Question

由于这篇文章我用ndk-build成功构建了libjpeg-turbo： libjpeg-turbo for android

我想在libjpeg-turbo的example.c中获得一个像read_JPEG_file这样的本机函数来从Java代码中调用它来用于Android应用程序。

有人能举例说明怎么做吗？如何编写使用libjpeg-turbo ndk构建库的Java本机方法？

我可以通过

加载库

System.loadLibrary("libjpeg");

但接下来呢？该库没有任何本机方法可以从Java调用。

我试图根据JNI文档编写一个JNI c类，但没有成功。示例代码非常适合学习如何操作。

修改

我创建了一个测试类NativeMethods：

package com.test.app;

public class NativeMethods {

    private String filename = null;

    static {
        System.loadLibrary("jpeg"); // this represents compiled libjpeg-turbo under ndk
    }

    public NativeMethods(String jpegFilename) {
        this.filename = jpegFilename;
    }

    public native int computeNumberOfDCTS(String filename);
}

然后我使用javah生成本机方法的C头，结果是com_test_app_NativeMethods.h文件包含：

/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class com_test_app_NativeMethods */

#ifndef _Included_com_test_app_NativeMethods
#define _Included_com_test_app_NativeMethods
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
 * Class:     com_test_app_NativeMethods
 * Method:    computeNumberOfDCTS
 * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;)I
 */
JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS
  (JNIEnv *, jobject, jstring);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif

然后我创建了名为JPEGProcessing.c的文件，其中我将本机函数的c实现如下：

#include "com_test_app_NativeMethods.h"

//that came from jpeglib example
struct my_error_mgr
{
    struct jpeg_error_mgr pub;
    jmp_buf setjmp_buffer;
};
typedef struct my_error_mgr * my_error_ptr;

//routine that will replace the standard error_exit method
static void
my_error_exit (j_common_ptr cinfo)
{
    /* cinfo->err really points to a my_error_mgr struct, so coerce pointer */
    my_error_ptr myerr = (my_error_ptr) cinfo->err;

    (*cinfo->err->output_message) (cinfo);

    /* Return control to the setjmp point */
    longjmp(myerr->setjmp_buffer, 1);
}

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS
    (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jstring javaString)
{
    jint toReturn = 0;
    // struct representing jpeg image
    struct jpeg_decompress_struct  cinfo;
    // struct representing error manager; defined above
    struct my_error_mgr jerr;

    const char *filename = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, javaString, 0);

    FILE * infile;

    if ((infile = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "can't open %s\n", filename);
        return -1;
    }

    cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr.pub);
    jerr.pub.error_exit = my_error_exit;

    if (setjmp(jerr.setjmp_buffer)) {
        jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
        fclose(infile);
        return -1;
    }

    jpeg_create_decompress(&cinfo);

    jpeg_stdio_src(&cinfo, infile);

    (void) jpeg_read_header(&cinfo, TRUE);

    // declare virtual arrays for DCT coefficients
    jvirt_barray_ptr* coeffs_array;
    // read DCT coefficients from jpeg
    coeffs_array = jpeg_read_coefficients(&cinfo);

    // fill virtual arrays.
    // ci represents component color
    // this cycle prints all dct coefficient of the jpeg in 8x8 blocks
    for (int ci = 0; ci < 3; ci++)
    {
        JBLOCKARRAY buffer_one;
        JCOEFPTR blockptr_one;
        jpeg_component_info* compptr_one;
        compptr_one = cinfo.comp_info + ci;

        for (int by = 1; by < (compptr_one->height_in_blocks - 1); by++) // we don't want to use the edges of the images
        {
            buffer_one = (cinfo.mem->access_virt_barray)((j_common_ptr)&cinfo, coeffs_array[ci], by, (JDIMENSION)1, FALSE);

            for (int bx = 1; bx < (compptr_one->width_in_blocks - 1); bx++) // we don't want to use the edges of the images
            {
                blockptr_one = buffer_one[0][bx];

                for (int bi = 1; bi < 64; bi++) // we don't want to use AC
                {
                    toReturn++;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
    fclose(infile);

    return toReturn;
}

文件JPEGProcessing.c和com_test_app_NativeMethods.h位于project/jni/文件夹中。在同一个jni文件夹中，我创建了Android.mk文件，其中我放了这些行：

