想象一下有一个班级:
@Something(someProperty = "some value")
public class Foobar {
//...
}
已经编译了(我无法控制源代码),并且是jvm启动时类路径的一部分。我希望能够在运行时将“某些值”更改为其他内容,这样之后的任何反射都将具有我的新值而不是默认的“某个值”。
这可能吗?如果是这样,怎么样?
答案 0 :(得分:40)
这段代码或多或少地符合您的要求 - 这是一个简单的概念证明:
declaredAnnotations
输出:
oldAnnotation =某个值
modifiedAnnotation =另一个值
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
final Something oldAnnotation = (Something) Foobar.class.getAnnotations()[0];
System.out.println("oldAnnotation = " + oldAnnotation.someProperty());
Annotation newAnnotation = new Something() {
@Override
public String someProperty() {
return "another value";
}
@Override
public Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType() {
return oldAnnotation.annotationType();
}
};
Field field = Class.class.getDeclaredField("annotations");
field.setAccessible(true);
Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations = (Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation>) field.get(Foobar.class);
annotations.put(Something.class, newAnnotation);
Something modifiedAnnotation = (Something) Foobar.class.getAnnotations()[0];
System.out.println("modifiedAnnotation = " + modifiedAnnotation.someProperty());
}
@Something(someProperty = "some value")
public static class Foobar {
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Something {
String someProperty();
}
答案 1 :(得分:34)
警告:未在OSX上测试 - 请参阅@Marcel的评论
在OSX上测试过。工作正常。
由于我还需要在运行时更改注释值,所以我重新回答了这个问题。
以下是@assylias方法的修改版本(非常感谢您的灵感)。
/**
* Changes the annotation value for the given key of the given annotation to newValue and returns
* the previous value.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static Object changeAnnotationValue(Annotation annotation, String key, Object newValue){
Object handler = Proxy.getInvocationHandler(annotation);
Field f;
try {
f = handler.getClass().getDeclaredField("memberValues");
} catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException(e);
}
f.setAccessible(true);
Map<String, Object> memberValues;
try {
memberValues = (Map<String, Object>) f.get(handler);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException(e);
}
Object oldValue = memberValues.get(key);
if (oldValue == null || oldValue.getClass() != newValue.getClass()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
memberValues.put(key,newValue);
return oldValue;
}
用法示例:
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
public @interface ClassAnnotation {
String value() default "";
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
public @interface FieldAnnotation {
String value() default "";
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface MethodAnnotation {
String value() default "";
}
@ClassAnnotation("class test")
public static class TestClass{
@FieldAnnotation("field test")
public Object field;
@MethodAnnotation("method test")
public void method(){
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
final ClassAnnotation classAnnotation = TestClass.class.getAnnotation(ClassAnnotation.class);
System.out.println("old ClassAnnotation = " + classAnnotation.value());
changeAnnotationValue(classAnnotation, "value", "another class annotation value");
System.out.println("modified ClassAnnotation = " + classAnnotation.value());
Field field = TestClass.class.getField("field");
final FieldAnnotation fieldAnnotation = field.getAnnotation(FieldAnnotation.class);
System.out.println("old FieldAnnotation = " + fieldAnnotation.value());
changeAnnotationValue(fieldAnnotation, "value", "another field annotation value");
System.out.println("modified FieldAnnotation = " + fieldAnnotation.value());
Method method = TestClass.class.getMethod("method");
final MethodAnnotation methodAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(MethodAnnotation.class);
System.out.println("old MethodAnnotation = " + methodAnnotation.value());
changeAnnotationValue(methodAnnotation, "value", "another method annotation value");
System.out.println("modified MethodAnnotation = " + methodAnnotation.value());
}
这种方法的优点是,不需要创建新的注释实例。因此,不需要事先知道具体的注释类。此外,副作用应该是最小的,因为原始注释实例保持不变。
使用Java 8进行测试。
答案 2 :(得分:3)
这个可以在我的机器上使用Java 8.它将注释ignoreUnknown
中@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
的值从 true 更改为 false 。
final List<Annotation> matchedAnnotation = Arrays.stream(SomeClass.class.getAnnotations()).filter(annotation -> annotation.annotationType().equals(JsonIgnoreProperties.class)).collect(Collectors.toList());
final Annotation modifiedAnnotation = new JsonIgnoreProperties() {
@Override public Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType() {
return matchedAnnotation.get(0).annotationType();
} @Override public String[] value() {
return new String[0];
} @Override public boolean ignoreUnknown() {
return false;
} @Override public boolean allowGetters() {
return false;
} @Override public boolean allowSetters() {
return false;
}
};
final Method method = Class.class.getDeclaredMethod("getDeclaredAnnotationMap", null);
method.setAccessible(true);
final Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations = (Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation>) method.invoke(SomeClass.class, null);
annotations.put(JsonIgnoreProperties.class, modifiedAnnotation);
答案 3 :(得分:1)
试用此Java 8解决方案
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
final Something oldAnnotation = (Something) Foobar.class.getAnnotations()[0];
System.out.println("oldAnnotation = " + oldAnnotation.someProperty());
Annotation newAnnotation = new Something() {
@Override
public String someProperty() {
return "another value";
}
@Override
public Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType() {
return oldAnnotation.annotationType();
}
};
Method method = Class.class.getDeclaredMethod("annotationData", null);
method.setAccessible(true);
Object annotationData = method.invoke(getClass(), null);
Field declaredAnnotations = annotationData.getClass().getDeclaredField("declaredAnnotations");
declaredAnnotations.setAccessible(true);
Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations = (Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation>) declaredAnnotations.get(annotationData);
annotations.put(Something.class, newAnnotation);
Something modifiedAnnotation = (Something) Foobar.class.getAnnotations()[0];
System.out.println("modifiedAnnotation = " + modifiedAnnotation.someProperty());
}
@Something(someProperty = "some value")
public static class Foobar {
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Something {
String someProperty();
}
答案 4 :(得分:1)
SPRING可以非常轻松地完成这项工作,对于Spring开发人员来说可能很有用。 请按照以下步骤操作: -
第一个解决方案: - 1)创建一个Bean,为someProperty返回一个值。在这里,我从DB或属性文件中注入somePropertyValue和@Value注释: -
@Value("${config.somePropertyValue}")
private String somePropertyValue;
@Bean
public String somePropertyValue(){
return somePropertyValue;
}
2)在此之后,可以将somePropertyValue注入到@Something注释中,如下所示: -
@Something(someProperty = "#{@somePropertyValue}")
public class Foobar {
//...
}
第二个解决方案: -
1)在bean中创建getter setter: -
@Component
public class config{
@Value("${config.somePropertyValue}")
private String somePropertyValue;
public String getSomePropertyValue() {
return somePropertyValue;
}
public void setSomePropertyValue(String somePropertyValue) {
this.somePropertyValue = somePropertyValue;
}
}
2)在此之后,可以将somePropertyValue注入到@Something注释中,如下所示: -
@Something(someProperty = "#{config.somePropertyValue}")
public class Foobar {
//...
}
答案 5 :(得分:0)
我能够在jdk1.8中以这种方式访问和修改注释,但不确定为什么没有效果,
slug
答案 6 :(得分:-3)
注释属性值必须是常量 - 因此,除非您想要进行一些严格的字节代码操作,否则将无法实现。是否有更简洁的方法,例如使用您想要的注释创建包装类?