Question

我正在阅读Michael Hartl的rails教程并在第10.1.4节中获取规范验证错误，即使我认为我正在遵循说明。

我是Rails新手，但看起来Factory Girl正在尝试创建一个已经存在的用户，即使下面的代码应该创建一个新的微博并将其分配给现有用户：

FactoryGirl.create（：micropost，user：@ user，created_at：1.hour.ago）

有谁知道如何修复错误？

错误

1）用户微博协会应该以正确的顺序拥有正确的微博失败/错误：FactoryGirl.create（：micropost，user：@ user，created_at：1.hour.ago） ActiveRecord的:: RecordInvalid：验证失败：用户已被占用＃./spec/models/user_spec.rb:159

2）用户微博关联应该破坏相关的微博失败/错误：FactoryGirl.create（：micropost，user：@ user，created_at：1.hour.ago） ActiveRecord的:: RecordInvalid：验证失败：用户已被占用＃./spec/models/user_spec.rb:159

user_spec.rb

require 'spec_helper'

describe User do

    before do 
    @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com", 
        password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar") 
    end

    subject { @user }

    it { should respond_to(:name) }
    it { should respond_to(:email) }
    it { should respond_to(:password_digest) }
    it { should respond_to(:password) }
  it { should respond_to(:password_confirmation) }
  it { should respond_to(:remember_token) }
  it { should respond_to(:authenticate) }
  it { should respond_to(:admin) }
    it { should respond_to(:authenticate) }
    it { should respond_to(:microposts) }

    it { should be_valid }
    it { should_not be_admin }

  describe "when name is not present" do
    before { @user.name = " " }
    it { should_not be_valid }
  end

  describe "when email is not present" do
    before { @user.email = " " }
    it { should_not be_valid }
    end

    describe "when name is too long" do
    before { @user.name = "a" * 51 }
    it { should_not be_valid }
    end

    describe "when email format is invalid" do
    it "should be invalid" do
        addresses = %w[user@foo,com user_at_foo.org example.user@foo.
                         foo@bar_baz.com foo@bar+baz.com]
          addresses.each do |invalid_address|
            @user.email = invalid_address
            @user.should_not be_valid
        end      
      end
  end

  describe "when email is not downcase" do
    let(:uppercase_email) { "TEST@TEST.COM"}

    it "should be set to downcase" do
        @user.email = uppercase_email
        @user.save
        @user.email.should == uppercase_email.downcase
    end 
  end

    describe "when email format is valid" do
        it "should be valid" do
        addresses = %w[user@foo.COM A_US-ER@f.b.org frst.lst@foo.jp a+b@baz.cn]
      addresses.each do |valid_address|
          @user.email = valid_address
          @user.should be_valid
      end      
    end
  end

    describe "when email address is already taken" do
    before do
        user_with_same_email = @user.dup
        user_with_same_email.email.upcase!
        user_with_same_email.save
      end

      it { should_not be_valid }
    end

    describe "when password is not present" do
    before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = " " }
    it { should_not be_valid }
  end

    describe "when password doesn't match confirmation" do
    before { @user.password_confirmation = "mismatch" }
    it { should_not be_valid }
    end

    describe "when password confirmation is nil" do
    before { @user.password_confirmation = nil }
    it { should_not be_valid }
  end

    describe "return value of authenticate method" do
      before { @user.save }
        let(:found_user) { User.find_by_email(@user.email) }

    describe "with valid password" do
        it { should == found_user.authenticate(@user.password) }
    end

    describe "with invalid password" do
        let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }

        it { should_not == user_for_invalid_password }
        specify { user_for_invalid_password.should be_false }
        end     
    end

    describe "with a password that's too short" do
    before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = "a" * 5 }
    it { should be_invalid }
    end

    describe "remember token" do
    before { @user.save }
    its(:remember_token) { should_not be_blank }
  end

    describe "with admin attribute set to 'true'" do
      before do
      @user.save!
        @user.toggle!(:admin)
      end

      it { should be_admin }
    end

    describe "confirm admin attribute is not accessible" do
        it "should not be accessible" do
            expect do
              @user.update_attributes(:admin => true)
      end.to raise_error(ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error)
    end  
  end 

  describe "micropost associations" do

    before { @user.save }
    let!(:older_micropost) do 
      FactoryGirl.create(:micropost, user: @user, created_at: 1.day.ago)
    end

    let!(:newer_micropost) do
      FactoryGirl.create(:micropost, user: @user, created_at: 1.hour.ago)
    end

    it "should have the right microposts in the right order" do
      @user.microposts.should == [newer_micropost, older_micropost]
    end

    it "should destroy associated microposts" do
      microposts = @user.microposts.dup
      @user.destroy
      microposts.should_not be_empty
      microposts.each do |micropost|
        Micropost.find_by_id(micropost.id).should be_nil
      end
    end
  end
end

factories.rb

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :user do
    # Rails::logger.info "hello"

    sequence(:name)  { |n| "Person #{n}" }
    sequence(:email) { |n| "person_#{n}@example.com" }   
    password "foobar"
    password_confirmation "foobar"

    factory :admin do
      admin true
    end
  end

  factory :micropost do
    content "Lorem ipsum"
    user
  end
end

Answer 1

我在下面描述了同样的错误＃2。我发现重新启动spork并重新运行rake db:test:prepare，错误已解决。

Answer 2

您没有使用FactoryGirl在那里创建用户对象。在 user_spec.rb 的顶部附近，启动@user = User.new...的@user的分配应改为：

@user = FactoryGirl.create(:user)

这样，每次测试前都会创建一个具有唯一电子邮件地址的新对象。

Rails教程第10.1.4节：“用户已被占用”

2 个答案: