我有两个这样的列表:
monkey = ['2\n', '4\n', '10\n']
banana = ['18\n', '16\n', '120\n']
我想用这两个列表做的是制作第三个列表,我们称之为bananasplit。
我必须剥离' \n'
,只保留值,然后制作一个分为以下公式:
bananasplit[0] = banana[0]/monkey[0]
bananasplit[1] = banana[1]/monkey[1]
等
我尝试使用while循环,但无法正确完成。这是我做的:
bananasplit = 3*[None]
i = 0
while i <= 2:
[int(i) for i in monkey]
[int(i) for i in banana]
bananasplit[i] = banana[i]/monkey[i]
i += 1
你会如何拆除这个小问题?
答案 0 :(得分:20)
以下将会这样做:
>>> bananasplit = [int(b) / int(m) for b,m in zip(banana, monkey)]
>>> print(bananasplit)
[9, 4, 12]
就原始代码而言,主要问题是以下内容实际上是无操作:
[int(i) for i in monkey]
[int(i) for i in banana]
要将它们变成有用的东西,你需要在某处分配结果,例如:
monkey = [int(i) for i in monkey]
banana = [int(i) for i in banana]
最后,值得注意的是,根据Python版本,使用/
将一个整数除以另一个整数会截断结果或返回浮点结果。见In Python 2, what is the difference between '/' and '//' when used for division?
答案 1 :(得分:2)
尝试这样的事情。
bananasplit = [x/y for x, y in zip(map(int, banana), map(int, monkey))]
如果您想要float
结果(在python 2.x中),您可以将int
更改为float
或from __future__ import division
答案 2 :(得分:1)
列表迭代和地图功能可以让您快速到达目的地。
>>> monkey = ['2\n', '4\n', '10\n']
>>> banana = ['18\n', '16\n', '120\n']
>>> monkey = [ float(m.strip()) for m in monkey]
>>> banana = [ float(m.strip()) for m in banana]
>>> def div(a,b):
... return a/b
...
>>> map(div, banana, monkey)
[9.0, 4.0, 12.0]
>>>
答案 3 :(得分:0)
列表理解,如[an_expression for some_variable in some_sequence]
,会返回新列表。您的示例只是删除了这些结果。
# remove trailing whitespace and convert strings to numbers
monkey_numbers = [int(item.strip()) for item in monkey]
banana_numbers = [int(item.strip()) for item in banana]
# a traditional loop
bananasplit = [] # an empty list
for i in range(len(banana_numbers)):
# make bananasplit longer on each iteration
bananasplit.append(banana_numbers[i] / monkey_numbers[i])
然后,您可以使用列表推导而不是循环,因为您的表达式非常简单。您将需要zip
function,其中包含两个列表并列出对。
# divide in one statement
bananasplit = [
banana_portion / monkey_bunch
for (banana_portion, monkey_bunch) in
zip(banana_numbers, monkey_numbers)
]
当然,您可以自由使用较短的标识符;我使用长名称来使他们的角色更容易理解。