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_MODULE    := JPEGProcessing
LOCAL_CFLAGS    := -Werror
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := JPEGProcessing.c

LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)
LOCAL_LDLIBS    := -lm -llog -landroid
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libjpeg
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

从我的项目目录运行ndk-build后出现了一些错误：

jni/JPEGProcessing.c:7:27: error: field 'pub' has incomplete type
jni/JPEGProcessing.c:8:5: error: unknown type name 'jmp_buf'
jni/JPEGProcessing.c:14:16: error: unknown type name 'j_common_ptr'
jni/JPEGProcessing.c: In function 'Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS':
jni/JPEGProcessing.c:30:36: error: storage size of 'cinfo' isn't known
jni/JPEGProcessing.c:36:5: error: unknown type name 'FILE'
jni/JPEGProcessing.c:38:17: error: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast [-Werror]
jni/JPEGProcessing.c:38:45: error: 'NULL' undeclared (first use in this function)
...

我不明白。如何将代码与libjpeg-turbo函数结合起来以获得工作库并在java中使用它？

我阅读了NDK说明和示例，但仍然没有得到它。

修改

使用简单的原生方法的NDK和JNI工作得很好。作为测试，我使用了以下简单的方法：

#include "com_test_app_NativeMethods.h"

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS
    (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jstring javaString)
{
    jint toReturn = 0;

    const char *filename = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, javaString, 0);
    const char *test = "test";

    if ( filename == test )
    {
        toReturn++;
    }

    return toReturn;
}

我尝试使用libjpeg-turbo的东西如下：

#include "com_test_app_NativeMethods.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#include <libjpeg-turbo/jpeglib.h>
#include <libjpeg-turbo/turbojpeg.h>
#include <libjpeg-turbo/jconfig.h>
#include <libjpeg-turbo/jmorecfg.h>
#include <libjpeg-turbo/jerror.h>

//that came from jpeglib example
struct my_error_mgr
{
    struct jpeg_error_mgr pub;
    jmp_buf setjmp_buffer;
};
typedef struct my_error_mgr * my_error_ptr;

//routine that will replace the standard error_exit method
static void
my_error_exit (j_common_ptr cinfo)
{
    /* cinfo->err really points to a my_error_mgr struct, so coerce pointer */
    my_error_ptr myerr = (my_error_ptr) cinfo->err;

    (*cinfo->err->output_message) (cinfo);

    /* Return control to the setjmp point */
    longjmp(myerr->setjmp_buffer, 1);
}

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS
    (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jstring javaString)
{
    jint toReturn = 0;
    // struct representing jpeg image
    struct jpeg_decompress_struct  cinfo;
    // struct representing error manager; defined above
    struct my_error_mgr jerr;

    const char *filename = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, javaString, 0);

    FILE * infile;

    if ((infile = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL) {
        // cannot open file
        return -1;
    }

    cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr.pub);
    jerr.pub.error_exit = my_error_exit;

    if (setjmp(jerr.setjmp_buffer)) {
        jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
        fclose(infile);
        return -1;
    }

    jpeg_create_decompress(&cinfo);

    jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
    fclose(infile);

