我们需要使用相同的Web应用程序但不同的配置（通过spring +系统属性注入）启动3个tomcats，以便执行swing应用程序的某些集成测试。
我们有一个专门用于此测试的maven项目，它获取服务器端应用程序的WAR和swing应用程序的JAR，在3个不同的端口上启动3个tomcat实例，在这些tomcats中运行WAR并运行测试。
这是我们的maven配置：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>xxx</groupId>
<artifactId>XXX-SwingTests</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>XXX Swing Tests</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<source.encoding>UTF-8</source.encoding>
<java.compiler.version>1.6</java.compiler.version>
<XXX.version>${project.version}</XXX.version>
<swing-test.include>**/ *SwingTest*</swing-test.include>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>xxx</groupId>
<artifactId>XXX-Client-Base</artifactId>
<version>${XXX.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>xxx</groupId>
<artifactId>XXX-Client-Base</artifactId>
<version>${XXX.version}</version>
<type>test-jar</type>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.8.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>abbot</groupId>
<artifactId>abbot</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<!-- External Libraries included in Tomcat -->
<dependencies>
<!-- Active MQ dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
<artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
<version>5.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
<version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>3.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.xbean</groupId>
<artifactId>xbean-spring</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<configuration>
<ignorePackaging>true</ignorePackaging>
<webapps>
<webapp>
<groupId>xxx</groupId>
<artifactId>XXX-Web</artifactId>
<version>${XXX.version}</version>
<type>war</type>
<asWebapp>true</asWebapp>
<contextPath>XXX</contextPath>
</webapp>
</webapps>
<systemProperties>
<!-- Allow Slashes and backslashes encoding -->
<org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UDecoder.ALLOW_ENCODED_SLASH>true</org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UDecoder.ALLOW_ENCODED_SLASH>
<org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.ALLOW_BACKSLASH>true</org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.ALLOW_BACKSLASH>
</systemProperties>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<includes>
<include>*</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>false</filtering>
<excludes>
<exclude>*</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/conf</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<testResources>
<testResource>
<filtering>false</filtering>
<directory>src/test/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.xml</exclude>
</excludes>
</testResource>
<testResource>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<directory>src/test/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</testResource>
</testResources>
</build>
<profiles>
<!-- Profile that starts the tomcat servers -->
<profile>
<id>start-servers</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- Run CL server -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>tomcat-run-CL</id>
<goals>
<goal>run-war-only</goal>
</goals>
<phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
<configuration>
<port>8180</port>
<ajpPort>8109</ajpPort>
<fork>true</fork>
<systemProperties>
<config_XXX_application>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/central/application.properties</config_XXX_application>
<config_XXX_cron_application>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/central/cron.properties</config_XXX_cron_application>
<config_XXX_external>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/central/external-providers.properties</config_XXX_external>
</systemProperties>
<contextFile>${project.build.directory}/classes/CL/context.xml</contextFile>
<configurationDir>${project.build.directory}/tomcat-cl</configurationDir>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<!-- Run LL server -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>tomcat-run-LL</id>
<goals>
<goal>run-war-only</goal>
</goals>
<phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
<configuration>
<port>8280</port>
<ajpPort>8209</ajpPort>
<fork>true</fork>
<systemProperties>
<config_XXX_application>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/local/application.properties</config_XXX_application>
<config_XXX_cron_application>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/local/cron.properties</config_XXX_cron_application>
<config_XXX_external>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/local/external-providers.properties</config_XXX_external>
</systemProperties>
<contextFile>${project.build.directory}/classes/LL/context.xml</contextFile>
<configurationDir>${project.build.directory}/tomcat-ll</configurationDir>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<!-- Run OL server -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>tomcat-run-OL</id>
<goals>
<goal>run-war-only</goal>
</goals>
<phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
<configuration>
<port>8380</port>
<ajpPort>8309</ajpPort>
