我有本地表和字符串,必须从其值填充:
DECLARE @#SomeTable TABLE ( some columns ..)
DECLARE @SomeString varchar(8000) = 'init string'
迭代时
WHILE EXISTS(SELECT * FROM @#SomeTable)
BEGIN
// [somecolumn] is declared temp variable
SELECT TOP 1 @somecolumn = somecolumn FROM @#SomeTable
PRINT 'before ' + @SomeString // 'init string'
PRINT [some values from SomeTable] // this OK
SET @SomeString += [some values from SomeTable]
PRINT 'after ' + @SomeString //'init string' UPDATE NOT TAKE PLACE!!!!
DELETE @#SomeTable Where somecolumn = @somecolumn
END
我发现连接失败了。为什么呢?
编辑:
这是一段原始代码:
/*Represents [WHERE] clause for retrieving values from specifyed range*/
DECLARE @WHEREclause nchar(1000) = 'WHERE '
/*Represents [ORDER BY] clause for sorting in right order and direction {ASC|DESC}*/
DECLARE @ORDERBYclause nchar(1000) = 'ORDER BY '
/*Dynamic query that returns end result*/
DECLARE @sqlCmd varchar(8000) =
'SELECT
img,
capacity,
price,
Id
FROM HDD '
/* -a- filling table for input values*/
INSERT INTO @#SequenceTable(columnName,columnValue,comparator,isASC,columnOrder)
SELECT
columnName,
columnValue,
comparator,
isASC,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY outOrder) AS columnOrder
FROM
(
SELECT 'buffer' as columnName, CAST(@buffer AS nchar(20)) as columnValue, @bufferCmp as comparator, @bufferASC as isASC, @bufferOrder as outOrder
UNION
SELECT 'capacity', CAST(@capacity AS nchar(20)), @capacityCmp, @capacityASC, @capacityOrder
UNION
SELECT 'price', STR(@price,20,2), @priceCmp, @priceASC, @priceOrder
UNION
SELECT 'angle_speed', CAST(@angleSpeed AS nchar(20)), @angleSpeedCmp ,@angleSpeedASC,@angleSpeedOrder
) AS AnyName
ORDER BY columnOrder
/*---/a-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*variables for above fields*/
DECLARE @columnName nchar(20)
DECLARE @comparator char
DECLARE @columnValue nchar(20)
DECLARE @isASC char
WHILE EXISTS(SELECT * FROM @#SequenceTable)
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @columnName = columnName FROM @#SequenceTable
SELECT TOP 1 @comparator = comparator FROM @#SequenceTable
SELECT TOP 1 @columnValue = columnValue FROM @#SequenceTable
SELECT TOP 1 @isASC = isASC FROM @#SequenceTable
IF @WHEREclause != 'WHERE '
BEGIN
SET @WHEREclause += ' AND '
END
PRINT 'before ' + @WHEREclause
PRINT CONCAT(RTRIM(@columnName), @comparator, @columnValue)
SET @WHEREclause += CONCAT(RTRIM(@columnName), @comparator, @columnValue)
PRINT 'after ' + @WHEREclause
IF @ORDERBYclause != 'ORDER BY '
BEGIN
SET @ORDERBYclause += ','
END
IF @isASC = '1'
SET @ORDERBYclause += CONCAT(RTRIM(@columnName),' ASC ')
ELSE
SET @ORDERBYclause += CONCAT(RTRIM(@columnName),' DESC ')
Delete @#SequenceTable Where columnName = @columnName
END
这是打印结果:
before WHERE
angle_speed=7400
after WHERE
+=
无效。如果我使用
@SomeString = 'some value'
然后更新可见,但如果我改为使用
@SomeString += 'some value'
更新不可见
答案 0 :(得分:9)
我可以向您保证,SQL Server中没有错误,并且+=
完全按预期工作。我尝试了以下代码:
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @#SomeTable TABLE (somecolumn VARCHAR(8000));
INSERT @#SomeTable VALUES('a'), ('bbb'), ('ccccc');
DECLARE @SomeString varchar(8000) = 'init string',
@somecolumn varchar(8000);
WHILE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM @#SomeTable)
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @somecolumn = somecolumn FROM @#SomeTable;
SET @SomeString += @somecolumn;
PRINT @SomeString; -- Works fine!!!
DELETE @#SomeTable Where somecolumn = @somecolumn;
END
以下是我的结果:
init stringa
init stringabbb
init stringabbbccccc
由于无法确切地告诉你在代码中做了什么(你已经混淆了最重要的部分),也许你可以从那里开始?当然,您在表中有一个NULL值,或者您分配错误,或者您正在分配错误的变量。再说一遍,无法分辨,因为你隐藏了代码的关键部分!
此外,由于您似乎并不关心订单,因此您也可以在不循环的情况下执行此操作:
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @#SomeTable TABLE (somecolumn VARCHAR(8000));
INSERT @#SomeTable VALUES('a'), ('bbb'), ('ccccc');
DECLARE @SomeString varchar(8000) = 'init string',
@somecolumn varchar(8000);
SELECT @SomeString += somecolumn FROM @#SomeTable;
PRINT @SomeString;
结果:
init stringabbbccccc
如果您关心顺序,您仍然可以在不循环的情况下执行此操作 - 使用XML技巧按顺序连接,然后将其附加到init字符串:
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @#SomeTable TABLE (somecolumn VARCHAR(8000));
INSERT @#SomeTable VALUES('a'), ('bbb'), ('ccccc');
DECLARE @SomeString varchar(8000) = 'init string',
@somecolumn varchar(8000) = '';
SELECT @somecolumn = (SELECT somecolumn FROM @#SomeTable
ORDER BY somecolumn DESC
FOR XML PATH, TYPE).value('.[1]', 'nvarchar(max)');
PRINT @SomeString + @somecolumn;
结果:
init stringcccccbbba
答案 1 :(得分:7)
如果涉及的值之一为NULL
,则SQL Server中两个值之间的任何计算都会导致NULL
。在您的情况下,@SomeString
未初始化。这意味着它的值为NULL
。因此SET @SomeString =+ 'somevalue'
会产生NULL
。
要解决此问题,请在开头将变量初始化为''
。
此外,您还有以下代码:
SET @somecolumn += [some values from SomeTable]
但你可能想要这样:
SET @SomeString += [some values from SomeTable]
答案 2 :(得分:1)
我遇到了同样的问题,这肯定是T-SQL的一个已知问题。这里将详细解释:https://marc.durdin.net/2015/07/concatenating-strings-in-sql-server-or-undefined-behaviour-by-design/
总结:
使用SELECT语句的变量赋值是一种专有语法(仅限T-SQL),如果生成多行,则行为未定义或依赖于计划。
在具有ORDER BY子句的查询中使用赋值操作(在此示例中为连接)具有未定义的行为。由于查询计划的更改,这可能会在不同版本之间或甚至在特定服务器版本中发生变化。即使有解决方法,也不能依赖此行为。
唯一有保障的机制如下: 1.使用游标按特定顺序循环遍历行并连接值 2.使用ORDER BY进行xml查询以生成连接值 3.使用CLR聚合(这不适用于ORDER BY子句)