    return toReturn;
}

我得到错误......：

Compile thumb  : JPEGProcessing <= JPEGProcessing.c
SharedLibrary  : libJPEGProcessing.so
/usr/android-ndk-r8c/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.6/prebuilt/darwin-x86/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: ./obj/local/armeabi/objs/JPEGProcessing/JPEGProcessing.o: in function Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS:jni/JPEGProcessing.c:50: error: undefined reference to 'jpeg_std_error'
/usr/android-ndk-r8c/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.6/prebuilt/darwin-x86/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: ./obj/local/armeabi/objs/JPEGProcessing/JPEGProcessing.o: in function Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS:jni/JPEGProcessing.c:59: error: undefined reference to 'jpeg_CreateDecompress'
/usr/android-ndk-r8c/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.6/prebuilt/darwin-x86/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: ./obj/local/armeabi/objs/JPEGProcessing/JPEGProcessing.o: in function Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS:jni/JPEGProcessing.c:61: error: undefined reference to 'jpeg_destroy_decompress'
/usr/android-ndk-r8c/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.6/prebuilt/darwin-x86/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.6/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: ./obj/local/armeabi/objs/JPEGProcessing/JPEGProcessing.o: in function Java_com_test_app_NativeMethods_computeNumberOfDCTS:jni/JPEGProcessing.c:54: error: undefined reference to 'jpeg_destroy_decompress'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [obj/local/armeabi/libJPEGProcessing.so] Error 1

那么如何在ndk构建的libjpeg-turbo库中使用本机代码？

Answer 1

由于libjpeg_turbo被编译为C库，并且您的Android本机代码被编译为C ++程序，因此您应该通过linkage指令包含C库。

试试这个，

extern "C" {
#include "headers of libjpeg_turbo"
}

Answer 2

如果需要从本机代码执行所有操作，可以在本机端为库创建自己的包装器。步骤大致是这些步骤：

在您致电的课程中：

的System.loadLibrary（ “的libjpeg”）;

您声明需要在Java端调用的本机方法，而不提供任何实现：

public static native readJPEGFile();

然后，您可以使用javah命令创建一个C文件，并在本机端实现本机功能。当你在Java端调用本机函数时，将调用它。注意函数和参数的完整路径，这些路径将由javah命令自动生成，不应更改，否则将无法正常工作。结果应该是这样的：
```
 extern "C" {
     JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_android_packagename_GL2JNILib_readJPEGFile(JNIEnv * env, jobject obj);
 };

JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_android_packagename_GL2JNILib_readJPEGFile(JNIEnv * env, jobject obj) {
    // Call your library's function
 }
```

之后，您需要在包含包装函数的jni文件夹（如果它不存在的话创建它）中创建共享库。您可以创建一个Android.mk文件并运行ndk-build来生成共享库（.so文件）。一个可能的Android.mk可能就像这个，你应该检查名称和依赖关系：

  LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
  include $(CLEAR_VARS)
  LOCAL_MODULE    := jpgturbo-wrapper
  LOCAL_CFLAGS    := -Werror
  LOCAL_SRC_FILES := jpgturboWrapper.cpp
  LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)
  LOCAL_LDLIBS    := -lm -llog -landroid
  LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := jpegturbo # write all the libraries your project depend on here, separated by white spaces
  include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

现在您可以运行ndk-build并生成.so文件并将其复制到其对应的文件夹中。

您可以查看NDK文档，特别是它们提供的示例： http://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/index.html

有时候在github上快速搜索以查看是否有其他人在你开始工作之前就已经开始了相同的工作，或者只是看一些比官方样本更高级的例子，这也是一个好主意。

Answer 3

尝试修改您的Android.mk以包含您的libjpeg标头，同时尝试查找有关dlopen()函数的一些信息以使用您编译的arm libjpeg.so。

Answer 4

我将其发布为comment under one of the existing answers，但我认为这实际上是一个更好的答案＆＃34;你必须编写自己的包装器JNI lib＆＃34;：

根据@AlexCohn中的comment，您可以在构建中包含包装器JNI接口，方法是将turbojpeg-jni.c添加到要在Android.mk中构建的文件列表中，这样您就可以了可以使用它们直接提供的Java类，而不必创建自己的本机代码来调用lib。

Android如何通过JNi示例使用libjpeg-turbo库

4 个答案: