我试图弄清楚如何循环遍历层次结构，我不知道如何放入PLSQL。我想要实现的目标：我想知道什么部门在层次结构中超过我10步：
假设我有一个部门和一个部门的表。我想执行这种操作：
select my_department from table_departments as v_department
FOR counter in 1...9
LOOP
v_department:=
(SELECT parent_department
FROM table_department_hierarchy
WHERE child_department=v_department)
END LOOP as top_department;
我无法弄清楚正确的语法，是否有勇敢的灵魂可以帮助我？
答案 0 :(得分：2)
使用更正的PL / SQL语法的方法类似于：
begin
select my_department into v_department from table_departments;
FOR counter in 1...9
LOOP
SELECT parent_department
INTO v_department
FROM table_department_hierarchy
WHERE child_department=v_department;
END LOOP:
END;
但是你可以在一个声明中得到所有这些：
SELECT parent_department
INTO v_department
FROM
( SELECT parent_department, level as lvl
FROM table_department_hierarchy
CONNECT BY child_department = PRIOR parent_department
START WITH child_department = v_department
)
WHERE lvl = 9;
答案 1 :(得分：0)
这是我很久以前编写的一个大型pl / sql程序，用于遍历员工/老板报告树一直到顶层（CEO）。这个版本是专门针对Peoplesoft的，但只要你阅读一些记录中有父/子关系的东西，它就能适用于任何东西....我有其他更动态的版本，但这可能是最简单的解密。我删除了一些你不会关心的绒毛。此特定解决方案由于各种原因而提供给表格，因为报告工具可以使用它......
它还可以动态确定级别，因此您无需知道有多少级别，就像使用解决方案连接一样。
希望有所帮助：
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE DW."SPW_T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY" (iCommit In Integer Default 1000,
pdBegin In Date Default trunc(Sysdate) - 3,
pdEnd In Date Default trunc(Sysdate) + 1,
vTruncate In Varchar2 Default 'Y' ) Is
------------------------------------------------------
-- DECLARATIONS
------------------------------------------------------
Cursor curDataSource Is
---**********************************----
---****BEGIN CUSTOMIZE THIS BLOCK****----
---**********************************----
Select
Eh.empl_id F_DESCENDANT_ID
,Eh.Super_Empl_Id F_IMMEDIATE_ANCESTOR_ID
From
Employee_Header EH
Where
EH.SUPER_EMPL_ID IS NOT NULL OR EH.TERM_DATE IS NULL;
---**********************************----
---****END CUSTOMIZE THIS BLOCK******----
---**********************************----
dNow Date := Sysdate;
iTotalRows Integer := 0;
iTotalErrors Integer := 0;
---**********************************----
---****BEGIN CUSTOMIZE THIS BLOCK****----
---**********************************----
vDescendentID Varchar2(20);
iDescendentLevel Integer := 1;
iAncestorLevel Integer := 0;
vAncestorID Varchar2(20);
vTmpAncestorID Varchar2(20);
vTmpEmployeeID Varchar2(20);
---**********************************----
---****END CUSTOMIZE THIS BLOCK******----
---**********************************----
------------------------------------------------------
-- END DECLARATIONS
------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------
-- BEGIN MAIN
------------------------------------------------------
Begin
-- Loop over source records
For recDataSource In curDataSource
Loop
iDescendentLevel := 1;
vAncestorID := recDataSource.f_Immediate_Ancestor_Id;
-- Start Transaction
Begin
while (Trim(vAncestorID) is not null)
loop
Begin
-- Fetch Next Ancestor
Select EH.SUPER_EMPL_ID
Into vTmpAncestorID
From
EMPLOYEE_HEADER EH
Where
EH.EMPL_ID = vAncestorID;
Exception
When Others Then
vTmpAncestorID := null;
End;
If NVL(vTmpAncestorID,'-XYZ-') = NVL(vAncestorID,'-123-') Then
vTmpAncestorID := null;
End If;
vAncestorID := vTmpAncestorID;
iDescendentLevel := iDescendentLevel + 1;
end loop;
-- Insert Resource Base
Insert Into T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY
(
