtle("square", visible=False)
ISS.speed('fastest')
ISS.penup()
ISS.left(180)
ISS.sety(RADIUS)
ISS.showturtle()
ISS.pendown()

ISS_thread = Thread(target=move_ISS, args=[ISS], daemon=True)

rocket = Turtle("triangle", visible=False)
rocket.speed('fastest')
rocket.penup()
rocket.left(90)
rocket.setx(RADIUS)
rocket.showturtle()
rocket.pendown()

rocket_thread = Thread(target=move_rocket, args=[rocket], daemon=True)

ISS_thread.start()
rocket_thread.start()

process_queue()

screen.exitonclick()