C ++ toString输出整数

时间:2013-01-12 00:27:34

标签: c++ operator-overloading tostring

我正在刷我的C ++,我试图找出为什么我的toString函数没有输出我定义的格式化字符串。

我所指的功能是:friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Employee&);

Employee.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace std;

class Employee {
  private:
    string name;
    double rate;
    double hours;
    double getPay() const;
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Employee&);
  public:
    Employee(string, double);
    void setHours(double);
};

Employee::Employee(string name, double rate) {
  this->name = name;
  this->rate = rate;
  this->hours = 0;
}

void Employee::setHours(double hours) {
  this->hours = hours;
}

double Employee::getPay() const {
  double gross = this->hours * this->rate;
  double overtime = this->hours > 40 ? 
      (this->hours - 40) * (this->rate * 1.5) : 0;
    return gross + overtime;
}

// toString
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &strm, const Employee &e) {
  char buff[64];
  return strm << sprintf(buff, "Name: %s, Salary: $%.2f\n",
    e.name.c_str(), e.getPay());
}

int main (int* argc, char** argv) {
  Employee emp1("Bob", 28);
  Employee emp2("Joe", 32);
  emp1.setHours(44);
  emp2.setHours(25);
  cout << emp1 << endl;
  cout << emp2 << endl;
  return 0;
}

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

sprintf返回:

  • 成功时,返回写入的字符总数。此计数不包括自动附加在字符串末尾的附加空字符。
  • 如果失败,则返回负数。

在任何情况下都不返回字符串,它总是返回int,这就是您要求打印的内容。大概你想要这个:

char buff[64];
sprintf(buff, "Name: %s, Salary: $%.2f\n",
  e.name.c_str(), e.getPay());
return strm << buff;

虽然如果你坚持 streams 而不是混合 C C ++ 标准库会更好:

return strm << "Name: " << e.name << ", Salary: $" << std::setprecision(2) << e.getPay() << "\n";

答案 1 :(得分:2)

这真的不是ostream的工作方式。事实上,如果你查找sprintf,你会发现你实际上并不想将其返回值打印到strm。相反,你应该打印buf。类似的东西:

std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &strm, const Employee &e) {
  char buff[64];
  sprintf(buff, "Name: %s, Salary: $%.2f\n",
    e.name.c_str(), e.getPay());
  return strm << buff;
}

将sprintf和ostream混合起来并不是一个好主意,但至少会使你的代码工作。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

将C / C ++代码混合在一起,编写纯c ++代码

是不好的做法
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &strm, const Employee &e) 
{  
  strm << "Name: " << e.name << " Salary: $" << std::setprecision(2) << e.getPay();
  return strm;
}