<fork>true</fork>
<systemProperties>
<config_XXX_application>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/operational/application.properties</config_XXX_application>
<config_XXX_cron_application>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/operational/cron.properties</config_XXX_cron_application>
<config_XXX_external>${project.build.directory}/test-classes/operational/external-providers.properties</config_XXX_external>
</systemProperties>
<contextFile>${project.build.directory}/classes/OL/context.xml</contextFile>
<configurationDir>${project.build.directory}/tomcat-ol</configurationDir>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<!-- Stop all servers -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>tomcat-shutdown</id>
<goals>
<goal>shutdown</goal>
</goals>
<phase>post-integration-test</phase>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
<!-- Profile that runs the swing tests in the integration-test phase -->
<profile>
<id>swing-tests</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- Execute swing tests in the 'integration-test' phase -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.13</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>integration-test</id>
<phase>integration-test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>integration-test</goal>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<argLine>-Xms512m -Xmx1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m</argLine>
<includes>
<include>${swing-test.include}</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
</project>
即使日志没有显示任何特定内容，只有目标服务器启动的测试首先成功，其他测试失败，我无法看到原因（我怀疑弹簧上下文未正确启动，但我不能确定）。 如果我注释掉第一个插件执行，那么所有针对此服务器的测试现在都会失败（显然），但是目前列表中下一个测试的测试会通过。
您是否知道此配置有什么问题？ 实现我们在这里尝试的正确方法是什么？
编辑： 实际上，日志中存在错误，但我不确定如何理解：
[INFO] [tomcat7:run-war-only {execution: tomcat-run-CL}]
[INFO] Running war on http://localhost:8180/xxx-SwingTests
[INFO] Creating Tomcat server configuration at C:\projects\xxx\workspace\xxx-SwingTests\target\tomcat-cl
[INFO] setting SystemProperties:
[INFO] config_xxx_application=C:\projects\xxx\workspace\xxx-SwingTests\target/test-classes/central/application.properties
[INFO] config_xxx_cron_application=C:\projects\xxx\workspace\xxx-SwingTests\target/test-classes/central/cron.properties
[INFO] config_xxx_external=C:\projects\xxx\workspace\xxx-SwingTests\target/test-classes/central/external-providers.properties
[INFO] org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.ALLOW_BACKSLASH=true
[INFO] org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UDecoder.ALLOW_ENCODED_SLASH=true
[INFO] create webapp with contextPath: /xxx-SwingTests
[INFO] Deploying dependency wars
[INFO] Deploy warfile: C:\Users\Administrator\.m2\repository\xxx\xxx-Web\3.1.2-SNAPSHOT\xxx-Web-3.1.2-SNAPSHOT.war to contextPath: /xxx
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8180"]
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8109"]
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service Tomcat
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.30
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext resourcesStart
SEVERE: Error starting static Resources
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Document base C:\projects\xxx\workspace\xxx-SwingTests\target\xxx-SwingTests-3.1.2-SNAPSHOT does not exist or is not a readable directory
at org.apache.naming.resources.FileDirContext.setDocBase(FileDirContext.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.resourcesStart(StandardContext.java:4906)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5086)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
SEVERE: Error in resourceStart()
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
SEVERE: Error getConfigured
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
SEVERE: Context [/xxx-SwingTests] startup failed due to previous errors
Jan 9, 2013 7:44:27 PM org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources cleanUp
WARNING: Failed to retrieve JNDI naming context for container [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/xxx-SwingTests]] so no cleanup was performed for that container
javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name [comp/env] is not bound in this Context. Unable to find [comp].
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:820)
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:168)
at org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources.cleanUp(NamingResources.java:988)
at org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResources.stopInternal(NamingResources.java:970)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:232)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.stopInternal(StandardContext.java:5495)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:232)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:160)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
答案 0 :(得分：1)
问题是在同一个类加载器中开始两次jndi上下文，这对tomcat来说是不可能的。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
如何使用Jetty + Tomcat？
您无法使用Tomcat为插件提供尽可能多的实例。但是，您可以使用maven-jetty-plugin同时启动至少2个应用程序。