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_HIERARCHY_NAME,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_DESCENDANT_LEVEL,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_DESCENDANT_ID,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_ANCESTOR_LEVEL,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_ANCESTOR_ID
)
Values
(
'Physical Org Chart',
iDescendentLevel,
recDataSource.f_Descendant_Id,
To_Number(Decode(iDescendentLevel,1,2,iDescendentLevel) - 1),
NVL(recDataSource.f_Immediate_Ancestor_Id,'ROOT')
);
-- Insert MySelf Into Resource Base as well for full hierarchy research
Insert Into T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY
(
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_HIERARCHY_NAME,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_DESCENDANT_LEVEL,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_DESCENDANT_ID,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_ANCESTOR_LEVEL,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_ANCESTOR_ID
)
Values
(
'Physical Org Chart',
iDescendentLevel,
recDataSource.f_Descendant_Id,
iDescendentLevel,
NVL(recDataSource.f_Descendant_Id,'ROOT')
);
-- Now Its Time To Climb The Tree
-- For This Employee
vAncestorID := recDataSource.f_Immediate_Ancestor_Id;
iAncestorLevel := iDescendentLevel-1;
vTmpAncestorID := null;
-- Loop over parents
while (Trim(vAncestorID) is not null)
loop
Begin
-- Fetch Next Ancestor
Select EH.SUPER_EMPL_ID
Into vTmpAncestorID
From
EMPLOYEE_HEADER EH
Where
EH.EMPL_ID = vAncestorID;
Exception
When Others Then
vTmpAncestorID := null;
End;
If NVL(vTmpAncestorID,'-XYZ-') = '-XYZ-' Then
vTmpAncestorID := null;
End If;
vAncestorID := vTmpAncestorID;
iAncestorLevel := iAncestorLevel - 1;
If vAncestorID is not null Then
-- Insert Resource Base
Insert Into T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY
(
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_HIERARCHY_NAME,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_DESCENDANT_LEVEL,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_DESCENDANT_ID,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_ANCESTOR_LEVEL,
T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY.F_ANCESTOR_ID
)
Values
(
'Physical Org Chart',
iDescendentLevel,
recDataSource.f_Descendant_Id,
iAncestorLevel,
vAncestorID
);
End If;
end loop;
-- TRANSACTION EXCEPTION HANDLING
Exception
When Others Then
End;
-- ASSIGN HOW MANY RECORDS PROCESSED
iTotalRows := curDataSource%Rowcount;
-- CONDITIONAL/INCREMENTAL TRANSACTION COMMIT
If Mod(iTotalRows, iCommit) = 0
Then
Commit;
End If;
End Loop;
-- FINAL COMMIT AND MD UPDATE
Commit;
-- MAIN EXCEPTION HANDLING
Exception
When Others Then
Begin
iExceptionCode := Sqlcode;
vExceptionMessage := Sqlerrm;
Raise_application_error(Sqlcode, Sqlerrm);
End;
------------------------------------------------------
-- END MAIN
------------------------------------------------------
End SPW_T_RESOURCE_HIERARCHY;
/
答案 2 :(得分：0)
请检查以下示例。未经测试，但相信：）
DECLARE
G_EMPLOYEE_ID NUMBER:=1880;
FUNCTION GET_MANAGER(V_EMPLOYEE_ID NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
V_MANAGER_ID NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT ID_MANAGER INTO V_MANAGER_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = V_EMPLOYEE_ID;
RETURN V_MANAGER_ID;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
BEGIN
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('EMPLOYEE:' || G_EMPLOYEE_ID);
G_EMPLOYEE_ID := GET_MANAGER(G_EMPLOYEE_ID);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('MANAGER:' || G_EMPLOYEE_ID);
EXIT WHEN G_EMPLOYEE_ID IS NULL;
END LOOP;
END;
另一个很棒的选择（主要）是CONNECT BY，START WITH