Question

我是Ruby on Rails的新手，并且正在通过Michael Hartl的Rails教程。我找到了第10章似乎无法解决的错误（具体来说，10.1.3“User / Micropost association”）。我遇到的错误是当我执行以下rspec命令时：

$ bundle exec rspec spec / models

它引发了以下错误：

Failures:

  1) Micropost accessible attributes should not allow access to user_id
     ←[31mFailure/Error:←[0m ←[31mexpect do←[0m
       ←[31mexpected ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error but nothing was
raised←[0m
←[36m     # ./spec/models/micropost_spec.rb:28:in `block (3 levels) in <top (req
uired)>'←[0m

Finished in 5.79 seconds
←[31m27 examples, 1 failure←[0m

Failed examples:

←[31mrspec ./spec/models/micropost_spec.rb:27←[0m ←[36m# Micropost accessible at
tributes should not allow access to user_id←[0m

这是micropost_spec.rb的代码：

require 'spec_helper'

describe Micropost do

let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
before { @micropost = user.microposts.build(content: "Lorem ipsum") }

subject { @micropost }

  it { should respond_to(:content) }
  it { should respond_to(:user_id) }
  it { should respond_to(:user) }
  its(:user) { should == user }

  it { should be_valid }




  describe "when user_id is not present" do
    before { @micropost.user_id = nil }
    it { should_not be_valid }
  end


  describe "accessible attributes" do
    it "should not allow access to user_id" do
      expect do
       Micropost.new(user_id: user.id)
      end.to raise_error(ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error)
    end
  end
end

application.rb中：

require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)

# Pick the frameworks you want:
require "active_record/railtie"
require "action_controller/railtie"
require "action_mailer/railtie"
require "active_resource/railtie"
require "sprockets/railtie"
# require "rails/test_unit/railtie"

  if defined?(Bundler)
 # If you precompile assets before deploying to production, use this line
 Bundler.require(*Rails.groups(:assets => %w(development test)))
 # If you want your assets lazily compiled in production, use this line
 # Bundler.require(:default, :assets, Rails.env)
end

module SampleApp
  class Application < Rails::Application
   # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
   # Application configuration should go into files in config/initializers
   # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded.
config.active_record.whitelist_attributes = true
   # Custom directories with classes and modules you want to be autoloadable.
   # config.autoload_paths += %W(#{config.root}/extras)

    # Only load the plugins named here, in the order given (default is alphabetical).
# :all can be used as a placeholder for all plugins not explicitly named.
# config.plugins = [ :exception_notification, :ssl_requirement, :all ]

# Activate observers that should always be running.
# config.active_record.observers = :cacher, :garbage_collector, :forum_observer

# Set Time.zone default to the specified zone and make Active Record auto-convert to this zone.
# Run "rake -D time" for a list of tasks for finding time zone names. Default is UTC.
# config.time_zone = 'Central Time (US & Canada)'

# The default locale is :en and all translations from config/locales/*.rb,yml are auto loaded.
# config.i18n.load_path += Dir[Rails.root.join('my', 'locales', '*.{rb,yml}').to_s]
# config.i18n.default_locale = :de
# Configure the default encoding used in templates for Ruby 1.9.
config.encoding = "utf-8"

# Configure sensitive parameters which will be filtered from the log file.
config.filter_parameters += [:password]

# Enable the asset pipeline
config.assets.enabled = true

# Version of your assets, change this if you want to expire all your assets
config.assets.version = '1.0'
 end
 end

... micropost.rb

class Micropost < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :content
  belongs_to :user

  validates :user_id, presence: true
end

提前感谢您的帮助！

泰

Answer 1

调用expected ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error but nothing was raised时Micropost.new(user_id: user.id)。

让它正常工作：

应将Rails应用程序配置为明确将可访问参数列入白名单或黑名单;在3.2.3之前的rails版本中默认情况下处于启用状态;在以前的版本中，必须通过config/application.rb中的以下行完成，详见Listing 10.6 of RailsTutorial book：

config.active_record.whitelist_attributes = true
attr_accessible :user_id模型文件中不应该有micropost.rb。

Answer 2

尝试添加

config.active_record.mass_assignment_sanitizer = :strict

对于你的application.rb文件，我发现的是，如果不严格，它只会抛出警告但不是例外。

Answer 3

和你一样，我尝试了上述所有解决方案而没有运气。我还注意到Hartl最新版本的Rails 4版本不包含那些测试，因此我怀疑这种测试可访问性的方法在以后的版本中不起作用。也许专家（没有通过Rails教程的人）可以插入。

但....我注意到另一个StackOverflow线程中的这个响应，推荐“shoulda-matchers”Gem来测试它，这解决了我的问题（https://stackoverflow.com/a/11876425/3899955）。在调查Gem时，我发现它是为许多常见的ActiveModel，ActiveRecord和ActionController测试生成可读测试的好方法。我很高兴将它添加到我的箭袋中，也许你也会这样。

我不赞成这个答案，只是想发布这个，所以如果其他人在第10.5章中遇到这种挫败感，或在第9章完成练习6。

10.1.3“User / Micropost association”出错

3 个答案: